Guangyuan

Guangyuan

Guangyuan is located at 465 yongnanhan street, Lianchi District, Baoding City, Hebei Province. In 1916, Cao Kun rebuilt and decorated the right health department and Duanshi Department of the capital of Daning in Ming Dynasty. Because Cao Kun admired Qi Jiguang, a famous Anti Japanese general, he changed his name to Guangyuan.

The main building of Guangyuan is a single-layer, but actually a double-layer, I-shaped building, 7-8 meters high

There are 21 large and small houses. The main entrance of the main building is built on a high platform. There are arched stone carvings on the upper part of the door and stone columns on both sides of the lower part. The East and West ends of the building are pointed cylindrical rooms with Western characteristics.

Guangyuan is a building with the characteristics of the times

, which plays an important role in modern Chinese history and is of certain value to the study of modern Chinese history.

On May 3, 2013, Guangyuan was announced as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

Historical evolution

Guangyuan was originally the right health department and Duanshi Department of Daning capital in Ming Dynasty.

In 1663, after the governor of Zhili moved from Zhengding to Baoding, the inspector general's prison office was stationed in Guangyuan.

In 1724, Guangyuan was changed into the prison department.

In 1916, when Cao Kun was the governor of Zhili, he rebuilt and decorated Guangyuan on a large scale and became Cao Kun's residence. Because Cao Kun admired Qi Jiguang, the famous Anti Japanese general, he renamed this place Guangyuan.

In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), Cao Kun organized the alliance of eight provinces in Guangyuan, including Zhi, Su, e, Gan, Feng, Ji, Hei and Yu, and the Zhi Wan war.

In 1922, Cao Kun and Wu Peifu planned the first Zhifeng war in Guangyuan.

In 1923, Cao Kun planned to bribe the president in Guangyuan.

On May 31, 1926, Wu Peifu set up the general headquarters of the "anti thief coalition army" in Guangyuan, Luoyang, during the anti Feng war, and left for Beijing on June 27.

On June 6, 1926, Cao Kun returned to Guangyuan, Baoding. Since then, Guangyuan has become a temporary place for politicians and warlords to work and rest.

In 1927, during the Fengjin war, Zhang Xueliang, who was then the commander in chief of Fengjun South Road, led the staff of the eight headquarters to Guangyuan on October 4 to command the battle.

On June 3, 1928, Chiang Kai Shek appointed Yan Xishan as the commander of the Beijing Tianjin garrison. On June 8, Yan Xishan took office in Guangyuan, Baoding, and left for Beijing on November 11.

On March 9, 1933, the Military Commission of the Kuomintang government set up Xingyuan in Guangyuan to welcome Chiang Kai Shek. Chiang Kai Shek led he Yingqin and Song Ziwen to Guangyuan in Baoding on March 11.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Guangyuan was the residence of Hebei Provincial Education Department and Hebei provincial radio station.

After the founding of new China, the rear east courtyard of Guangyuan is the Department of civil affairs of Hebei Province, the rear xipingfang is the Department of finance, the main hall is the Department of education, the front east courtyard is the people's Committee, and the front garden area is the people's Broadcasting Station of Hebei Province.

In 1958, the Foreign Trade Bureau of the regional administration and Baoding people's Radio moved to Guangyuan.

From 1966 to 1976, the front garden area of Guangyuan was demolished and a broadcasting equipment factory building was built.

In 2005, the buildings around Guangyuan were demolished. In 2007, the construction of the business district was started here, and the two rows of bungalows in the northwest of Yiyuan were demolished. Only the main building, the main hall, is left in Guangyuan.

In 2015, Guangyuan was changed into Baoding Local Records Museum (Anti Japanese War historical materials Museum).

Architectural features

structure

Guangyuan used to be a north-south complex with single-layer buildings. In terms of architectural form, western architecture is the main form in the south, while Chinese architecture is the main form in the north. From the perspective of architectural function, most of the buildings in the south are office and conference rooms, while in the north are flower halls, flower beds, living rooms, guest rooms and other buildings. The south end of the central axis of Guangyuan starts from the main gate of Guangyuan. Between the main gate and the main building of yingmen, a small garden style courtyard greening is used as the transition space.

The main building of Guangyuan is a single-layer but double-layer four Arabic top I-shaped building, 7-8 meters high. The East and west sides of the front facade of the building are protected by two regular circular houses with polygonal roof and protruding front wall baseline. The interior ceiling and wall decorations are equipped with gun holes for defense, and the space and tunnel for security personnel to move are also provided above the ceiling and under the floor.

Guangyuan main building has 21 large and small houses, the original northwest corner and northeast corner are quadrangle bungalows, the basic material is brick concrete. The main entrance of the main building is built on a high platform. There are arched stone carvings on the upper part of the door and stone columns on both sides of the lower part. The East and West ends of the building are pointed cylindrical rooms with Western characteristics, and the windows are long wooden lattice shutters. The external eaves of the building adopt the eaves style of Chinese roof, with a row of stone edges, which looks like carved flowers and women's walls. There are several stone pillars in the front porch of the west side, which are thin in the upper part and thick in the lower part.

The main hall of Guangyuan is divided into front and back halls, which are interconnected by corridors. The East and West corners of the main hall are slightly outward protruding octagonal and round blockhouse style house enclosure. There is a large room on both sides of the entrance. The west room is Cao Kun's office. There is a movable pedal under the seat. Pushing the pedal is the entrance of the tunnel. The tunnel connects the rooms in the hall and leads to the basement of the back hall. There are stairs in the East corridor at the back of the front hall to the attic on the ceiling in case of emergency. There is a small gate (now the main gate) on the street wall on the west side of Guangyuan middle courtyard.

characteristic

Guangyuan is modeled on the popular style of small western style buildings in Tianjin at that time, integrated with the traditional courtyard architectural pattern design and construction, integrated with the architectural style of the East and West, and has a three-dimensional sense from a distance, just like a small castle in medieval Europe.

Guangyuan is a special building with unique modeling and design, strict security facilities, and ingenious secret passage.

Cultural relics

The interior and exterior walls, columns, doors, windows and eaves of the main building of Guangyuan are decorated with wood, stone and brick carvings with vivid shapes.

History and culture

historical figure

Cao Kun (1862-1938), whose name is Zhongshan, was born in Dagukou (now Tanggu) of Tianjin. He was the leader of the direct warlords in the early Republic of China. He was stationed in Baoding for a long time, also known as "Baoding king". He became the fifth president of the Republic of China by bribery. After his death, when the whole country was fighting against Japan, the national government, in consideration of his strong resistance to the Japanese aggressors' inducements, had national integrity and pursued the gifts to the first rank General of the army.

In August 1918, Cao Kun moved from Tianjin to Baoding, and rebuilt the former prison Department of the Qing Zhili inspection envoys as a place to live, receive guests, hold gatherings, entertain and relax. Because Cao Kun admired Qi Jiguang of the Ming Dynasty, he was named "Guangyuan".

Research value

Guangyuan is a building with the characteristics of the times

It is the source of the Zhiwan war and Zhifeng war, and the command center of Cao Kun's bribery for the election of president. It has certain value for the study of modern Chinese history.

Cultural relics protection

In 1993, Guangyuan was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Hebei Province.

On May 3, 2013, Guangyuan was announced as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

Tourism information

geographical position

Guangyuan is located at 465 yongnanhan street, Lianchi District, Baoding City, Hebei Province.

Opening Hours

Tuesday to Saturday: 8:30-12:00, 14:00-17:30

Ticket Price

Free Admission

Traffic information

Take bus No.27, No.35 and No.102 in Baoding city to get off at the commercial building station; take bus No.1, No.4, No.8, No.12, No.26, No.39, No.66 and no.k1 to get off at gulianhuachi station and walk 200 meters to the northwest.

Address: Yuhua Road, Baoding City

Longitude: 115.512925

Latitude: 38.855929

Ticket information: free.

Chinese PinYin : Guang Yuan