Fayu Temple

Fayu Temple

Fayu temple, also known as housi, is located on the left side of baihuading in Putuo Mountain. It is one of the three major temples in Putuo Mountain. Fayu temple was founded in the eighth year of Wanli (1580 AD). Qing Kangxi 38 years (1699) building hall, and granted "Tianhua FA Yu" plaque, so today's name. There are 294 existing temples, totaling 8800 square meters. The temple is divided into six levels on the platform, and the entry level is upgraded in turn. On the central axis, there is Tianwang hall in front, jade Buddha Hall behind, and bell and drum tower between the two halls. After that, there are Guanyin hall, Yupai hall, Daxiong hall, sutra library and Abbot hall. Guanyin hall, also known as Jiulong hall, is exquisitely carved.

brief introduction

Huguo Zhenhai Temple, Fayu temple is one of the three temples in Putuo Mountain, Zhejiang Province, also known as housi. In 1580, Dazhi Zhenrong, a monk, began to build it. It was originally named Haichao temple, and later renamed Haichao temple and Huguo Zhenhai Temple. Fayu temple, also known as housi temple, is one of the three major temples in Putuo Mountain, 2.8 kilometers away from Puji temple, on the left side of baihuading and under Guangxi peak of Putuo Mountain, Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province. Fayu temple covers an area of 33408 square meters, and there are 294 existing temples. According to the mountain, it has six floors on the platform. The entrance to the mountain is upgraded in turn. On the central axis, there is the heavenly king hall, followed by the Jade Buddha Hall. Between the two halls, there is the bell and Drum Tower, followed by the Guanyin hall, the imperial tablet hall, the Daxiong hall, the Sutra library, and the Abbot hall. Guanyin hall, also known as Jiulong hall, is exquisitely and vividly carved. The Jiulong caisson and some glazed tiles in Jiulong hall were removed from the Ming Palace Museum in Nanjing. It is known as one of the three treasures of Mount Putuo. The whole temple is grand and lofty, with extraordinary weather; the Qianbu Jinsha nearby is open and comfortable, with the sound of waves roaring day and night; Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty once praised it as "the color of trees, the holding of books in autumn, and the response of bells and waves".

On May 25, 2006, Fayu temple, as an ancient building of the Qing Dynasty, was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Yin Guang master memorial hall is set up to commemorate Yin Guang master, a modern monk. He devoted himself to writing in Fayu temple for 40 years. His articles are popular all over the country, and he is regarded as "the 13th generation patriarch of Pure Land Sect". In 1983, Fayu temple was listed as one of the first batch of national key temples open to the outside world by the State Council.

historical background

Fayu temple was founded in the eighth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. Because of its beautiful spring and stone, it was named Haichao temple after the meaning of "Fahai Chaoyin". In the 22nd year of Wanli, it was renamed "Haichao Temple" and in the 34th year, it was also named "Huguo Zhenhai Temple". It was destroyed in the war. In the 28th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Puji and Fayu temples were built at the same time with money from the imperial court. Later, the Buddhist monk Mingyi of Fayu Temple went to Fujian alone to raise money. After three years, he used the money to build Yuantong hall for the statue of Guanyin Buddha. Two years later, he built Daxiong hall for all Bodhisattvas.

In 1699, the Qing court granted Jin Xiu temple, repaired the main hall, and inscribed "Tianhua Fayu" and "Fayu Chan Temple", which changed its name. During the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu, temples were built one after another, becoming a famous temple in Jiangnan.

In the eighth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1580), Da Zhi, a monk from Macheng, came to Putuo from Xishu to worship Buddhism. He built a hut here and lived there. He named it "Haichao nunnery". Later, it was changed to "Haichao Temple". In the 34th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1606), the imperial court granted it the name of "Huguo Zhenhai Temple". In 1699, it was renamed "Fayu Temple" and has been used up to now. The main buildings of Fayu temple are Tianwang hall, jade Buddha Hall, Jiulong Guanyin hall, Yubei hall, Daxiong hall, abbot hall, etc. There is also a sanatorium built in the temple, where the old monks enjoy their life. In 1983, Fayu temple was designated as the national key temple in the Han area.

Architectural features

In 1699, when the main hall was built, it was given the title of "Tian Tao FA Yu" because it was renamed FA Yu temple. Now the temple is huge, including Tianwang hall, jade Buddha Hall, Jiulong Guanyin hall, Yubei hall, Daxiong hall, abbot hall, Yinguang master memorial hall, etc.

There have been many fires and pirates in Fayu temple, causing immeasurable losses. After the efforts of several generations of presided over, we carried out continuous repair and repair work. During the cultural revolution, all the Buddha statues were destroyed.

In 1983, the Buddhist Association of Putuo mountain began to carry out large-scale restoration, rebuild and overhaul the Sutra worship building

In 1987, two new nine dragon walls and stone Scripture buildings were built outside the Tianwang hall. In 1995, one stone tablet square was built on the Bank of Lianchi, with a great momentum. Now the temple is huge, there are 194 temples, 8800 square meters, divided into six levels on the platform. There are Tianwang hall, jade Buddha Hall, Jiulong Guanyin hall, Yubei hall, Daxiong hall, abbot hall, Yinguang master memorial hall, etc.

Among them, the Jiulong Guanyin hall is the most splendid building. The "Jiulong pan Gong" and other buildings in the hall were moved here by the Jiulao Hall of the Ming Palace Museum in Jinling (Nanjing) during the Kangxi period, which is very precious. The hall is divided into seven rooms, five deep rooms, glazed top, inner trough, Jiulong caisson, one dragon plate top, eight dragon rings and eight columns, flying down with their heads held high. The glazed lamp in the middle is like a pearl, which forms the pattern of Jiulong grabbing the Pearl.

Tour order

Haihui bridge (rilianchi) - Mountain Gate (inscription of "Tianhua Fayu" and Jiulongbi) - Tianwang Hall - Jade Buddha Hall - Jiulong Hall (Jiulong Caijing) - Yubei Hall - Abbot's courtyard

The whole temple is grand and lofty, with extraordinary weather; the Qianbu Jinsha nearby is open and comfortable, with the sound of waves roaring day and night; Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty once praised it as "the color of trees, the holding of books in autumn, and the response of bells and waves". The entrance to the mountain is upgraded in turn. On the central axis, there is the heavenly king hall, followed by the Jade Buddha Hall. Between the two halls, there is the bell and Drum Tower, followed by the Guanyin hall, the imperial tablet hall, the Daxiong hall, the Sutra library, and the Abbot hall.

Introduction to scenic spots

Tianwang Hall

Entering the mountain gate and passing the nine dragon wall, opposite is a double eaves Xieshan style building with the title of "Tianwang hall" between the eaves. The existing two five storey stone Sutra towers were set up in 1988 when they were rebuilt. There are two flagpoles on both sides of the corridor, which is also different from other temples on the mountain. It is said that one of them has been changed seven or eight times, and the other one is still towering although it is often used as a deity by pilgrims and peeled as medicine, so it is called "living flagpole of housi".

The position of the four heavenly kings in the hall is different, which is said to avoid repetition with Puji temple.

Jade Buddha Hall

The Jade Buddha Hall behind the Tianwang hall is three rooms wide, with fence and yellow glazed roof. It is a small and exquisite building with double eaves and Xieshan style. There is a bell tower and a drum tower in the East and west of the hall. On the platform, there is an old cypress, old and vigorous. On the west side, there is a Podocarpus arvensis, which is more than 3 meters thick.

Bonsai in Fayu Temple

In the Jade Buddha Hall, there was a jade Buddha statue of Sakyamuni, 2 meters high, bright and exquisitely carved by Huigen, a monk from Putuo Mountain, who went to India to worship Buddha in 1882. Later, it was destroyed. The 1.3-meter-high Jade Buddha was moved from Beijing Yongle Palace in 1985.

Imperial monument Hall

There are five halls with yellow tiles on the top. There is a door on the west side of the building, which can lead to the Xiangyun road of Fuding mountain.

The main hall is five rooms wide (about 32 meters wide) and four rooms deep. There is an outer corridor in front of the hall and a bucket arch. The hall is for the third generation Buddha. Hall East ear Hall three, for the "three Saint hall", for the three Saint statue. The three rooms of Xier hall are "Guandi hall" for the sitting statue of Guan Gong Jin. There are five rooms on each side (guest hall).

Abbot's courtyard

It is the highest part of the temple. There are 27 two-story eaves buildings in a row, divided into five courtyards. The seven rooms in the middle used to be the Abbot's rooms of Yin Guang master, but later they were changed into memorial halls. Master Yinguang (1861-1940), commonly known as Zhao Shaoyan, is known as "the 13th generation of pure land patriarch". Born in Shaanxi Province in 1861, Yin Guang became a monk at Lianhua cave in Zhongnan mountain at the age of 21. In 1893, Yin Guang went to Fayu temple in Putuo Mountain with the monks, and studied Buddhist scriptures here for more than 40 years. Later, he went to Lingyan temple in Suzhou to build the pure land Daochang.

Master Yin Guang wrote such Buddhist masterpieces as master Yin Guang Wen Chao, which has a far-reaching influence in Chinese Buddhist circles.

Temple eminent monk

Master Yin Guang, a modern monk, devoted himself to writing in Fayu temple for 40 years, and his articles became popular all over the country. He was regarded as "the 13th generation patriarch of Pure Land Sect".

Master Yin Guang (1861-1940) was often called shame monk. His common name was Zhao, and his name was Dangui, also known as Shengliang. He was born in the East Village of Chicheng, Heyang County, Shaanxi Province.

He followed his brother to learn Confucian classics, dabbled in Buddhist classics, and committed himself to Buddhism.

In 1878, he left his family and went to Xi'an Ci'en Temple to listen to scriptures. Guangxu seven years (1881), to Zhongnanshan lotus cave temple, worship pure monk as a teacher, shaving as a monk, Daohao Yinguang.

The next year, he went to Shuangxi temple to receive the seal from the lawyer. In the early days, when he was a guest in Lianhua Temple of Zhuxi, Hubei Province, he had to read the remnant of the classic of the pure land of Longshu and realized its subtlety.

In 1886, he went to Zifu Temple of hongluoshan in Beijing to study Pure Land Sect for three years. During this period, he went on leave to pay homage to Manjusri Shili Daochang in Wutai Mountain, Shanxi Province. After returning to the temple, he was appointed as xiangdeng and Liaoyuan in the Hakka hall. Besides chanting scriptures, he studied the Sanzang scriptures, so that he could deeply understand the Buddhist heart.

In the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), he went to Longquan Temple in Beijing to serve as a "walking hall" for monks.

In 1891, he lived in Yuanguang temple in Beijing. In the 19th year of Guangxu (1893), at the invitation of monk Huawen, who came to Beijing to collect sutras, he went to Fayu temple in Putuo Mountain, Zhejiang Province, where he lived in the Sutra house and managed the sutras.

Guangxu 20

Chinese PinYin : Fa Yu Si