Baique Temple

Baique Temple

Baique temple is located on the site of xifucheng, Gucheng village, Lizhuang Township, Baofeng County, Pingdingshan City. Baique temple was built in the Baique period of Yao Chang in the later Qin Dynasty (384-385 A.D.). The ancients took the white sparrow as the symbol of Ruiying, and the white sparrow was lucky. It is said that during the Baique period, Baique gathered on the ancient pagoda tree, the site of his father's city. People thought it was auspicious and built a temple called Baique temple.

Historical evolution

The former site of father city where Baique temple is located was called father city in the spring and Autumn period. The father of the city was built by the prince, the son of King Ping of Chu. Prince Jian is the great grandson of King Zhuang of Chu. During the period when the prince built his father, he set up a temple for the king of Chu and offered sacrifices at four seasons, so later generations regarded the temple as the former residence of the king of Chu. According to Zhengde Ruzhou annals of the Ming Dynasty, "Baique temple is preserved in father's city. It is passed down to the former residence of King Zhuang of Chu. It has the auspicious image of Baique and a different pagoda tree." The so-called "alien locust" refers to the tall ancient locust trees in Baique temple, from which people take out a board with sparrow shaped patterns.

Baique temple has developed rapidly since it was built in the period of Sixteen States, and has become a famous temple in Ruzhou. During the Sui Dynasty, the great painters Zhan Ziqian and Dong Biren once made Buddhist murals in Baique temple. "Painting history" said: "painting Ruzhou white sparrow temple." Zhan Ziqian lived in the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty. Zhan Ziqian is good at painting classic Buddhist stories and figures, which are found in famous temples all over the world. People all over the world praise that "Zhan Ziqian's depiction of figures is very detailed, and his facial expression is like business, so he can be the ancestor of Tang painting." "Zhenguan public and private painting history" contains: "Ruzhou Baique temple, Jiangling Zhongsheng temple, Luoyang Guangyan Temple all have Dong Biren painting." Dong Boren, born in Runan, is a versatile man. He is known as Zhihai in his hometown. He is an official to Guanglu doctor and a general in the palace. He is as famous as Zhan Ziqian and has painted all over the world. "Both Dong and Zhan were born to indulge in the painting. They died of their ancestors' stories. They wrote in a similar style and had feelings outside the painting," he said

Baique temple has a long history. Since the late Qin Dynasty, it has lasted for more than 1600 years in the Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Baique temple has a large scale. The halls recorded in historical records include shuitianwang hall, lutianwang hall, Qianfo Pavilion, dicangwang hall, jianzhai hall, liuzu hall, etc. Baique temple is rich in cultural relics. According to the records, there are statues in Yongping and Wuping years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and two steles in Tianbao four years and ten years of the Northern Qi Dynasty. Bai Hong, a Baofeng scholar in the Ming Dynasty, who was once the Tongzhi of Yan'an Prefecture in Shaanxi Province, wrote the differentiation of Baique temple. It is very auspicious to research and analyze the origin and development of Baique temple, leaving a valuable material for later generations. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Hongzhi, a famous scholar in Zhongzhou, wrote the story of rebuilding Baique temple, which traces the development and changes of Baique temple in detail. According to textual research, Miaoshan, the third daughter of King Zhuang of Chu (the incarnation of Guanyin Bodhisattva), once became a monk in Baique temple. Later, his father burned Baique temple, Miaoshan fled, continued to practice in Xiangshan temple, and finally achieved good results.

In the history of Baique temple, which has been prosperous for more than one thousand years, it was named Baique temple before Tang Dynasty, cishouyuan in Song Dynasty, and Baique temple in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Baofeng's eight scenery poem "white sparrow different locust" says: "this locust is the only one in the group, who planted it in front of white sparrow temple. The branches are bent, the dew is falling, the wall is low, the leaves are numerous, the clouds are hidden, and the moss is warm. Understand the ancient universe, increase spirit, several because of wind and rain long embryo. The sound of heaven in the clear sky and the sound of silk and bamboo. It's a sign that there will be a palace chief in the coming year. "

Baique Temple today

Today's white sparrow temple, as long as the lucky patronage, a panoramic view, the door before and after. The front gate is facing the burning Dragon Mountain, and the north gate is close to the Jinluan palace of the king of Zhuang. The front hall, the back hall and the main hall in the middle divide the whole temple into three patios. There are three auxiliary halls on the left and right of the rear hall. There is a side door in the East. Don't open a courtyard. This courtyard is a living area. There are three East rooms on the east side of the south gate, which are the guard rooms of the temple. They are responsible for the security work of the temple 24 hours a day. Entering the south gate, two north-south Yong roads are on the East and west sides of the front hall and the main hall. There is a large incense burner made of pig iron in front of each hall. The vast courtyard space between and around the hall can accommodate thousands of pilgrims and visitors. All day long tourists and pilgrims. On the first and 15th of the lunar new year, people come to worship one another. The main halls are often too crowded for pilgrims to kneel down to burn incense and pray. Art lovers from all over the city often come to perform on the first and fifteenth day of junior high school. The bronze ware club, the waist drum team, the old Yangko team, the rap troupe with different costumes, the small opera and so on are all famous. Visitors are also surrounded by groups of people from east to west. According to their hobbies, they choose to enjoy their favorite programs.

At this time, the merchants also took their goods to sell inside and outside the temple. There are fortune tellers; there are those who sell incense watches; there are those who sell catering, there are those who sell daily necessities; there are those who sell toys; there are also those who sell all kinds of local specialties; there are all kinds of things. Fengyimi vinegar produced by Zhaiji vinegar factory is the food most concerned by pilgrims. When they go home, they have to bring one or two bottles, or use them for their own use or send them off to friends. Only in this way can they feel the satisfaction and happiness of visiting Baique temple.

But a long time ago, Baique temple was not called "Temple", it was actually the inner house before the king of Zhuang became king. After the king of Zhuang became king, the Jinluan hall was built in the north of Baique temple to discuss business and state affairs (the site still exists). The living place of the king of Zhuang was mostly in the Jinluan hall, which actually became the residence of the three daughters of the king of Zhuang. The first and second imperial aunt married one after another, and this became the residence of the third imperial aunt, which created a clean environment for her to practice and become a monk. Although the times have changed, the dynasty has replaced her, and there are few records in history, the world's reputation has been constant, and the family background of the king of Xiaozhuang should not be empty.

As for when sanhuanggu was listed in the immortal class and when her inner house was named "Temple", it's hard to find out the old history and there's no word of mouth, but one thing can be used for reference. Sanhuanggu's uncle is the founder of Taoism. He and sanhuanggu became monks at the same time. On this matter, we have a story here: sanhuanggu was very clever when she was young, and she was very flexible. One day, the grandmaster came to the King Zhuang's house as a guest. When are you going to become a monk Grandmaster said: "recently.". Sanhuanggu asked, "where are you going to become a monk?"? The grandmaster said, "go to Xiangshan to become a monk.". At that time, the place of sanhuanggu's becoming a monk had not yet been decided. Hearing what master Zu said, she turned her eyes and thought that Xiangshan was really a good place. Why didn't I go to Xiangshan temple to become a monk? When she thought of it, she said, "I've already occupied that place.". The two argued and finally agreed: "who will climb on the top of Xiangshan mountain tomorrow, Xiangshan Mountain belongs to whom.".

The next morning, Mr. Zu went up to the top of the mountain and saw that there was no one around him. He put his sword on the top of the mountain and went around to watch the terrain. When she got to the top of the mountain, she saw that her grandmaster's sword was stuck in the top of the mountain. Knowing that she was late, she had a plan. She pulled out her grandmaster's sword and buried one of her embroidered shoes in the soil. Then she put her grandmaster's sword in the shoes and sealed it with soil. Then she went to other parts of the mountain. When they met, they said they would arrive early. The grandmaster said that he planted a sword when he reached the top of the mountain, and the third imperial aunt said that she buried an embroidered shoe when she reached the top of the mountain. When they walked to the top of the mountain, the grandmaster pointed to the sword and said, "that's my sword.". Sanhuanggu said, "my embroidered shoes are also buried there. When I look out, the sword is right in the embroidered shoes. The grandmaster was impatient and had to leave Xiangshan for Dalong mountain. Although Dalong mountain is a land of dragons, it has a small breath. The grandmaster goes up to sit down and presses the dragon to pee. When the grandmaster sees that it can't do it, he goes to the drum arena. The drum arena mountain is a lion's land. As soon as the grandmaster sits down, he presses the lion down. When the grandmaster sees that it can't do it, he goes to baidinggang and can't bear the God. Then the grandmaster goes south to Dading mountain (Wudang Mountain) and sets up there Today, there is an ancient temple assembly on March 3 every year in these four places where the grandmaster has been. In this story, as long as we find out the time when our grandmaster became a monk, we will have the time when our third imperial aunt became a monk. But it's hard to say when it was named "Temple".

Architectural features

Baique temple is a rectangular temple with a length of more than 100 meters from north to South and a width of more than 80 meters from east to west, which was built in recent years under the supervision of the superior government, with the investment of local pilgrims and government funding, and the land of Mazhuang village. The building structure is strict, the shape is simple and elegant, the courtyard is spacious, the room is bright, and the surrounding environment is pleasant. It is an ideal place for worshiping Buddha, traveling and sightseeing.

The overall structure of the original temple is larger than that of the present one. It is said that the "courtyard" actually has no walls. Outside the wall in the southeast corner of the temple, there is a three room Guandi temple in the cultivated land. On the opposite side of Guandi temple, that is, Gaofu on the south side of the inclined road from the temple to Mazhuang village, is a platform made of earth. The troupe invited can use this platform to perform. On the right side of the platform are three temples of Vulcan. At present, in front of the South Gate of the temple, there is a round cone-shaped bald tomb table about 30 meters away from the gate, which is aunt's tomb; in front of the south gate, there is a gourd shaped tomb table about 50 meters away from the gate, which has two gourds and three gourds, which is monk's tomb. The area of monk's grave is more than twice that of aunt's grave. In front of and to the east of the front hall is the forest of steles. There are also steles in other places, but they are not concentrated. The steles are not high or low. There are more than two meters high, some about one meter high, and some high steles. The upper end of the stele is not arc-shaped, but not conjoined steles with dragon and phoenix patterns. There are also two cylindrical and six edged steles about three meters high, which are separated on both sides of the present south gate It is engraved with couplet characters, and the stele is equipped with Chaotian beast. There is also a unique rectangular stone tablet, which is horizontal, and the inscription is seal character. At that time, I couldn't understand it at all. It was inlaid with two tortoise figures

Chinese PinYin : Bai Que Si