Pianma

Pianma town

synonym

Pianma generally refers to Pianma town

Pianma town is a town under the jurisdiction of Lushui City, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Its central location is 98 ° 38 E and 26 ° 10 ′ n. It is located in the west of Lushui City, west slope of Gaoligong Mountain and east of Xiaojiang (boundary river between China and Myanmar), a tributary of enmeikai river. It is 24 km long from north to South and 8 km wide from east to west. It is adjacent to luzhang town in the East, Myanmar in the west, South and North. The border line is 64.4 km long. The town government Its location is 96 km from the six banks of the state capital, 731 km from the capital of Kunming, and 244 km from Myitkyina, the main city in northern Burma.

There are 3560 people (2017) in Pianma Town, covering an area of 141 square kilometers, with jurisdiction over four villages and one community. In 2014, the total income of rural economy in Pianma town was 8.2 million yuan, an increase of 15.98% compared with that in 2013; the per capita net income of farmers was 4692 yuan, an increase of 24.3% compared with that in 2013.

Evolution of organizational system

Pianma has belonged to Chinese territory since ancient times, "Pianma" in Jingpo language means "the place of code board". Tang and Song dynasties were the western territory of Nanzhao, and Yuan Dynasty was yunlongdian military and civilian government.

In the fifth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1047), it was under the jurisdiction of Chashan chief secretary, and in the Qing Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of denggeng Tusi of Yongchang Prefecture.

In 1894, the Qing government and the British government signed the Sino British Treaty on the boundary affairs between Yunnan and Myanmar, in which the area of Kuaima was regarded as the undefined boundary.

In the second year of Xuantong (1911), Britain sent troops to occupy Pianma (Pianma incident).

In May 1943, after Japan invaded Myanmar, it occupied the three villages of Kuaima, Gulang and gangfang, including fengxueyakou.

In the spring of 1944, Xie Jinsheng, the first column of the 11th Kuomintang group army in Nujiang, was ordered to cooperate with the expeditionary army and the western Yunnan garrison to counter attack the enemies of Myanmar, Tengchong and Longling. After the recovery of Pianma, Xie set up "military and political Commissioner Office of Chali border region" in Pianma to manage Pianma.

In 1946, the British armed forces attacked Xie Jinsheng's "Office of military and political commissioner" and "Office of Pianma district". Wu ruolong, the commander of the first battalion and the chief of the film and Horse District, and other military and political officials were killed. Xie's Department was forced to withdraw from the film and horse, and the British army seized the film and horse again.

In 1948, Myanmar declared independence and divided the northern section of China and Myanmar into Kachin state, which was actually occupied by Myanmar.

On June 4, 1961, according to the border treaty between the people's Republic of China and the government of the union of Myanmar signed by China and Myanmar, the areas of Pianma, Gulang and gangfang were returned to China. After the return of Pianma, piangugang special zone was set up under the jurisdiction of Lijiang special zone.

In September 1966, piangugang commune was established.

In 1984, piangugang commune was changed into piangugang district.

In 1986, piangugang was renamed as Pianma district.

In 1987, Pianma district was changed to Pianma township.

In 1995, Pianma township was changed to Pianma town.

administrative division

As of 2015, Pianma town has jurisdiction over four villages including Pianma village, Gulang village, gangfang village, piansihe village and one jinglang community. The government is stationed in Pianma village.

geographical environment

Location context

The center of Pianma town is located at 98 ° 38 ′ E and 26 ° 10 ′ n, in the west of Lushui County, on the west slope of Gaoligong Mountain, and to the east of Xiaojiang (China Myanmar boundary river), a tributary of enmeikai river. Pianma town covers an area of 141 square kilometers, 24 kilometers long from north to South and 8 kilometers wide from east to west. It is adjacent to luzhang town in the East, Myanmar in the west, South and North. The border line is 64.4 kilometers long. The town government is located six kilometers away from the state capital It is 96 kilometers, 731 kilometers to the capital of Kunming, and 244 kilometers to the main city of Burma, Myitkyina.

Geology and geomorphology

Pianma town is located in the west slope of the south of Gaoligong Mountain. The stratum is mainly composed of metamorphic granite. The surface of the town is covered with mountains, ravines and rugged terrain. It is easy to form debris flow in case of heavy rainfall.

climate

Due to the special geographical conditions, the climate of Pianma town has the common characteristics of low latitude plateau monsoon climate with small annual temperature difference, large daily temperature, distinct wet seasons and no obvious division of four seasons in Yunnan Province. At the same time, due to the influence of geomorphology and latitude difference, affected by the northward movement of bay of Bengal warm current and subtropical mountain monsoon climate, it has the unique climate characteristics of three-dimensional climate.

Under the influence of the cold wind from the south of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, there is a lot of rainfall. The altitude of the government of Pianma town is 1900 meters, the average annual rainfall is more than 1200 mm, and the average annual temperature is about 14-16 ℃. The climate is characterized by no severe heat in summer and no severe cold in winter, which belongs to temperate climate.

natural resources

Biological resources

As of the end of 2014, there are more than 60000 mu of dense virgin forest in the area under the jurisdiction of Pianma Town, which is an important area of Gaoligong Mountain National Nature Reserve. The forest resources include more than 10 precious tree species, such as teak, pine, spruce, hemlock, Phoebe, Cinnamomum camphora, Taiwania flousiana, Taxus chinensis, and yew, with a storage capacity of more than 2 million cubic meters. It is rich in economic crops such as papaya, plum, caokuo and Auricularia auricula, precious medicinal materials such as Aucklandia, Gastrodia elata and Cordyceps sinensis, and national key protected animals such as takin, Indian tiger, leopard, red bellied pyramid, Green Peacock and Silver Pheasant. Timber reserves exceed 1.5 million cubic meters.

mineral resources

There are gold, lead, zinc, copper and other metal deposits and marble, silica, crystal, coal, zinc and other non-metal deposits in the underground of Pianma town. By the end of 2011, the initially proved reserves of mineral resources had exceeded 123 million tons.

Population nationality

population

By the end of 2011, there were 490 households in Pianma Town, with a population of 1979, including 1023 males and 956 females. Among them, there are 1706 agricultural population and 1181 labor force.

By the end of 2014, there were 546 households with a population of 1856 in Pianma Town, including 697 in 219 households in Pianma village, 430 in 123 households in piansihe village, 351 in 103 households in Gulang village and 378 in 101 households in gangfang village. The highest number of floating temporary residents was more than 30000. The number of rural labor resources is 1152, including 434 in Pianma village, 286 in piansihe village, 221 in Gulang village and 211 in gangfang village. There are 1025 rural employees, including 401 in Pianma village, 254 in piansihe village, 190 in Gulang village and 180 in gangfang village.

The total population is 3560 (2017).

nation

At the end of 2014, there were eight main ethnic groups in Pianma Town, including Jingpo ethnic group (Chashan people and langsu people of Jingpo branch), Lisu ethnic group, Han ethnic group, Lemo ethnic group (Bai branch), Yi ethnic group, nu ethnic group and Naxi ethnic group.

Economics

overview

In 2014, the total income of rural economy in Pianma town was 8.2 million yuan, an increase of 15.98% compared with that in 2013; the per capita net income of farmers was 4692 yuan, an increase of 24.3% compared with that in 2013.

primary industry

In 2011, the total rural economic income of Pianma town was 5.15 million yuan, an increase of 700000 yuan compared with 4.45 million yuan in 2010, with a growth rate of 15.73%; the per capita net income of farmers in 2011 was 2743 yuan, an increase of 363 yuan compared with 2380 yuan in 2010, with a growth rate of 15.84%; The total grain output in 2011 was 708 tons, 10 tons more than 698 tons in 2010, an increase of 1.43%. The per capita grain output was 411 kg, 3 kg more than 408 kg in 2010, an increase of 0.74%.

In 2014, the agricultural income of Pianma town was 1.89 million yuan (including 1.5 million yuan of planting income and 390000 yuan of other agricultural income), an increase of 18.13% compared with 2013; the forestry income was 1.28 million yuan, a decrease of 4.48% compared with 2013; by the end of 2014, the animal husbandry income was 1.9 million yuan, an increase of 13.77% compared with 2013. The fishery income was 2.06 million yuan, the same as that in 2013.

the secondary industry

In 2011, there were 258 township enterprises with 5682 employees in Pianma town. The added value of township enterprises was 108.8 million yuan, and the current total output value was 118.6 million yuan. Mainly for woody oil, animal products, biopharmaceuticals and other characteristics of biological industry processing.

In 2014, the industrial income of Pianma town reached 160000 yuan, an increase of 33.33% compared with that in 2013; the income of construction industry reached 300000 yuan, an increase of 42.86% compared with that in 2013.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In 2011, there were 300 individual businesses with 685 employees in Pianma Town, with an operating income of 312.86 million yuan, a total profit of 12 million yuan and a tax of 13.1 million yuan.

From January to June 2011, the total import and export volume of border trade at Pianma port was 140.12 million yuan, an increase of 41.27 million yuan or 41.8% over 98.85 million yuan in the same period of 2010. Among them, the total import value was 92.72 million yuan, an increase of 19.53% over 73.19 million yuan in the same period

Chinese PinYin : Pian Ma