Geleshan martyrs cemetery

Geleshan revolutionary martyrs cemetery is composed of the former site of baigongguan prison, the former site of zhazidong prison, the former site of the general office of the Sino US cooperation Institute, the site of Songlinpo massacre corpse pit, and the "11.27" martyrs cemetery. In 1999, hongyanhun square was built.

This is the headquarters, radio station and prison of the military investigation and Statistics Bureau of the Kuomintang during the period of the Kuomintang government, and the former site of the Sino US Institute for special technical cooperation. The "November 27" political massacre in 1949 also took place here.

There are more than 800 houses here. A large area of land, including zhazidong, Meiyuan, Yangjiaping, zaoshichang, baigongguan, wulingguan, hongluchang, Wangjiayuan, xiongjiayuan, xiaoyanggongqiao, zhugongguan, buyunqiao, LANYA, etc., is zoned as a forbidden area. The surrounding area is completely blocked by blockhouses, sentry boxes and barbed wire. No one can pass through. In the "special zone", there are more than 20 prisons, including zhazidong and baigongguan. The tomb, Monument and exhibition hall of the martyrs in Geleshan were built in 1954 and renamed in 1984.

Chongqing Geleshan martyrs cemetery

synonym

Geleshan martyrs cemetery generally refers to Chongqing Geleshan martyrs cemetery

Chongqing Geleshan martyrs cemetery is located in the northwest of Chongqing. It is located in the former site of Chongqing concentration camp (1939-1949) and Sino US Institute for special technology cooperation (1943-1946) of Kuomintang "juntong" spy, and the place where the 1949 "November 27" political massacre took place. In 1954, a martyr's cemetery and a martyr's memorial tower were built. In 1956, it was designated as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. In 1963, the exhibition hall was built and opened to the public. It was named the exhibition hall of the crimes of the United States and Chiang Kai Shek in the Chongqing concentration camp of the Sino US cooperation Institute. It was renamed in 1984.

Venue introduction

Geleshan martyrs cemetery is located at the foot of Geleshan in Shapingba District,

It is the headquarters, radio station and prison of the "military investigation and Statistics Bureau of the Kuomintang" (hereinafter referred to as "military bureau") during the period of the Kuomintang government. At the end of World War II, the "Institute for special technology cooperation between China and the United States" was established here. The tomb, Monument and exhibition hall of the martyrs in Geleshan were built in 1954 and renamed in 1984. It was renamed in July 1984. The "China US Institute for special technology cooperation" is about 7 kilometers long from east to west and 10 kilometers long from vertical to horizontal. All around this "special zone" are completely blocked by blockhouses, sentries and wire, and no one can pass through. It is nominally under the guise of the joint spy war between China and the United States against Japan and the exchange of intelligence between China and the United States. As a matter of fact, it was an organization that trained fascist executioners and carried out a large number of searches and persecutions on Chinese Communists and anti Japanese Democrats. During the reign of the Kuomintang, it was a hell on earth where revolutionaries were imprisoned and killed. After the "Southern Anhui Incident", general Ye Ting, commander of the New Fourth Army, was imprisoned here. Famous Communists Luo Shiwen, Che Yaoxian and Jiang Zhuyun, patriotic generals Yang Hucheng and Huang Xiansheng were killed here.

On November 27, 1949, on the eve of the withdrawal of the Kuomintang regime from the mainland, the Kuomintang massacred more than 300 revolutionaries who were imprisoned here, creating a "one two seven" massacre that shocked China and foreign countries. After liberation, factories, farms and schools were set up in this "special zone". The two prisons in Yuanping, baigongguan and zhazidong, have been opened up as exhibition halls, displaying the objects and pictures of that year. Today, millions of tourists come here every year to visit and pay homage to the martyrs.

In 1955, Chongqing Municipal People's government built a martyr cemetery and monument, covering an area of 698 square meters. In 1956, the people's Government of Sichuan Province designated it as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. In 1963, the exhibition hall of the crimes of Chiang Kai Shek and the United States of America of Chongqing Institute for Sino US cooperation was established, which restored the original appearance of Bai mansion and zhazidong. In 1985, it was renamed Chongqing Geleshan revolutionary martyrs cemetery. In 1988, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. In 1993, Chongqing Geleshan revolutionary memorial hall was added.

In 1996, Chongqing Geleshan revolutionary martyrs cemetery was awarded the title of "national patriotic education base for primary and secondary schools" by the six ministries and commissions of the Central Committee; in 1997, it was listed as one of the 100 national patriotic education demonstration bases by the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee.

Main attractions

Sino US cooperation Institute parade ground

Entering the camp gate of the cemetery, the first thing you can see is the parade ground of the former Sino US cooperation Institute. The former parade ground is now a beautiful green belt. The large relief immortal is located in the east of the parade ground. The revolutionary martyrs' spirit of bravery and unyielding in front of the enemy is always admired by the people: "the great cause of Hongyan is cherished in history, and the heroic spirit inspires future generations.

General Exhibition Hall

To the north of the relief is the exhibition hall, covering an area of 1159 square meters. The basic display is the historical facts exhibition of the "SACO" concentration camp, with 490 pictures, 108 objects and half scenes of the "1-1-2-7" massacre, revealing the details of the KMT's military unification concentration camp and the SACO

The inside story vividly and fully introduces the heroic and unyielding deeds of revolutionary martyrs such as Yang Hucheng, Ye Ting, Jiang Zhuyun, Luo Shiwen, Che Yaoxian, etc. for the establishment of new China.

Bai's residence

It was originally a villa of Sichuan warlord Baiju in the suburb of Shapingba, Chongqing. In the 1930s, he built it to raise his concubine. In 1938, the military Bureau bought it with 30 taels of gold. In 1939, juntong changed it into a detention center directly under the headquarters of juntong Bureau, which is called juntong Chongqing detention center. It is mainly used to detain political prisoners who are considered by the Kuomintang government to be of higher rank. After the establishment of SACO in 1943, the prisoners in Bai mansion were moved to zhazidong. The white mansion was renamed as the third guest house of the Sino US cooperation center for American personnel. After the end of the Second World War, the Sino US cooperation center was abolished, and the American personnel returned home. Only then did the white mansion return to be a detention center. In addition, the juntong merged the juntong concentration camp, Xifeng prison, wanglongmen detention center, and zhazidong detention center in the southwest, and established the baigongguan detention center, later known as the detention center of the Ministry of National Defense Security Bureau.

On the wall of the courtyard of the white mansion were written slogans such as "if you want to be loyal, if you want to make up for your mistakes", "if you want to be right, you should not pay attention to your interests, if you want to be clear, you should not pay attention to your merits". The original underground storage room was changed into a dungeon, the original air raid shelter into a torture room, and the house into a cell. Bai's residence once held Huang Xiansheng, Zhou Junshi, President of Tongji University, Liao Chengzhi, song Qiyun, a member of the Communist Party of China, Xu Linxia and his wife, and their young son, Xiao luotou, and so on. At most, more than 200 political prisoners were held.

Little carrot head

From the movie "eternal life in the fire", many people know a lovely and strong revolutionary little soldier - little luobotou (formerly song Zhenzhong). Under the extremely difficult conditions in prison, he worked hard to learn the knowledge of science and culture. His yellow clay chalk and the exercise book made of straw paper caused countless visitors to stop here and ponder: how happy children are today, and how they can sit in the spacious and bright classroom and learn cultural knowledge. And all of this is the blood and life of countless revolutionary martyrs. How can we not cherish the beautiful and happy today? At that time, little luobotou, his parents Xu Linxia and his wife, General Huang Xiansheng, Chen Ran and other revolutionary martyrs were detained in baigongguan prison. The martyrs fought indefatigably in prison, leaving behind a lot of lamentable stories. Martyr Zhou Conghua's poem "failure to plaster the loess, success to help the common people" in his cell shows that he still maintained his firm belief in the revolutionary cause and his incomparable loyalty to the party under the cruel and inhuman torture.

Songlinpo

Behind the white mansion is Songlinpo, where the famous Anti Japanese General Yang Hucheng was killed. Visitors continue to see the infamous "refuse cave" prison. In 1947, Jiang Zhuyun (sister Jiang), he Xuesong, Hu Qifen, Cai Mengwei and other revolutionaries arrested in the "June 1" general arrest, the armed uprising of the small democratic revolution, the "march forward" incident in 1948, and the armed uprising of shangxiachuandong were detained here. At most, more than 300 people were detained here.

The air in prison was foul and the food was poor. The revolutionary martyrs, under the shackles of torture and the torture of inhuman life, fought tenaciously. Large scale collective struggles, such as memorial service in prison, Spring Festival party and study in prison, greatly inspired the revolutionary's fighting spirit and became a miracle in prison history. On November 27, 1949, on the eve of Chongqing's liberation, the KMT's juntong agents carried out a crazy massacre on the revolutionaries who were waiting for the dawn. The revolutionary martyrs wrote the most tragic revolutionary song with their blood.

Hongyan heroic, which is a heroic title with epic characteristics of the times. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, with the great ambition of saving the country and the people, they showed the noble feelings of revolutionaries who would rather die than surrender and treat death as if they were going home for a common revolutionary goal and under the crazy butcher's knife of the enemy. The heroic spirit of being resolute and resolute at the time of execution has set a model for the Communist Party members and the people for generations. Their blood ushered in the birth of new China, and their heroic poems composed with precious lives will always be recorded in the history of China's revolution. Their dedication to the revolutionary cause will always spur and inspire us forward!

Cinder Cave

Zhazidong is located at Ciqikou and wulingguan at the foot of Gele Mountain in the suburb of Chongqing. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing ditches on one side. The terrain is hidden. Since 1938, it has been transformed into a secret prison by the secret service of the Kuomintang, which is specially used to detain and persecute revolutionaries. Zhazidong is divided into inner courtyard and outer courtyard, inner courtyard

Chinese PinYin : Ge Le Shan Lie Shi Ling Yuan