FengHao house

Chiang's former residence

synonym

FengHao house generally refers to Jiang's former residence

Jiang's former residence is the former residence of several generations before and after Jiang Zhongzheng. Located in Xikou, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, the Chiang family used to live, work and play here. In November 1996, the State Council announced that it was the fourth batch of national key cultural relics protection units, and now it is listed as the national AAAAA tourist attraction.

On December 2, 2017, Jiang's former residence was selected as the "second batch of Chinese 20th century architectural heritage".

Introduction to scenic spots

Jiang's former residence is a group building, including FengHao house, Xiaoyang house and Yutai salt shop. Among them, FengHao house is located in Xikou middle street, covering an area of 4800 square meters, with a total construction area of 1850 square meters. The main gate, suju, baoben hall and independent small building are original buildings of the Qing Dynasty, and the rest are expanded by Chiang in 1929.

The small western style house, with three two-story buildings and Western style, is built in 1930 with an area of 240 square meters and a total construction area of 310 square meters. Yutai salt shop is located in the middle street of Xikou. It is the place where Chiang Kai Shek was born. It has two buildings in front and back, three in front and one in back. It covers an area of 716 square meters, with a construction area of 600 square meters. Since the late Qing Dynasty, the salt shop has caught fire twice. The house was built in 1946.

Chiang Kai Shek was born here, and the existing building was built in 1946. The small western style two-story building, near Shanxi and yiwushan, was built in 1930. Chiang Ching Kuo stayed in the Soviet Union to worship, and lived here with his wife Fang Liang and son Xiaowen.

Traditional layout

The former residence of Chiang Kai Shek has a traditional layout of front hall, back hall, two chambers and four halls. Building Xuan phase, corridor circle, ink column ochre wall, magnificent. There are also three gardens in the front hall and on the left and right. The corridor of the hall is full of carvings and colored paintings. There are couplets and plaques written by Chiang Kai Shek in the newspaper, such as "respecting one's relatives in newspaper is the moral principle", "filial piety and obedience to one's grandchildren" and "being reasonable and handsome". I wish his son Jiang Jingguo's 40th birthday.

Fenghaofang: Haojing was the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the northwest of Chang'an, Shaanxi Province. Take the meaning of Jian Feng, King Wen of Zhou Dynasty, and Jian Hao, King Wu of Zhou Dynasty.

traditional custom

In the old days, Xikou people had a traditional custom of naming their ancestral houses and striving for elegance. The ancestral houses of the three brothers of Chiang Kai Shek's father's generation were named Xiafang, Shangfang and Zhoufang respectively. Jiang's father's three lines are called Zhou Fang. The year after Jiang's father died of illness, the Chiang Kai Shek brothers separated their families. The elders talked and asked their brothers to set up their own names. From the "Zhou Fang" of the upper generation and the "Zhou Zi Dai" of Chiang Kai Shek in the Genealogy (the genealogical name is "Zhou Tai"), the capital cities of the two emperors of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Fengyi and Haojing, each with the first word as the name of the house, which was given to Chiang Kai Shek's ancestral house, so it was called "FengHao Fang". FengHao stands for Jiang Jieshi's first room, and FengHao stands for his dead brother Jiang Ruiqing's first room. Ruiqing died early and was inherited by Chiang Kai Shek, so it was called fenghaofang.

In the past, it was said that Chiang Kai Shek had a long history of monarchical thinking. However, when he was named fenghaofang, Chiang Kai Shek was 10 years old, but people only wanted to do business.

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Jiang's private nunnery

Maha temple is the private nunnery of Jiang family. Because Maha Taigong, the ancestor of Jiang family, was a Buddhist, this private nunnery is called "Maha Temple". It is dedicated to the ancestors of the Jiang family. Mao Fumei, Jiang Jingguo's biological mother, was also buried here. You can see that Wu Jingheng's title is "the tomb of Mao Taijun". In 1931, Mao Fumei, Jiang Jingguo's mother, funded the construction of a Buddhist temple for her to worship and chant Buddhist scriptures with Jiang's family members. The maharaja, Jiang zongba, was born in the Liang Dynasty after the Five Dynasties. He believed in Buddhism. He worshipped the cloth bag monk of Yuelin temple in Fenghua as his teacher. He often recited "mahaprajna paramita" and called himself "Maha Jushi". In Xikou people, he was honored as "Maha Taigong". In his later years, he founded Mituo temple in xiaopanshan, Dongxiang, Ningbo. After his death, he was buried beside the temple and built a tower tomb. Chiang Kai Shek had visited the temple many times.

Yellow wall and green tile

The Maha hall facing east and West, with yellow walls and green tiles, pink walls and ochre corridor, 11 rooms in each chamber, a courtyard behind the hall and pebble pavement, was restored in 1989. Three camphor trees were planted. In the front of the hall, there is a statue of Jiang zongba. On both sides of the wall, there are historical relics of Maha hall and photos of Chiang Kai Shek's ancestor worship and tomb sweeping. In a bungalow in the East, there are pictures of Mao Fumei and Jiang's father and son.

The open space on the east side of Maha hall is the cemetery of Mao Fumei. Jiang Jingguo's biological mother was born in Yantou village of Fenghua in 1882. She married Chiang Kai Shek in 1901 and gave birth to Jiang Jingguo on March 18 of the lunar calendar in 1910. On December 12, 1939, she was bombed by Japanese warplanes and was killed by the back door of FengHao house. In the winter of 1946, under the control of Jiang Jingguo, the Mao family was officially buried here.

Yellow wall and green tile

Wenchang Pavilion was first built in the ninth year of Yongzheng reign of Qing Dynasty (1731). It is also called "Kui Pavilion" because it worships the first Kui star. It is known as "Kui Pavilion in the sky" and is one of the ten sceneries of Xikou in Qing Dynasty.

In 1924, Chiang Kai Shek went back to his hometown to sweep his tomb. Seeing that he was in a state of disrepair, he asked his elder brother Chiang Kai Ching to call on migrant workers to demolish and rebuild it. After completion the next year, he built a two-story Pavilion building with cornices and angles, covering an area of 500 square meters. Chiang Kai Shek named it "leting" and described its beautiful scenery by writing the story of Yueting in Wuling.

In December 1927, when Chiang Kai Shek and Song Meiling got married, they often lived in Xikou and became their private villas. The first floor of Wenchang Pavilion is the reception room, and the second floor is the bedroom and living room of Chiang Kai Shek and Song Meiling.

Art works

On January 13, 1937, after the Xi'an Incident, general Zhang Xueliang was sent to Xikou for house arrest. His first foothold was Wenchang Pavilion, and he lived for 10 days before moving to Xuedou mountain.

On December 12, 1939, six Japanese warplanes bombed Xikou and the Wenchang Pavilion was razed to the ground. Until Chiang Kai Shek left the mainland, it was still in ruins.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, there are many art works in Wenchang Pavilion, Jiang's hometown. Among them, Wenchang Pavilion, a member of China Museum Association, a national first-class artist, the first person to paint the former residences of Chinese celebrities, and a famous painter, Mr. thumb, is the most famous.

Wulingmen

Wulingmen is the only way to Xikou town. It was built on the ridge of Wushan mountain and got its name.

Before 1929, it was a small nunnery. Chiang Kai Shek's mother believed in Buddhism and often went here to chant Buddhist scriptures. In 1930, it was rebuilt by Chiang Kai Shek into a three room two-story Wuguan gate building. Both sides of the forehead are engraved with the inscription "Wuling", and the front is written by Yu Youren, a veteran of the Kuomintang and a famous calligrapher.

Chiang Kai Shek wrote to wulingmen in his own handwriting, and saw that Sanli long street was accompanied by winding Shanxi River, just like a paradise in the world, just like the scene of Wuling described in Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Land. Wuling road is the hometown where Jiang's father and son grew up.

Small western style house

This small house with three rooms and two floors was built in 1930. Because of its compact structure, the cement used in the building is also called "cement", so it is named "small house". In April 1937, Chiang Ching Kuo returned from studying in the Soviet Union. Chiang Kai Shek arranged for him to stay here to study Chinese, read Zeng Guofan's letters, Wang Yangming's complete works and "Chinese legacy" and other works, and asked him to write a report on his trip to Russia to reflect on the red mark he had made when he studied in the Soviet Union and "brainwash" his son. Jiang Jingguo described it as "Hanzhai" in his diary, and compared it to "a study for cultivating body and mind and increasing self-cultivation" with a slight irony. When Chiang Ching Kuo was living and studying, there were bedrooms in the East, study in the West and reception hall in the middle. Xiaoyangfang also lived in duanna, a foreign military adviser of Chiang Kai Shek, and Chen Bulei, director of the Chamberlain's office. There is a stone tablet on the first floor of the small house, which tells the story of the death of Mao Fumei, Jiang Jingguo's mother. In 1939, when Japanese invaders bombed Xikou, Mao Fumei was killed by the collapse of the back wall at the back door of FengHao house. After hearing the news, Jiang Jingguo rushed from Jiangxi to mourn. In his grief and indignation, he wrote down the four words "washing blood with blood", expressing his firm determination to avenge his mother's death.

Yutai salt shop

Yutai salt shop is the birthplace of Chiang Kai Shek. According to the genealogy of Chiang Kai Shek, Chiang Kai Shek was born on September 15 of the lunar calendar in 1887.

Yutai salt shop was opened by Jiang Siqian, the grandfather of Chiang Kai Shek, in 1871 and later inherited by Jiang zhaocong, the father of Chiang Kai Shek. After the death of Jiang zhaocong, his brothers separated, and the salt shop was operated by Chiang Kai Shek's brother Chiang Kai Ching. In 1919, Chiang Kai Ching went out for business, and the salt shop was closed. There are three buildings, three bungalows, kitchen, toilet and other ancillary buildings.

After Chiang Kai Shek was born, Yanpu was on fire twice and once corroded by termites. The existing building was rebuilt by Chiang Kai Shek in 1948. The gate is a stone frame, with the word "Qinglu" written on the forehead and six characters "the original site of Yutai salt shop" inscribed by Chiang Kai Shek on the boundary wall on the west side of the gate.

Transportation guide

To visit Jiang's former residence, you can take bus 988 at the South Square of Ningbo railway station to Yinfeng square station, get off, and walk through the South Road of paimen.

Address: No.26 Wuling West Road, Xikou Town, Fenghua District, Ningbo City

Longitude: 121.282171

Latitude: 29.681669

Tel: 0574-88857997

Ticket information: no ticket required. The tickets for the scenic spot of Jiang's hometown have been included

Chinese PinYin : Feng Gao Fang