yahekou reservoir

yahekou reservoir

Yahekou Reservoir in Henan Province is located 40 kilometers north of Nanyang City, in the upper reaches of Baihe River, a tributary of Hanjiang River in the Yangtze River Basin, Southeast of Yuhuang peak of Funiu mountain ridge, and in the hills surrounded by Funiu Mountain and its branches. The dam site is located at the intersection of Yahe River and Nanyang Baihe River, huangludian Town, Yahe work area, Nanyang City, so it is called Yahekou Reservoir. Yahekou Reservoir is a large (I) type reservoir in the upper reaches of Baihe River of Tangbai river system, a tributary of Hanjiang River in the Yangtze River Basin. It is 35 km away from Nanzhao county and 40 km away from Nanyang city. It is the drinking water source of Nanyang city and the main flood control project on Baihe River, a tributary of Hanjiang River

. The reservoir is one of the large reservoirs built according to the planning requirements of Tangbai River Basin, a tributary of Hanjiang River, with a total storage capacity of 1.316 billion cubic meters and a water surface area of about 120 square kilometers. It is a large-scale water conservancy hub mainly for flood control and irrigation, and also for comprehensive utilization of power generation, aquaculture, urban water supply and tourism. It is the largest natural flow irrigation area in Henan Province and one of the top ten irrigation areas in China. The dam project was built in 1958, closed in 1959, impounded in 1960, and carried out the first reinforcement from 1988 to 1992, and the second reinforcement from 2009 to 2011.

The controlled basin area of the reservoir is 3030 square kilometers, with a total storage capacity of 1.32 billion cubic meters and a profitable storage capacity of 745 million cubic meters. The Yahekou Reservoir benefits from the south foot of the east end of Niushan in the north and the junction of Henan and Hubei in the south. It is about 100 km long from north to South and 30 km wide from east to west, with a total area of about 2400 square kilometers and irrigates 35 townships.

In June 2020, it will be included in the list of the third batch of Provincial Hydrological education bases.

geographical environment

Yahekou Reservoir is located 40 kilometers north of Nanyang City, Henan Province, in the upper reaches of Baihe River, a tributary of Hanjiang River in the Yangtze River Basin, Southeast of Yuhuang peak of Funiu mountain ridge, and in the hills surrounded by Funiu Mountain and its branches. The dam site is located at the intersection of Yahe River and Nanyang Baihe River, huangludian Town, Yahe work area, Nanyang City, so it is called Yahekou Reservoir. The total area is about 2400 square kilometers. It irrigates 35 villages and towns. The controlled basin area of the reservoir is 3030 square kilometers, with a total storage capacity of 1.32 billion cubic meters and a profitable storage capacity of 745 million cubic meters.

resources

The total installed capacity of Yahekou Reservoir is 13200 kW, with an average annual power generation of 35 million kwh. Moreover, the Yahekou Reservoir has a fish culture area of 109500 mu, more than 20 kinds of fresh water fish resources, and more than 20000 fish net cages, with an average annual output of 10 million kg.

Yahekou Reservoir is located in the hilly area of the transition from Funiu Mountain to Nanyang basin. There are many forks, pastures, peninsulas or small islands in the reservoir. There are still a small amount of virgin forest on the hills connected by both banks.

Historical evolution

In 1958, the Yangtze River Basin planning office put forward a preliminary design report, which was designed according to the 100 year return period flood and checked according to the 1000 year return period flood, with a total storage capacity of 1.225 billion cubic meters. The dam is a sand shell dam with clay core, 32 meters high, 1400 meters long, and 1 meter high wave wall. The upstream is covered with clay to prevent seepage. There is a sub dam at the left end, which is a homogeneous earth dam with a maximum height of 10m and a length of 300m. A buried pipe water conveyance tunnel is set at both ends of the main dam. The diameter of the left tunnel is 3.5m, and the outlet is connected to the East Main Canal, with a discharge capacity of 25m3 / S; the diameter of the right tunnel is 5m, with a discharge capacity of 75m3 / s.

The main spillway and the auxiliary spillway are on the right side of the dam, and the tailrace channel joins and flows into the Baihe River. The main spillway has a clear width of 48m and a 4-hole sluice gate with a maximum discharge of 3120m3 / s. The auxiliary spillway is open type with a clear width of 200m, and a 3.5m high clay inclined wall is built to block the dam. When the incoming water exceeds the once-in-300-year flood, the dam will be broken to release the flood.

In that year, the Nanyang administrative office established the headquarters of Yahekou Reservoir Project, which organized more than 100000 people from the Ministry of water and electricity, provincial and local construction teams, Nanyang, Nanzhao and other eight counties to carry out construction. It was completed in 1965. The left bank power station was built from 1964 to 1967, and the right bank power station was built in 1981. The total investment of the above projects is 58.93 million yuan. From the winter of 1975 to the spring of 1976, the bottom of the auxiliary spillway was lowered by 6 meters, the height of the inclined wall was changed to 9 meters, and the height of the wave wall was increased by 1 meter. A 24 hole explosive chamber is set up on the top of the dam to block the dam and discharge the flood in case of flood more than once in 300 years. Due to the great threat to the downstream, the Yangtze River Basin planning office compiled the reservoir reinforcement design according to the standard of preventing the maximum possible flood, increased the dam height by 2.5 meters, and built a new 5-hole flood gate. Construction started in 1980 and was postponed due to the adjustment of the national economy. In 1984, because the original design reinforcement standard was too high and the investment was too large, after many studies, the check flood standard was reduced to once in ten thousand years. Instead, the dam was vertically increased by 2 meters, the dam height was 34 meters, and the total storage capacity was 1.316 billion cubic meters. Four new sluice gates are built for the auxiliary spillway, with the maximum discharge capacity of 5480 m3 / s. By 1987, the project had not started yet. Since the completion of the reservoir, there have been 11 times with the peak discharge of 5000 m3 / s. In 1975, there was a flood, with the maximum peak discharge of 11700 cubic meters per second, and the total amount of flood reached 1.02 billion cubic meters. Due to the impoundment of the reservoir, the maximum discharge is only 2290 m3 / s, reducing the flood peak by 80%

And the flood disaster in the lower reaches of the river also makes the railway and highway pass safely. The designed irrigation area of the reservoir is 2.1 million mu, and 1.27 million mu has been brought into full play. The installed capacity of the hydropower station is 11720 kW, with an average annual generating capacity of 33.9 million kwh.

Tourism in the reservoir area

On June 13, 2012, it was renamed Nandu lake with the approval of the Management Committee of Yahe work area in Nanyang city and Yahekou Reservoir Management Bureau. Nandu lake is located in the hilly area of the transition from Funiu Mountain to Nanyang basin. Jiuli mountain, Qingshan mountain, wuduo mountain and many other peaks of Funiu Mountain stand in the northwest. You can enjoy the endless scenery of overlapping peaks when you visit the reservoir or by boat. From time to time, mushroom like slopes rise on the hills on both sides of the river. Patches of trees are reflected in the vast expanse of blue water. The crystal clear blue waves of the lake are set off by blue sky, white clouds and flying bird shadows, making the water green and the two sides colorful. There are more than 20 species of fish and more than 10 species of waterfowl in the reservoir area. Fish swim and birds skim low, which is quite interesting. There are many forks, pastures, peninsulas, or small islands in the reservoir. It is beautiful to use these areas to develop tourism. The dam of the reservoir is more than 3600 meters long and looks like a giant dragon across the lake. The classical pavilions on the top of the dam also provide a good place for people to climb the dam and have a good view of the lake. The forest of pines and cypresses in Bawei is as green as the lake and reservoir. The floodgate, power station, memorial Pavilion and other buildings hidden in the green silk are worth watching. Under the reservoir lies Nanyang Basin, a hundred Li wilderness. The artificial fish ponds nearby, the railway and highway bridges across the Baihe River, and the lotus pool hot spring also add color to the reservoir. Yahekou Reservoir has a beautiful environment and superior location. The Yahekou thermal power plant with an investment of more than 5 billion yuan has been built to generate electricity. Taking advantage of the opportunity of adjacent urban areas and large-scale project construction, the pace of tourism development has been accelerated in recent years. The relevant units have purchased different cruise ships, developed colorful water tourism projects, renovated the gardens under the dam, built tourist hotels and other service facilities, and actively developed peninsulas and shoals, so that their tourism development has begun to take shape.

Address: Nanzhao County, Nanyang City

Longitude: 112.568604

Latitude: 33.328582

Chinese PinYin : Ya He Kou Shui Ku