Fushi reservoir

Fushi reservoir

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Fushi reservoir is located in Anji County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. It was built in 1970. The dam is 42.8 meters high and 446 meters long, with high mountains at both ends. The dam crest is 92.8 meters above sea level, with a storage capacity of 217 million cubic meters and a water depth of 28 meters. It is a large (second) type reservoir mainly for flood control, combined with comprehensive utilization of irrigation and power generation.

Evolution of construction

In 1928, Wang Huzhen, a famous water conservancy expert, and his colleagues made a field survey and jointly signed a report, believing that Xitiaoxi was the source of Taihu Lake and the lifeblood of farmland. In order to promote the benefits and eliminate the disadvantages, this paper puts forward the theory of "storage in the upper reaches and discharge in the lower reaches". It is suggested that the flood elimination dock (flood control reservoir) should be built in the valley of the upper reaches of Xixi River, which can not only prevent flood, but also irrigate, and benefit shipping. After that, the water conservancy department of the Republic of China government made two surveys on Xitiao River, worked out the management plan, and proposed to build a reservoir in the upstream Xixi River, but failed.

In the early days of the founding of new China, in order to reduce the flood disaster of Xitiaoxi, Anji County built 152 small and medium-sized reservoirs in mountainous areas. However, the scale of Laoshikan reservoir project in the upper reaches of Nanxi, the main tributary of Xitiaoxi, is too small to play its due role in flood control and drought relief. Xixi is also lack of key control projects, and the flood and drought disasters have not been controlled, resulting in the unstable development of industrial and agricultural production in Anji County.

Jiaxing administrative office, together with Anji County, started construction of Fushi reservoir in December 1958. Later, due to unknown geology and financial difficulties, the project was stopped in May of the next year. In 1961, 1962 and 1963, Anji County suffered from floods for three consecutive years, resulting in serious economic losses on both sides of Xitiaoxi River and downstream areas. Therefore, improving the flood prevention capacity of Xitiaoxi and rebuilding Fushi reservoir have been put on the agenda of the government.

In 1964, Zhejiang Provincial Department of water resources and electric power organized engineering and technical personnel to plan and select the dam site and dam type of Fushi reservoir again, and designated Zhejiang Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute to be responsible for the project design.

On July 27, 1970, Anji County Revolutionary Committee reported to Zhejiang provincial Revolutionary Committee in document NO.160 of an'ge Zi, requesting the construction of Fushi reservoir. On September 11, 1971, the provincial Revolutionary Committee approved the construction with Zhege livelihood Document No. 137.

The project started in September 1972. Jiaxing area organizes the masses of Anji, Changxing and Wuxing counties to carry out the construction in combination with the professional construction team of Zhejiang Hydropower Engineering Bureau. During the construction period, the construction stopped for a time because of the objection of which dam type should be adopted. After Yuan Zijun and other comrades of the Ministry of water and electricity visited the construction site for investigation and study, technical personnel of relevant units of the Ministry and the province were organized to make scientific argumentation and unify their understanding. On July 28, 1972, the Ministry of water and electricity issued a document to confirm that the reservoir dam is still a sand shell dam with clay core, and the construction will continue. Due to the spirit of arduous struggle carried forward by cadres, masses and workers, the reservoir area resettlement took the overall situation into consideration, and the relevant parties cooperated and supported closely. The whole project, including the dam protection project added in the construction, and the yakengwu flood diversion sluice jointly operated with Laoshikan reservoir, was finally completed in June 1980. By the Provincial Department of water resources organization acceptance, was rated as a high-quality project, put into use.

geographical environment

climate

The basin belongs to the north subtropical monsoon region, with mild climate and abundant rainfall. The annual average rainfall (Xiaofeng station) is 1450 mm. The non flood season is from the middle of October to the middle of April of the next year. From the middle of April to the middle of July, due to the intersection of cold and warm air masses in the Yangtze River Basin, the rainy season is commonly known as Meiyu period. Fushi reservoir is located 20 kilometers west of the town entrance of Dipu, known as "the first reservoir in Northern Zhejiang". The climate in the basin is mild and humid, with an average annual rainfall of 1450 mm at Xiaofeng station.

geology

The rocks in the basin are mostly impermeable or weakly permeable sand shale. There are limestone and calcareous shale distributed in Tanghe village and xinqiaotou area, with thin layer and sand shale interlayer. The mountain is wide and thick, and the elevation is above 200m. There is no leakage in the reservoir area. The strike of the rock layer along the Bank of the reservoir area is inclined to the valley, generally between 30 and 40 degrees, and the bank slope is stable. In the high mountain area at the junction of Zhejiang and Anhui, there is a large area of weathered granite. Whenever the rainy season or mountain torrent breaks out, a large number of particles pour into the reservoir, increasing the reservoir sedimentation. The rock outside the dam site is mainly siliceous fine sandstone intercalated with thin shale. The faults on the right dam abutment are mostly small faults or fractured zones with a width of 0.2-0.3m. The strike is mostly oblique to the dam axis and extends into the reservoir. Except for faults, joints are developed. The rocks on the left abutment are semi weathered, about 4-4.5m thick, and the strike is roughly parallel to the dam axis.

Basin characteristics

Xitiaoxi flows through Tangpu, Ancheng, Meixi, fanjiacun (Changxing) and Huzhou to Taihu Lake, with a total length of 145 kilometers and a drainage area of 2260 square kilometers. Xixi is the main stream in the upper reaches of Xitiaoxi. It passes through Yaocun, hanglong, Xiwei, chiwu and Zhuanshan to Changtan, Liuzhuang village, Dipu Town, where it joins Nanxi. Fushi reservoir controls a drainage area of 331 square kilometers. The river basin is slightly rectangular, 25 km long and 13 km wide on average. Most of the basin is mountainous area, and a small part is hilly area, with less plains. The rivers above the dam site are all mountain streams, and the longitudinal slope of the river is slightly gentle below the Xixu, with a gradient of 2.23% o

The reservoir has a catchment area of 331 square kilometers, with an average annual runoff of 282 million cubic meters and a total storage capacity of 218 million cubic meters. Among them, the capacity of flood diversion reservoir is 131 million cubic meters, and the capacity of Xingli reservoir is 89 million cubic meters. The reservoir can retain the flood with a return period of 20 years, and is designed according to the flood with a return period of 100 years (404mm Rainstorm on 3 days). Check according to the possible maximum flood (3-day rainstorm 940 mm). The water quality of the reservoir area is class II, which is the main water source of Anji County.

Project scale

The reservoir dam is a sand shell dam with clay core, with a height of 43.2m and a crest length of 446m. The water conveyance tunnel is composed of a flood discharge tunnel and a power generation diversion adit. The maximum flood discharge is 360 cubic meters per second, and the power generation diversion flow is 20.7 cubic meters per second. The open spillway is located at shan'ao, 200m away from the dam head on the left bank of the dam, with a designed maximum discharge of 1580 cubic meters per second. The installed capacity of the Bahou hydropower station is 5400 kW, with an annual generating capacity of 16.74 million kwh. The total length of irrigation channel is 43.2km, and the design flow is 10.9m3/s. Along the way, there are 16 aqueducts, 12 tunnels, 2 inverted siphons, 29 culverts, 29 sluices, 101 bridges, 51 flood discharge structures and 55 branch channel outlets. An'cheng hydropower station with an installed capacity of 2000 kW is also built on the channel, with a designed annual power generation of 6.58 million kwh.

The dam site is located near the axis of the east wing of the Longqianshan zhiganwu syncline. The strike of the rock strata is 50-70 degrees north, and the dip angle is 25-35 degrees east. There is no large fault structure. It is mainly small faults and fracture zones. There are three groups: the NW group, 30-40 degrees north, and 40-50 degrees south-west. The ne group is 25 degrees east to the north and 55 degrees west to the north. NWW group, strike North 75 degrees west, dip northeast, dip 85 degrees. According to the basic seismic intensity table of the State Planning Commission and the Institute of Geophysics, the project area is grade VI.

Reservoir management

Fushi reservoir is one of the four large reservoirs built in Tiaoxi basin of Zhejiang Province, with the highest capacity and dam height. This project is based on the guiding ideology of harnessing flood and waterlogging disasters in Hangjiahu area and developing and utilizing water resources in Tiaoxi. The reservoir is mainly for flood control, combined with irrigation, power generation, breeding and improvement of ecological environment.

After Fushi reservoir has been put into operation, efforts have been made to strengthen management, improve management level, keep pace with the times, adopt new technical means, continuously develop and innovate. Automatic hydrological observation system, automatic dam safety monitoring system, automatic flood forecasting and dispatching system and automatic power station operation system have been established one after another, and the engineering monitoring system has been integrated with hydrological forecasting, storage and discharge system The dispatching system is networked to realize the intelligent management and operation of the reservoir. At the same time, according to the "general rules for reservoir engineering management" and the specific rules and regulations formulated in combination with the actual situation of the reservoir, the maintenance of the project should be carried out in time, so that the engineering equipment is always in a safe, intact and clean state.

Comprehensive benefits

Since it was completed and put into operation in 1977, 14 large floods have been intercepted to ensure 250000 mu of farmland along Xitiaoxi River from flood disaster, 120000 mu of farmland has been irrigated, and the average annual power generation is 16.7 million kwh.

The resort on the bank is facing the clear water and leaning against the green mountains. Yachts and pleasure boats will be set up on the surface of the water for "bamboo raft Tour". At the foot of the dam, there are playgrounds, orange orchards and vineyards. The Bank of the reservoir is a "gifted resort" by the mountain and by the river. The environment is leisurely and comfortable, which is very suitable for urban citizens and students to take a vacation.

Traffic situation

From Anji County to Xiaofeng, there are signs of "Fushi reservoir, Tianzi resort" along the way. The driving time is about 30 minutes.

Address: Fushi reservoir, Xiaofeng Town, Anji County, Huzhou City

Longitude: 119.49854

Latitude: 30.627345

Tel: 0572-5069569

Ticket information: free.

Chinese PinYin : Fu Shi Shui Ku