Four Girls Mountain

Siguniang mountain scenic spot

synonym

Siguniang mountain generally refers to the scenic spot of Siguniang mountain

Siguniang mountain scenic spot is located in Siguniang mountain town, Xiaojin County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. It is located in Qionglai mountains of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, 220 km away from Chengdu. Siguniang mountain is adjacent to Wolong National Nature Reserve, and its geographical coordinates are between 102 ° 42 ′ 30 ″ - 102 ° 58 ′ 40 ″ E and 30 ° 54 ′ 16 ″ - 31 ° 16 ′ 21 ″ n.

The core scenic spots of Siguniang mountain scenic spot are shuangqiaogou, changpinggou, Haizigou, yaouniang mountain (yaomeifeng), sanguniang mountain, erguniang mountain and daguniang mountain. Siguniang mountain is steep and has developed modern glaciers. There are 52 snow peaks at an altitude of more than 5000 meters, with snow all the year round and modern mountain glaciers. The main peak of Siguniang mountain is 6250 meters above sea level. It is the highest peak of Qionglai mountains, the second highest in Sichuan, and the third highest in Hengduan Mountains.

Siguniang mountain scenic spot is a world natural heritage site, a national scenic spot, a national geopark, a National Nature Reserve, a world heritage site of Sichuan Giant Panda habitat, and one of the top ten mountaineering mountains in China.

Development history

In 1994, Siguniang mountain was rated as a national key scenic spot.

In 1995 and 1996, Siguniang mountain was established as a national scenic spot and nature reserve with the approval of the State Council.

In 1996, a total of 1375.85 square kilometers of Siguniang mountain scenic area and Jiajin mountain were listed as national nature reserves.

In 2005, Siguniang mountain scenic spot was designated as National Geopark.

In July 2006, Siguniang mountain scenic spot was approved by UNESCO as part of the world natural heritage of giant panda habitat in Sichuan, China.

In 2003, the people's Government Office of Aba Prefecture determined that the administration of Siguniangshan National Nature Reserve is a county-level institution with independent legal personality and belongs to public welfare institution.

geographical environment

Geomorphological features

Siguniang mountain is located in the eastern edge of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, which is the first step of Chinese geomorphology. It belongs to the transition zone from Sichuan basin to Qinghai Tibet Plateau

The structure belongs to the Songpan Ganzi fold belt in the geosynclinal region of China, and the geomorphic division belongs to the Western Sichuan Plateau, the subarea of Alpine Canyon, and the subarea of Alpine Canyon in the middle reaches of Dadu River. The main geomorphic types are: dry and warm valley (semi-arid Valley) landform, alpine landform and extremely Alpine landform. The surface of Siguniang mountain is mainly composed of Mesozoic and Paleozoic Sandstone, slate, marble, limestone and crystalline limestone.

Siguniang mountain is steep and has developed modern glaciers. There are 52 snow peaks at an altitude of more than 5000 meters, with snow all the year round and modern mountain glaciers. The main peak of Siguniang mountain is 6250 meters above sea level. It is the highest peak of Qionglai mountains, the second highest in Sichuan, and the third highest in Hengduan Mountains.

Climatic characteristics

The scenic area of Siguniang mountain has a subtropical monsoon climate. Due to the great difference of terrain height in the area, with the change of altitude, the mountain climate changes significantly. From the wori Valley in the southwest corner of the reserve to the top of the main peak, a complex vertical climate band spectrum is formed, showing the vertical distribution of temperate zone, cold temperate zone, sub cold zone, cold zone and permafrost zone. The annual average temperature in the reserve is 5.9 ℃, the average temperature at the top of Siguniang mountain is 17.1 ℃, and the frost free period is 78 days. The dry rainy season is obvious in the area, and the distribution of precipitation season and region is uneven. The annual rainfall is 931.5mm. The percentage of sunshine is as high as 51%, and the annual average sunshine hours is 2265 hours.

natural resources

Animal resources

There are about 46 species of mammals in Siguniang mountain, belonging to 7 orders and 20 families; 7 species of fish, belonging to 2 orders and 3 families; 74 species of birds, belonging to 3 orders and 27 families. There are 31 species of national protected animals, including 11 species of national first-class animals: 7 species of mammals, including giant panda, golden monkey, forest musk deer, white lipped deer, takin, leopard and snow leopard; 4 species of birds, including vulture, spotted tailed hazelnut, pheasant and green tailed pheasant; 22 species of national second-class protected animals, including macaque, jackal, black bear, brown bear, red panda, yellow throated mink, stone mink, otter, forest musk deer, red deer and gazelle The birds include blood pheasant, alpine vulture, pheasant quail, Tibetan eared pheasant, Tibetan snow pheasant, grey forest bird, red bellied horned pheasant, etc.

plant resources

Siguniang mountain area belongs to the coniferous forest zone of high mountain and gorge in Western Sichuan. The vegetation in turn includes semi-arid Valley vegetation such as Seabuckthorn and sparse shrub, mountain evergreen coniferous forest (dark coniferous forest), deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, subalpine shrub meadow zone, and sparse vegetation of Alpine rocky beach. According to statistics, there are more than 120 families, about 500 genera and more than 1200 species of higher plants. There are 4 species of national class II key protected wild plants, such as Sequoia sempervirens, Picea maidiao, monocotyledon and sinopodophylla.

Main attractions

Daguniang mountain

Daguniang mountain is located in the southernmost part of Siguniang mountain scenic spot, with an altitude of 5355 meters. Below 4000 meters, there are mostly alpine meadows. At the bottom, there are shrub forests and wild flowers everywhere. Yaks and horses raised by herdsmen can be seen everywhere. There are wild mushrooms as big as bowls and basins on the mountain, but they are not easy to find. Above 4000 meters, there is no grass, rippled rocks and extremely hard. There is a small amount of snow on the top of the mountain in summer. It snows from October to next April, and the snow on the mountain can be more than knee high.

Erguniang mountain

Erguniang mountain is located in the south of Siguniang mountain scenic spot, adjacent to daguniang mountain, with an altitude of 5454 meters. It is located at the junction of Xiaojin county and Wenchuan County in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, and is the peak of Qionglai mountain in Hengduan Mountain area. Every summer in erguniang mountain, there are green trees and green grass all over the mountain. On the mountain, you can see the rare animals living in the gorge area of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and you can find many precious Chinese herbal medicines produced in Tibetan areas. The peak of erguniang mountain is steep and narrow with snow all the year round.

Three girls mountain

Sanguniang mountain, located in the middle of Siguniang mountain scenic spot, is 5664 meters above sea level and about 200 kilometers west of Chengdu. Sanguniang mountain scenic spot has beautiful scenery, complex landforms and rich animal and plant resources, among which giant panda is the most famous, and Tibetan and Qiang ethnic cultures. The peak of sanguniang mountain is sharp and steep. The peak is as narrow as a castle, and there is snow all the year round. Wolong Nature Reserve, the world conservation Giant Panda Research Center, is located in sanguniang mountain scenic spot.

Yao Meifeng

Yaomei peak, located in the northernmost part of Siguniang mountain scenic spot, is 6250 meters above sea level, second only to Gongga Mountain, which is known as "king of Shu mountain", and known as "Queen of Shu mountain" and "Oriental holy mountain".

Shuangqiaogou

Shuangqiaogou, located in the northwest of Siguniang mountain scenic spot, has a total length of 34.8 kilometers and an area of 216.6 square kilometers. There are mountains on both sides of the gully. In shuangqiaogou, 400 meters above sea level, there are not only birch forests, Poplar Forests and maple forests common in low mountain areas, but also spruce, fir and redwood forests in high belt, as well as seabuckthorn, shrub and larch forests.

Changping Valley

Changpinggou, located in the northeast of Siguniang mountain scenic spot, is one of the main scenic spots of Siguniang mountain with a total length of 29 kilometers and an area of about 100 square kilometers. The valley not only has beautiful natural scenery, but also has unique Jiarong Tibetan ethnic customs. The main scenic spots are Zhangmu Tibetan village, gelupai Lama Temple, Gubai Youdao, kushutan, Jingxin cave, washen pool, leigushi, Jinjiling, etc.

Haizigou

Haizigou, located in the east of Siguniang mountain scenic spot, is named "Haizigou" for its numerous Haizi. The gully is 19.2km long and covers an area of 126.48km2. The scenic spot is open and flat with native meadow. This is the birthplace of the zanla river. Ancient fishes from the Quaternary period of the earth have been preserved and become living fossils for people to understand this land. The main tourist attractions in the ditch are guozhuangping, Dahaizi, huahaizi, husband and wife sea, etc.

Honors

In 1982, Yaomei mountain, one of the four famous scenic spots in Siguniang mountain, was rated as one of the first ten famous mountaineering mountains open to the outside world in China.

In 1994, Siguniang mountain scenic spot was listed as a national key scenic spot.

In 1996, Siguniang mountain was listed as a national nature reserve.

In 2000, the scenic spot of Siguniang mountain became one of the first batch of AAAA tourist areas in China.

In 2001, Siguniang mountain scenic spot was rated as national AAAA scenic spot.

In 2005, Siguniang mountain scenic spot was approved as a national geopark.

In 2006, Siguniang mountain scenic spot was listed as the world heritage of Sichuan Giant Panda habitat.

In 2014, Siguniangshan National Nature Reserve won the title of "national science base of environmental protection".

Cultural Activity

special snacks

Butter

Butter is a kind of dairy products, which is made from cattle and sheep

Chinese PinYin : Si Gu Niang Shan