Guoliang Tunnel

Guo Liangdong

synonym

Guoliang tunnel generally refers to Guoliang tunnel

Guoliang cave is a wall hanging road in Guoliang village, shayao Township, Huixian County, Xinxiang City, Henan Province. It is also called Guoliang cave wall hanging road. Guoliang tunnel, Guoliang tunnel, wanxianshan cliff corridor and Guoliang village cliff corridor were built in 1972 and completed in 1977.

All of them were completed by the villagers of Guoliang village independently, and the 13 villagers who were mainly responsible for digging were called the "Thirteen heroes" of Guoliang cave. Guo Liangdong is known as one of the "ten most dangerous roads in the world" and one of the "18 most peculiar roads in the world". In the early 1990s, guoliangdong began to develop tourism projects, and has become the first scenic spot of wanxianshan scenic spot, a national 4A scenic spot. The first film was shot here.

Development history

The ancestors of the people in Guoliang village fled to this desperate situation for refuge. Previously, the road in and out of the village was completely composed of stones and stone steps dug directly on the 90 degree cliff, which was called "TIANTI". The sheep intestine was steep and only allowed one person to pass without any protective measures, so it was very dangerous to go in and out. Most of the cattle, sheep, pigs and other livestock in Guoliang village were carried up by the villagers from the "ladder" when they were young. If they want to sell them to other villages, they have to walk more than 30 miles up the mountain road to get down the mountain. Usually from the "ladder" to carry mountain goods outside the mountain, in exchange for some popular daily necessities.

In the autumn of 1971, in order to actively respond to Chairman Mao's call that "man will conquer nature" and get rid of the fate of poverty for generations, villagers Shen Xinfu, Wang Huaitang, and Shen Fugui went to the county to consult experts for advice under the proposal of the village Party branch secretary's declaration letter.

In 1972, the villagers sold their goats and yams to raise money to buy steel hammers and files. Under the harsh conditions of no electricity and no machinery, the cave drilling commando team composed of 13 strong laborers in the village, with hemp ropes tied around their waists, hung on the cliff, grasped the iron drill rod, danced the iron hammer, and chiseled out a row of gun holes on the red rock cliff. Thirteen young men gathered under the ladder and raised their fists to face the wall, vowing to cut through the cliff and make the road to the outside of the mountain.

On March 9, 1972, Guo Liangdong started work. Due to the high altitude, less cultivated land and short frost free period in Guoliang village, only one season of crops can be planted in a year, and the annual grain harvest is less than 80000 Jin. However, the 80000 Jin grain is the total ration of hundreds of people in the village. In this situation, the 13 commandos only have 0.12 yuan per day for food. Corn porridge, corn cake and Wotou potherb are their three meals a day. In this way, each commando has only two Jin of corn per day.

At the end of 1975, the project entered the most difficult stage. Guo Liangren had sold out all the goats, cut down all the trees, ate up all the grain, and had no more money. At this time, the whole village, men, women, young and old, got up at 5 o'clock in the morning, climbed 5 kilometers of mountain road to dig fish scale pits, dug all winter and spring, and earned more than 3100 yuan. After the Party branch secretary took the money to the village, more than 100 people surrounded him and asked him to go to the city to buy steel, detonators, fuse and explosives. The average height of Guoliang cliff is 105 meters. When the working face is blasted from the middle of the cliff, it is necessary to tie a rope to work in the air. If there is no money to buy a rope, it is necessary to untie the rope sleeve of the ox pulling the plow, connect them one by one, and put people down from the top of the cliff. In this way, the brave men who took part in the tunneling ignored life and death and turned the natural moat into a thoroughfare with their lives and blood.

Without any machinery, Guo Liangren spent five years hammering 26000 cubic meters of Stonework in the precipice, drilling 12 tons of bare steel rods, and breaking 4000 8-pound hammers. The old people and children took turns to go to the tunnel site to clean up the debris. Big stones are carried by hand, small stones are carried in baskets and carried in baskets. Everyone's shoulders are cocooned and his fingers bleed. At the most difficult juncture of the project, more than 100 teaching staff of Huixian Education Bureau, led by director yuan Yong, worked with Guo Liangren to speed up the progress of the project.

On May 1, 1977, Guo Liangdong, known as the "cliff corridor", was officially opened to traffic. To this end, Wang Huaitang and other villagers gave their precious lives. A stone tablet in front of Guoliang village records this historical event.

geographical environment

Guoliang village in Henan Province is located on a cliff 1700 meters above sea level, which is also called Guoliang cliff. Guoliang village is surrounded by mountains on three sides and faces cliffs on the other side. Because of this special geographical environment, the villagers here have lived in isolation for generations, and the transportation is extremely inconvenient.

Spiritual meaning

Guo Liangdong is the product of the spirit of the times. It is easy to find the spirit of Mao Zedong era in the excavation of Guo Liangdong and the "red flag canal", which is not far from Guo Liangdong and is the great project of man-made transformation of nature. In the era of Mao Zedong, human resources were greatly exaggerated and respected, and people's enthusiasm for transforming nature was unprecedented. They called out "learn from Dazhai in agriculture", "learn from Dazhai to work hard", "be independent", "be self reliant", "work hard", "Yugong move mountains" and "the people are real heroes" ”It is against this historical background that a number of great projects in the red era, such as the red flag canal, were born. The spirit of Guo Liangdong was first discovered by the Japanese in 1976. Yutian film and television company of Japan made a feature film here, which was called "the Ninth Wonder of the world".

Tourism information

transport line

Self driving: About 600km from Beijing to Xinxiang (Expressway), about 70km from Xinxiang to Huixian to wanxianshan scenic spot (provincial road + County Road);

Train: there are about 4-5 trains from Beijing to Xinxiang, which take 7.5-10.5 hours, 60-82 yuan for hard seat and 96-150 yuan for sleeper. For example, K179 starts at 22:38 PM and arrives at Xinxiang at 06:00 the next day;

There are 4-5 trains returning to the city, such as K180, k118, etc., but they don't start, so it's not easy to buy a sleeper. The sleeper tickets of the day are sold at the railway station. If you buy them in advance, you can take No.1, No.15 or No.25 bus at the railway station to the ticket agency of the City Cultural Palace.

After arriving at Xinxiang:

A) You can charter a bus to Wanxian mountain at the railway station or the long-distance passenger station on Liberty Road (1km away from the railway station). The price of noodles is generally 90-130 yuan, which takes 1.5-2 hours;

B) It takes 2-3 hours to take CMB to Huixian (4 yuan per person) at the long distance passenger station, and then take Xiaomian to wanxianshan (about 60 yuan per car)

Scenic routes

After arriving at the scenic spot, a few hundred meters behind the signboard of Wanxian mountain scenic spot (tens of meters away from the ticket office), there is a turn to the right, one or two farmers on the right hand, and a path up the mountain (leading to the ladder). Get off and go through a village to get to the ladder. After you get to the TIANTI, you can walk to the left to Guoliang village, about 1.5km away. In the middle of the village, you pass a three story gun building standing on the edge of the cliff. It's a good place to enjoy the unique knife like sedimentary rock cliffs of Taihang Mountain. After entering Guoliang village, there are many sketching students everywhere.

The most distinctive scenic spots here are:

A) Guoliang cave, a 1700 meter long cliff corridor, is a cave with intermittent side windows. There are more tourists here;

B) Cliff crack Canyon, more than 100 meters deep straight cliff is very powerful;

C) Tianchi waterfall

After visiting the cliff corridor, you can return to Guoliang village by the same way, and then follow the direction of the people on the cliff. It's very quiet all the way, and you can enjoy the panorama of the Grand Canyon. It's all gravel. There is a T-junction about 4km away, which is the boundary between Henan and Shanxi, and the opposite village is Kunshan village in Shanxi. It's about 2 km to Nanping Village.

Nanping Village:

A) Danfen Canyon enters Danfen canyon from Nanping Village parking lot along the direction of Heilongtan. It is about 800 meters to Heilongtan. Here is a waterfall with a drop of about 30 meters. There is a deep pool under the waterfall. The water is extremely clear, but the pool is very deep, dark green and bottomless. Further on, there is a Bailongtan on the right. The water potential is small, but it is winding and has a unique charm.

B) You can go up the escalator to the canyon above Bailongtan. The ticket price here is 10 yuan (you can bargain to 5 yuan). You can go 1000 meters up the upper reaches of Longtan and get out of the canyon to the road leading to Nanping mojianfeng. It is suggested that you can buy tickets to go up here. On the one hand, you don't have to go back. On the other hand, you can go to mojianfeng plank road + waterfall.

C) The ticket price of mojianfeng is 10 yuan per person, but the one-way fare can be up to 5 yuan. When you get on the highway, you can choose to charter a car or walk. You can charter a car to take the driver to the entrance of mojianfeng plank road, then to the Xiaoshuang parking lot below, and then to Xinxiang. The cost is between 150 and 200 yuan. 2 ~ 3km to mojianfeng plank road. The plank road made of stone steps and iron ladders extends from the peak to the bottom of the valley. The bottom of the valley is fresh and cool. The waterfall of mojianfeng is very ethereal. Walk 2K along the valley bottom

Chinese PinYin : Guo Liang Sui Dao