Suifenhe City

Suifen River

synonym

Suifenhe City generally refers to Suifenhe (county level city under the jurisdiction of Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province)

Suifenhe City belongs to Mudanjiang city of Heilongjiang Province. Suifenhe City was known as "Lubin River" in Tang Dynasty, "Su Bin River" and "Ji pin River" in Jin Dynasty, "Su pin River" and "Ji pin River" in Ming Dynasty, and "Suifenhe River" in Qing Dynasty. Suifenhe City is named after Suifenhe river. Suifenhe river is a beautiful border mountain city, bordering Russia's coastal border area in the East. The border line is 27 kilometers long, covering an area of 460 square kilometers, with a total population of 69607. Suifenhe town and Funing town are under its jurisdiction.

Suifenhe is not only an important window and bridge for Northeast China to open to the outside world and participate in the international division of labor, but also an important node city to undertake the two major strategies of revitalizing northeast China and developing the Far East of Russia. It is known as the "golden channel" connecting Northeast Asia and going to the Asia Pacific region.

In 2013, Suifenhe City was officially approved by the State Council as China's first pilot city to use rubles. This is the first time since the founding of new China that a foreign currency is allowed to perform the same function as a sovereign currency in a specific field of China.

In November 2018, it was listed in the "2018 list of China's 100 happy counties".

Historical evolution

Four or five thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese nation lived in Suifenhe.

In the Tang Dynasty, Suifenhe area was subordinate to Huazhou, the binfu Prefecture of Bohai State. In Ming Dynasty, it was under the command of nuergandu, and the envoy led binjiangwei.

In 1860, the signing of the Sino Russian Treaty of Beijing made Suifenhe a border area.

In 1897, the Middle East Railway was started. Part of Suifenhe area was designated as a railway subsidiary, and the Middle East Railway Authority was in charge. The other part was attached to Suifenhe hall in 1903.

After Dongning county was established in 1913, it was subordinate to Dongning county.

In 1921, the Northeast authorities regained the administrative power of the Middle East Railway affiliated area, and the former railway affiliated area was assigned to the East Province special region, belonging to the third region.

Suifenhe City was established in 1926.

After the liberation of Suifenhe area in 1945, it was subordinate to Suiyang County.

In 1948, it was subordinate to Dongning County, until 1968, Suifenhe district was established, which was subordinate to Mudanjiang area.

In 1975, it was approved by the State Council as a provincial city under separate planning.

In 1988, it was approved by the provincial Party committee and the provincial government as a pilot zone for promoting border trade.

In 1992, it was approved by the State Council as one of the first batch of open cities along the border.

In 1997, Sino Russian diplomatic exchange approved the establishment of Sino Russian Suisse Poland trade zone. Suifenhe City has jurisdiction over two towns, mutual trade zone and border economic cooperation zone.

In June 1999, the Chinese and Russian governments approved the establishment of the Sino Russian "Suifenhe bogranitch" trade zone.

At the annual meeting of China Wood Industry and the third China (Putian) wood industry investment and Trade Fair held on April 8, 2007, Suifenhe City was awarded the honorary title of "capital of China wood industry" by the National Wood Circulation Association.

In June 2011, with the approval of the provincial Party committee and the provincial government, Suifenhe City was directly managed by Heilongjiang Province, and was granted the economic and social management authority of the municipal government under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province.

In 2017, with the approval of the provincial Party committee and the provincial government, Suifenhe City was no longer directly managed by Heilongjiang Province.

administrative division

Suifenhe City has jurisdiction over two towns, namely Suifenhe town and Funing town. The people's Government of Suifenhe City is located at No.1 Changjiang Road, Suifenhe town.

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geographical environment

geographical position

Suifenhe river is located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province, with the geographical coordinates of 44 ° 23 'n and 131 ° 9' e. it borders on the most developed coastal border area in the Far East of Russia, with a border line of 27.5 km. Suifenhe City is located in the center of Northeast Asia economic circle, and is one of the land trade ports leading to the sea of Japan in China.

climate

Suifenhe has a continental monsoon climate. In 2012, the annual average temperature in the urban area was 2.4 ℃, the highest temperature was 30.7 ℃, the lowest was - 28.1 ℃, the frost free period was 162 days, the annual total precipitation was 782.5 mm, and the days with good air were about 300 days.

rivers

The reserves of groundwater are 11.1512 million cubic meters, accounting for 20.1% of the total water resources. Suifen river has two sources, the small SUISU River in the North originates from taipingling in Dongning County, and the big SUISU River in the South originates from Laoyeling in Wangqing County, Jilin Province. The two towns, which originated in Dongning County, converged about 3km downstream, and then flowed eastward to Dongning Town, entered the plain area, then into the Soviet Union and southward into the sea of Japan.

With the Dasui Su River as the upper source, it is 443 km long, including 258 km in the national territory; the main stream is 61 km long in China, and the Sino Russian boundary river is 2 km long. The total drainage area is 17321 square kilometers, including 10059 square kilometers in China.

natural resources

Resources and products

The main underground mineral deposits in Suifenhe are zeolite, ferrochrome and cinnabar. The occurrence of laumontite in zeolite is widely distributed and has considerable reserves. The land reclamation area is 55908 mu, with the reclamation rate of 8.8%, which is lower than that of 10.4% in the whole country and 18.5% in the whole province.

Forest resources

The forest coverage rate was 45.87%, 10.86 percentage points higher than that of the whole province. The main tree species were pine, birch, Tilia, oak, elm, poplar, willow, maple, Juglans mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica, etc., and the volume of active trees was 991450 cubic meters. The wild plant resources with high economic value mainly include rose, Vitis amurensis, strawberry, bracken, daylily, Osmunda japonica, astragalus, Schisandra chinensis, Gentianaceae, acanthopanax senticosus, Paeonia lactiflora, Fritillaria, lily, bupleurum, Platycodon grandiflorum, Atractylodes lancea, Leonurus japonicus, Dilong, Auricularia auricula, mushroom, etc.

Animal resources

Wild animal resources mainly include tiger, bear, wild boar, red deer, wolf, fox, raccoon dog, badger, roe deer, roe deer, yellow weasel, otter, pheasant, flying dragon, sand half chicken, snake, frog, etc. By the 1980s, large mammals were rare.

Water resources

Suifen river is a mountainous river with rapid flow. The average annual precipitation in the basin is 500mm, and the precipitation from May to August accounts for 65% of 2012. Spring, summer and autumn become the flood season.

The annual variation of runoff is large, and the difference between high flow and low flow is 10.8 times. The annual average discharge of Dongning station is 41.5 m3 / s, equivalent to 1.31 billion m3. The surface vegetation of Suifen river basin is luxuriant with high coverage and low sediment content. The annual average freezing time of Suifenhe river is 128 days (from late November to early April of the next year), and the annual average maximum ice thickness is 0.9 M.

There are abundant hydropower resources with large natural drop, and the theoretical reserve is 139000 kW. Many small power stations have been built in the upper and middle reaches, but a large amount of hydropower resources still need to be developed and utilized. There are beach fish, salmon, fin fish and other specialties in the river.

Population nationality

nation

In 2012, the main ethnic groups in Suifenhe were Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Korean and Hui.

population

In 2018, the registered residence population was 69607. Among them, the urban population is 59031, and the rural population is 10576. The male population is 34742, accounting for 49.9%; the female population is 34865, accounting for 50.1%. There are 11618 people under 18 years old, 16282 people between 18 and 34 years old, 31942 people between 35 and 59 years old and 9765 people over 60 years old. The birth rate is 5.3 ‰, the death rate is 1.6 ‰, and the natural growth rate is 3.7 ‰.

Economic situation

comprehensive

The GDP of Suifenhe City reached 11.13 billion yuan, an increase of 14.3% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 60 million yuan, an increase of 6.8%; the added value of the secondary industry was 1.6 billion yuan, an increase of 14.3%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 9.47 billion yuan, an increase of 14.3%. The three industrial structure is 0.6:14.3:85.1, and the contribution rates of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries to GDP growth are 0.1%, 9.3% and 90.6% respectively. Suifenhe's per capita GDP reached 165066 yuan (registered residence population), an increase of 18.8% over the previous year.

The overall revenue was 1305.79 million yuan (excluding funds), an increase of 8.5% over the previous year. Among them, the public budget revenue was 404.11 million yuan, down 17.0%; the public budget revenue was 901.68 million yuan, up 25.9%. In 2012, the total tax revenue of Suifenhe City was 870.63 million yuan, a decrease of 0.8%. Among them, national tax revenue was 324.17 million yuan, down 7.7%; local tax revenue was 546.46 million yuan, up 3.7%.

The CPI of Suifenhe City increased by 1.6% over the previous year. Among them, the price of service items increased by 1.1%, and the price of consumer goods increased by 8.5%. In terms of classification, it presents the pattern of "five rises and three levelings"

Chinese PinYin : Sui Fen He Shi