Songkou ancient town

Songkou ancient town

Songkou ancient town is the first stop for Hakkas to go out of Nanyang after the end of Ming Dynasty. It is also one of the origins of Sun Yat Sen's 1911 Revolution. It is located in Songkou Town, Meixian District, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province. It is located in the northeast of Meixian district and the downstream of Meijiang river. It is close to the provinces of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi.

Songkou ancient town is an important commercial and trade town in history, with the reputation of "not recognizing the state since ancient times". The nearby Songkou port was once the second largest inland port in Guangdong. The ancient town of Songkou is deeply engraved with the brand of Nanyang culture. For example, the streets of Songkou are a combination of Chinese and Western styles, and Western style buildings appeared in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.

Songkou ancient town is one of the places where Hakka ancestors moved from Fujian to Guangdong. Songkou's Hakka folk songs are well-known both at home and abroad. Cultural relics and natural scenery abound. After thousands of years of breeding, it has rich Hakka cultural resources and enjoys the reputation of the hometown of culture, overseas Chinese and folk songs.

geographical position

Songkou ancient town, Meixian District, Meizhou City, is located in the northeast of Meixian District, in the lower reaches of Meijiang river, at the junction of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces, with convenient land and water transportation. Meikan railway, provincial highway s223, s332 and Baidu town to sanheba national defense highway run through the Town, which is a small basin near mountains and rivers. Songkou town is the second largest port of inland port in Guangdong Province. It is an important distribution center of trade in surrounding towns.

Historical origin

Songkou ancient town, with a history of 1000 years, was established earlier than Jiaying prefecture (now Meizhou). It is one of the first places where Hakka ancestors moved to the south. After thousands of years of breeding, it has preserved rich Hakka cultural resources. In the past, an important business town in eastern Guangdong was famous for "not recognizing the state since ancient times". It was the first stop for Hakkas to go out of Nanyang after the end of Ming Dynasty. It was also one of the birthplaces of Sun Yat Sen's 1911 Revolution. Its Hakka folk songs were even more famous at home and abroad, and cultural relics and natural scenery were everywhere. This Lingnan ancient town is recasting its glory in the promotion of new town planning and construction. Songkou, a thousand year old town in Meizhou, is one of the places where Hakka ancestors moved from Fujian to Guangdong.

Songkou ancient town is located at the intersection of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces, with convenient water and land. It has been an important business town in history. Songkou is one of the first places where Hakkas moved from Fujian to Guangdong. According to the genealogy of the surnames in Songkou, Han people moved to Songkou one after another in the Tang Dynasty, and a large number of Han people from Fujian moved in at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. As the common people live together, Songkou residents have more than 120 surnames, which is rare in China. After the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the population of Songkou was full, and they moved to other places to make a living.

Scenic Spots and Historical Sites

The ancient town of Songkou has its unique historical sites and natural landscape. There are two mountains facing each other, which are called "shixiangbashuikou"; there are brown cliffs called "chimianshi"; there are yuankui pagoda built in the late Ming Dynasty, which is "the peak appears in the sky and the waves turn back to the pavilion"; there are liangshanji scenic spots formed by Wenchang Pavilion, which is "One Pavilion with three gods and two names"; there are Shide hall, which has experienced 400 years of wind and rain; there are aichunlou, where Sun Yat Sen lived when he visited Songkou; there are Wulong bridge, which was built in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty There are tongpa bridge scenic spots, such as tongpa bridge sponsored by Qiaoxian; Erhe academy, known as "simple Palace" in the late Ming Dynasty; Shide new street, an improved Ming and Qing architecture; mi'an Pavilion, an elegant and beautiful Pavilion; Chengde tower, a three Hall and four point golden palace style Dragon House; Wen's Jinglu, the former residence of Han Lin wenzhonghe in the late Qing Dynasty; and Ganlu Pavilion, a story about singer Liu Sanmei, which is near a cliff and a river Songkou town scenic area is formed by Ma Huangping, the hometown of Qiu Ruxue, wife of Jiang Weiguo, and mantou'an in Songnan; Xianxi scenic area is formed by Weili, a carp shaped dragon house built in song and Yuan Dynasties, Xiankou tower built in Xianfeng Period of Qing Dynasty; Songkou scenic area is formed by the former site of Zhihe, an ancient banyan in Hengshi, where Marshal once lived in his childhood, and the former residence site of sanjingou South scenic area; Songdong scenic area is formed by Qinglong temple and waterfall group, cascade hydropower station and goujingshishi waterfall.

Scenic spots and historic sites in Songkou

Yuankuita

Yuankui pagoda was built in 1619 of Ming Dynasty and completed in 1629. It is a nine storey brick pagoda. The staircase is built in the middle of the brick wall. It only allows one person to go up and down. Each floor has four opposite stone windows. When you climb to the eighth floor and walk out of the cloister, you will suddenly feel bright: the Liangshan Mountain is vast, the plum river is vast; the ancient pagoda is soaring high. Long white clouds, blue sky, clear water, boats, green rice and bamboo, it's a wonderful scenery! Looking up at the heavy iron gourd on the top of the tower, I can't help but wonder how it was lifted more than 300 years ago?

Songkouyuan kuita

Shide Hall

Shide hall was built in 1645, with a total area of 7000 square meters. It has 72 patios, 36 halls, 12 gatehouses, 299 rooms and 2 wells. It is the imperial palace built by Li Shichun, the teacher of emperor Chongzhen's son in the late Ming Dynasty. "Three halls without tiles" is the unique feature of Shide hall. The gate straight into one hall, the main hall and the upper Hall (that is, the three halls are separated by patios). On both sides of the upper hall is a large patio. In the past, there were ten rooms in each patio. At that time, it was the residence of the samurai servants. There is a half round space behind the upper hall. Seven lychee trees were planted in that year, but now three are still alive. They bear fruit in May every year, also known as "may red". The open space behind the fruit trees is enough for five horses to run side by side (it's spacious enough to camp here). Walking through the open space is a two-story dragon house composed of 12 gatehouses. There are front and rear doors in each gatehouse. The front door is on the first floor and the back door is on the second floor. If the front and rear doors are closed, they are independent. After opening, all the 12 gatehouses are connected (it's good to play hide and seek). In the back wall of Jinping building, there are five turrets and blockhouses on the left and right, extending to the gate. The wall is made of glutinous rice, lime, clay and sand. It is extremely strong and can be seen from the strictness of defense. The rare architectural form of Shide hall attracts guests at home and abroad, especially teachers and students who study art and architecture, to sketch and visit. Through the pomelo orchard behind the turret, you can find a quiet and secluded bamboo sea. The Songyuan river beside the bamboo sea meanders by. There is an uninhabited island in the middle of the river. Facing the endless green bamboo sea, the river flows by. Listening to the singing of insects and birds, tasting Hakka tea or wine, it is like a paradise.

Chongqingdi

Chongqingdi, also known as "guxiujie", was built in the early 1940s. It was jointly funded by several families at that time and entrusted to the director of guxiujie. The workers asked him for materials and money. Naturally, the local people called the house "guxiujie". The whole house and pond are made of cement and granite, with 10 patios, 9 halls, 73 rooms and 2 wells. The third word "Chongqing No. 1" was written by Zhu Ruzhen, one of the leading figures in the late Qing Dynasty. The main entrance of the hall is divided into three halls: the lower hall, the middle hall and the upper hall. The paintings on the beams of the hall are amazing, the Meticulous Brushwork and the lifelike figures. The open space behind the upper hall used to be a semicircular two-story dragon house. The orchard behind the house is also semicircular, symmetrical with the semicircular fish pond at the gate. In the morning, the room is reflected on the water surface of the pond, like a still ink painting. Suddenly, several Zhengfan (Hakka, body image duck, lean and tender meat, Hakka specialty) leisurely walk into the pond, red palms and green waves, like the magic brush of Ma Liang, and the painting comes to life.

Chengde building

Chengde building, built in 1908 and completed in 1918, has 18 patios, 48 halls and 108 rooms. The lower, middle and upper halls are carved beams and painted buildings, which are different from other dragon houses. The stone pillars in the middle hall of Chengde building are 6 meters high, which makes the hall very magnificent. Besides exquisite carving, the side doors of the middle hall are lined with hieroglyphs. Chengde building has a high reputation in the local area. It originated from the fact that the host family provided it to Songkou middle school as a classroom and dormitory for half a century. It is also the former residence of Mr. Liang mi'an, a famous overseas Chinese who was awarded the "Jingyi Memorial" by Dr. Sun Yat sen at the beginning of the Republic of China. (in the Zhongshan Park built by Songkou town in 1933 to commemorate Sun Yat Sen's visit to Songkou, there is a "mi'an Pavilion", in which are preserved the "Jingyi Memorial" and inscriptions given to Mr. Liang mi'an by Jiang Jieshi, Yu Youren, Chen Lifu and Lin Sen of Chongqing National Government during the anti Japanese war.)

Qinyi Village

Qinyizhuang, also known as "Xie Tianchang", was built in the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. 107 years ago, it has 8 patios, 10 halls and 87 rooms, covering a total area of 4295 square meters, of which 3200 square meters are built. Entering the outer gate of qinyizhuang, it is a spacious courtyard, from which it is written

Chinese PinYin : Song Kou Gu Zhen