Former residence of Zeng Guofan

Former residence of Zeng Guofan

Fu Hou Tang, Zeng Guofan's former residence, is located in Heye Town, Shuangfeng County (formerly Xiangxiang). It was built in the fourth year of Tongzhi reign in the Qing Dynasty (1865 AD). The whole building is like the structure of Beijing Quadrangle, including banyuetang in front of the gate, the gate tower, the main building of babentang, three libraries of Gongji, Puji and Fangji, lotus pond, bird and crane tower in the back mountain, chess Pavilion and cunpu Pavilion, as well as Siyun hall built by Zeng Guofan himself at home in the seventh year of Xianfeng. It has a garden style, covering a total area of more than 40000 square meters and a construction area of 10000 square meters. The essence of Fu Hou Tang is the library, which has about 300000 volumes and is one of the largest private libraries in China.

Introduction to former residence

The former residence of Zeng Guofan, FuHouTang, also known as Yiyong Houdi, is Zeng Guofan's Houfu. It is located in Futuo village, Heye Town, in the east of Shuangfeng County, Loudi City, Hunan Province. It is adjacent to Xiangxiang City, Xiangtan County, Hengshan County and Hengyang County. It covers a total area of more than 40000 square meters, and the main building is nearly 10000 square meters. It is a typical cloister type building group of Ming and Qing Dynasties symmetrical along the central axis.

Zeng Guofan's representative buildings mainly include "white jade hall", "Golden Hall", "Wannian hall", "dafudi hall" and "Fu Hou hall" (Youheng hall is Zeng Guoquan's former residence).

Fu Hou Tang

FuHouTang: national key cultural relics protection unit, national AAAA tourist area, one of the eight new Xiaoxiang scenic spots.

Fu Hou Tang was built in 1865. The whole building includes banyuetang, gatehouse, main building of babentang, Gongji, Puji and Fangji, lotus pond, bird and crane tower, chess Pavilion and cunpu Pavilion in the back mountain, and Siyun hall built by Zeng Guofan himself in the seventh year of Xianfeng. It covers an area of more than 40000 square meters with a construction area of 10000 square meters. In 2006, it was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

The tourism area of Zeng Guofan's hometown includes FuHouTang, baiyutang, huangjintang, dafudi (Dunde hall, Zhenshan Hall), Wanyi hall, Xiushan hall, Youheng hall, Huazhu hall, Wenji hall and other ten halls of Zeng family. In addition to the ancestral tombs of Zeng family, there are Qiujin's former residence and Guangjia hall, Cai Chang's former residence. The tourist area covers an area of 100 square kilometers. Fu Hou Tang is the core scenic spot of Zeng Guofan's hometown tourist area, and it is the "country Marquis's residence" which is rarely preserved in China.

Profile

Zeng Guofan (1811-1872), formerly known as Zicheng, is one of the most influential figures in Chinese history. His life, his wisdom and his thoughts have deeply influenced several generations of Chinese people. Even though he has passed away for more than 100 years, people still like to talk about Zeng Guofan. Some commentators said: if we judge by the characters, Zeng Guofan is the last person in ancient Chinese history and the first person in modern history. This sentence summarizes Zeng Guofan's personal role and influence from a certain angle. He is also the most prominent and controversial figure in modern China.

Zeng Guofan was born in a landlord family in the Qing Dynasty. He was intelligent, diligent and studious when he was young. He entered a private school at the age of 6. At the age of 8, he was able to read eight legged essays and recite the five classics. At the age of 14, he was able to read the selected works of Zhouli and Shiji. In the same year, he took part in the children's test in Changsha, and his score was ranked as excellent. He lived in the turbulent years of the Qing Dynasty from prosperity to decline, internal and external troubles. He had no family knowledge or foundation. However, with his hard work, he was a Confucian scholar and got a reputation under the feudal imperial examination system. He successively served as a scholar in the Imperial Academy, a scholar in the Imperial Academy, a scholar in the Imperial Academy, a scholar in the Imperial Academy, a scholar in the cabinet, a scholar in the Imperial Academy, a minister in the Ministry of rites, and a scholar in the Imperial Academy The Minister of the Ministry of war, the Ministry of work, the Ministry of punishment, and the Ministry of officials finally rose to the rank of governor. All his life, he was devoted to behavior and politics, and took patience as the most important thing. He advocated that everything should be diligent, thrifty and honest, and not be proud of being an official. He cultivated his moral character and self-discipline, and achieved great success in officialdom. The rise of Zeng Guofan had a profound influence on the politics, military, culture and economy of the Qing Dynasty. Zeng Guofan was the first person in Chinese history who really "opened his eyes to see the world" and actively practiced it. At the initiative of Zeng Guofan, he built China's first ship, established the first military academy, printed and translated the first batch of Western books, and arranged the first batch of students to study in the United States. It can be said that Zeng Guofan is a pioneer of China's modernization.

Zeng Guofan ran the army with Confucianism, emphasized benevolence and righteousness, raised his own Hunan army, and set up another discipline. His "love folk song" made the soldiers of Xiang army follow their behavior. His article "a call to the bandits in Guangdong" encouraged many intellectuals to take off their long clothes and willingly fight against the Taiping army. He suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement and made the Qing Dynasty survive. He studied western culture, cleaned up the political style, and "rescued the current maladies" with lofty mind, which led to "Tongzhi Zhongxing" in the late Qing Dynasty. He was honest and obedient, far away from power and avoiding disaster. He attached great importance to propriety and law, and woven the strongest network of relationships. He knew people well and acted according to their abilities. He recommended and recommended thousands of subordinates, including more than 40 officials and governors. He realized the great cause of "three immortality" of Confucian moral cultivation, governing the country and pacifying the world, and establishing morality, meritorious service and speech. He was promoted the fastest. Within ten years, he even jumped seven levels. At the age of 37, he became an official of the second grade. Zeng Guofan was the only one who had this honor in the Qing Dynasty. He was the most stable official. He served three kings of Daoguang, Xianfeng and Tongzhi for 34 years. He has the reputation of "learning from Zeng Guofan in politics and Hu Xueyan in business". He is a gentleman for learning. He knows the way and the world. He is quiet and farsighted. He is indifferent to gain and loss. His father is kind, his son is filial, his brothers and sisters are respectful, and his family education is good. His family letter can be regarded as a model of Chinese ancient family education.

Origin of former residence

Zeng Guofan was successively promoted to Liangjiang governor and Zhili governor. He added "Prince Taibao" to the imperial edict, granted "first-class and courageous Marquis", awarded "great Bachelor of wuyingdian", promoted to "Guanglu doctor", and posthumously named "Zeng wenzhenggong". In the autumn of the fourth year of tongzhi (1865), Zeng Guofan, who had no intention of officialdom all his life, planned to mobilize his family members to return home to "set up a family". Later, he would retire. Because his wife Ouyang was not at ease about "drowning people in the pond" in front of the former Golden Hall, he ordered his son Zeng Jize to "return to Hunan to report to the two business uncles" and transfer to Futuo villa, where Zeng guohuang, Zeng Guoquan and Zeng Jize took charge In accordance with the scale of Hou Fu, he spent ten years to build Fu Hou Tang. FuHouTang covers an area of more than 40000 square meters, with a construction area of 9202.86 square meters. It is of earth rock, brick and wood structure, with an ambulatory style. Inside and outside, there are eight halls, qiujuezhai, jiupuzhai, Yifang hall and Siyun hall. Eight treasure platform, Ji Yuan, Fu Zao Xuan, chess Pavilion, library and other buildings, the front door of the year was hung with a gold plaque of "brave Marquis", and on the granite platform in front of the door were the dragon and Phoenix flag of the Qing Dynasty, the Shuai flag of the Xiang army, and the umbrella of ten thousand people. Although the whole building has the scale of the Marquis's mansion, it is simple and elegant. Although there are carved beams and painted buildings, it is not magnificent. It basically reflects Zeng Guofan's intention that "the house is not beautiful, but it needs a variety of bamboo and cypress, and more vegetable gardens, that is to say, it takes up four mu, and it is no harm.". In the autumn of 1866, when the main building was completed, Zeng Guofan's wife, children and daughter-in-law returned home to live in Futuo new house.

Zeng Guofan's grandfather Zeng Xinggang built a field house in Baiyangping in Heye, and also a field house in the lower part of Heye. When his father and uncle separated, they were in xiayaoli (now Liangjiang village, Heye town), which became Zeng Guofan's second former residence. It used to be an ordinary farmhouse with one entrance and two horizons. Later, four tile roofed houses with one entrance and two horizons were expanded. It was named "Golden Hall" to correspond to "white jade hall" of my uncle's family. As early as the 13th year of Daoguang (1833 AD), after Zeng Guofan entered the county school, he opened the four new houses as "tingyuxuan" and wrote the big character "tingyuxuan" on the door. In September of the second year of Xianfeng (1852 AD), his mother, Mrs. Jiang Tai, died of illness. He returned home and opened a hanging hall for his mother here. With only one lunch, there were more than 240 guests, which were held in three times. Five of his brothers felt disrespectful, so they were eager to buy Tianyu. After the victory over the Taiping army, the Zeng family "opened Nanjing to foreign wealth" and started construction in their hometown. First, in 1859, Zeng Guoquan built the "dafudi" in Daping (now belonging to Daping village of Heye town), and built a Futuo manor. Then there was Zeng Guofan's construction of the "brave Marquis" Fu Hou Tang in Fu Tuo.

Detailed introduction

Fu Hou Tang faces north from the south, surrounded by the half moon shaped Aoyu mountain from the southeast to the West. From a distance, Fu Hou Tang seems to be sitting in a chair. The surrounding natural environment is beautiful, with dense trees and towering ancient trees on the back mountain. In front of the gate is a relatively open flat land. In the flat land, there is a small river flowing eastward. There are many peaks and mountains around the flat land.

Fu Hou Tang, the third former residence of Zeng Guofan, was built by his younger brothers Zeng Guoquan and Zeng guohuang. In the third year of Tongzhi, Zeng Guofan was awarded the title of crown prince and first-class marquis. His younger brother imitated the regulation of Marquis's office. After several years, he transformed Futuo into a grand and compact Marquis's office. The house covers an area of more than 40000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 10000 square meters. Civil structure, with the architectural style of Ming and Qing Dynasties corridor. The house faces east in the West. In front of it is a vast field, surrounded by a trickle of water. It is backed by a half moon shaped hill, with bamboo and wood planted in it. It is evergreen all the year round. Surrounded by tall walls, pedestrian thoroughfare across the East and West. Entering the East and West gates of the two houses is a half moon shaped terrace paved with granite. Beside the terrace are the Qing dragon and Phoenix banners

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