The sky is round and the place is round

The sky is round and the place is round

The theory of yin and Yang is embodied in the theory that the sky is round and the place is round. Yin Yang theory is its core and essence. Yin Yang theory, with simple dialectic color, is the way of thinking of ancient sages to understand the world. Thousands of years of social practice has proved its correctness. The "round heaven and round place" is a concrete embodiment of this theory.

Concept formation

"The sky is round and the place is round" is the ancient science's understanding of the universe. In the process of understanding the universe, the ancient Han people's main method is completely different from the empirical experimental method of modern science. "Internal evidence" is the main method of ancient people's understanding of the universe, and this method is to continuously strengthen the human body's own energy according to a certain energy cycle mode of human life, so as to surpass the ordinary people's perception ability. We know that ordinary people's sensory ability is limited, which is also the limitation of the development of modern science. The ancient scientists can improve their own energy through the practice of "internal evidence", and finally observe the more subtle truth of the universe and the law of energy operation: Yin Yang and five elements. Specifically speaking, Yin Yang and five elements are divided into many levels, and its concept is just like the unknowns "x, Y" in the equation of modern mathematics. That is to say, when the equation is solving specific problems, the unknowns such as X, y have specific material representation, while when explained from a purely mathematical point of view, x, y are unknowns without specific direction. The theory of five movements and six Qi is clearly put forward in Huangdi Neijing, an ancient Chinese medicine treasure book. In essence, the theory is a summary of the energy movement of heaven and earth at a certain level. However, the ancients found that whenever the energy between heaven and earth changes, it will gradually appear in the relative macro world that people can see. For example, when the "wood" energy represented by Dongfang Qisu comes in spring The earth will thaw and the seeds will germinate. All life will be awakened by this energy and enter a new round of "spring, summer, autumn harvest and winter storage". With the change of the four seasons, the health of human life will be affected differently. Therefore, there is "four seasons regulating the spirit" in Huangdi's Internal Classic

This paper discusses the influence of the transformation of yin and Yang in four seasons on human body. The ancients summed up the law of energy change in the micro state as "the theory of five movements and six Qi", which was used to measure the relationship between the energy change between heaven and earth and time, and the impact of this change on life on the earth. This is what the ancients called "the time of the day". The so-called time of the day refers to the arrival of the energy from the sky, which is the beginning of the corresponding season. Because this kind of energy comes back and forth once every 60 years, like a ring without any reason, the ancients said "round sky" to describe the characteristics of time. At the same time, the ancients used "in all directions" to describe the location, also called "place". "Round sky and round place" means time and space, that is, the true face of the universe! It embodies the time and space concept of ancestors' wisdom

It also implies the essence theory of China's Han traditional culture: everything is from scratch, and has close relationship with the energy changes between heaven and earth, so the ancients said "harmony between man and nature". Tao Te Ching says, "nothing is the beginning of heaven and earth; being is the mother of all things."

The mystery of being or not is a mystery that modern people can't solve.

The essence of the round sky and the place is derived from the evolution of the congenital eight trigrams, which is the diagram of heaven and earth, that is, the round sky and the place

. Among them, the hexagrams surrounding the outside represent the law of heaven's movement, while the hexagrams arranged in the middle square represent the law of earth's movement. Among them, the heaven is the Lord, the earth is the second, the heaven is Yang, and the earth is Yin. The intelligent part of the universe is created by the two, and the human being is just the essence of heaven and earth. Therefore, it is regarded as the spirit of heaven and earth, and it can also feel everything and the most spiritual.

In essence, Tianyuan is the interpretation of the formation and operation of heaven and earth in the yin-yang system of the book of changes. The book of changes is the first of all the classics and the source of traditional Chinese culture. Its ideological system holds that all things are evolved according to the Yin-Yang and five elements. Therefore, in all ancient disciplines, there is the ideological system of Yin-Yang and five elements. For example, architecture "Luban Jing", life science "Huangdi Neijing", governing the country and Anbang "Chunqiu Fanlu", marching "Sun Tzu's art of war", diet collocation, geomantic omen "qingnang Jing", personal destiny "Di Tiansui", human relations grand unification Fu and so on, as long as we can think of, almost all have "Yi" The thought system of yin and Yang in the classic. This is also the real connotation of why the book of changes is regarded as the first of all the canons

.

By the way, Confucianism is also a social and human relations system based on the Yin and Yang thought system of the book of changes. You can refer to Chunqiu Fanlu, which is generally recognized as the classic book of Confucian system proposing the strategy of governing the country. It is full of Taoist ideas of harmony between man and nature, induction between man and nature, yin and Yang and five elements

.

Historical records

At the beginning of the book of Shang, Yushu and Yaodian, it is said that Yao waited for peace in the world: he ordered Xihe, Qin Ruo Haotian, calendar like the sun, moon and stars, and respected others. Then he ordered Xihe, Xizhong, Hezhong and Heshu to go to four places to carry out the work of promoting civilization (that is, the content of Mingjiao), which is the earliest theory and practice of Tianyuan and local. It can be proved from Hetu Luoshu that the circle of heaven is not exactly known today, but it has developed a simple cosmology. The place refers to the horizontal coordinate system, and the square refers to the azimuth or azimuth, that is, Zi represents the north, Wu represents the south, you represents the west, Mao represents the East, and uses 12 earthly branches, 10 heavenly stems, and four hexagrams to represent 24 directions It's a 360 degree circle. That's the truth.

Value embodiment

The traditional culture of Chinese Han nationality is broad and profound, and the theory of yin and Yang is its core and essence. The theory of yin and Yang, with the color of simple dialectics, is the way of thinking of our sages to understand the world. Thousands of years of social practice has proved its correctness. The "round heaven and round place" is a concrete embodiment of this theory.

The ancients called Taiji the state that heaven and earth were not separated and the chaos began. Taiji gave birth to two kinds of yin and Yang and separated heaven and earth. The ancients called the vast universe composed of many stars as "heaven", and the earth as "Earth". Because the sun and moon and other celestial bodies are moving round and round, like a closed circle without beginning or end, but the earth is quietly carrying us, just like a square object, which is still and stable, so "the sky is round and the place" is a place So the concept came into being.

Throughout the nature, all round objects are active and unstable, just like the round sun and moon; all square objects are static and stable, just like the quiet earth. Movement is Yang and stillness is Yin, so "round sky" becomes the symbol of Yang, representing all positive and active things, such as sun, day, hardness, health, man, monarch, husband, big, many, up, forward, dynamic and positive; "place" becomes the symbol of Yin, representing all negative and passive things, such as moon, night, softness, obedience, woman, minister, wife, little, little, lower, retreat, quiet and negative.

Cultural connotation

Taoism believes that "Tianyuan" needs to be harmonious in mind and nature to be accessible; "local" needs strict regulations in life and affairs;

The traditional culture of the Han nationality in China advocates "the unity of man and nature" and pays attention to imitating nature. The principle of "the heaven is round and the place is round" advocated in geomantic omen is a special annotation of this kind of cosmology. It is Yang Xiong's philosophical proposition in the Western Han Dynasty that "the round is the time (w ù n í, meaning uneasiness), and the mean is the time". "Round" refers to the sky; Wu time refers to turbulence; "Fang" refers to the earth; and "stingy" refers to convergence. In other words, if the sky is round, it will move and change, and the place will converge and be still.

Only when we pursue development and change can we achieve success in our career and human beings make continuous progress; only when we hope to be static and stable can we have a comfortable life and the world can coexist peacefully. Architecture is built by man, it must reflect people's pursuit and hope, so "the sky is round and the place" has become an indispensable content in all kinds of architecture.

Architectural philosophy

In traditional Chinese architecture, the sky is round and the place is round. The temple of heaven and the temple of earth built in Beijing during the Ming and Qing Dynasties were built in accordance with the principle of round heaven and round place.

The temple of heaven is round. The number of layers of the dome, the diameter of the mesa, and the fence boards around it are all singular, that is, the number of Yang, which symbolizes the sky as Yang. The Ditan is square, with eight steps on each side, all of which are even numbers, that is, Yin numbers, symbolizing Yin.

Ordinary people often build a round pool in the square courtyard, or a round moon door between the two courtyards. These are the embodiment of the round sky and place. The "courtyard" houses in the north are the typical representatives of the theory of "heaven is round and place is round".

Courtyard house

In the north of China, especially in Beijing, the majority of residential buildings are quadrangles. So how does this kind of residential buildings embody the idea of "heaven is round and place is round"?

The embodiment of the name itself

The ancients said, "if there is a name, there must be a fact", that is to say, the name of a thing is a special embodiment of its essence, and it can also be said that it is a part of its inner essence. Siheyuan, in which the "four" is the square, symbolizing the "place"; the "he" is the closed, symbolizing the round sky, the square and the round, the Yin and the Yang. It's really the best way to advance and retreat, which is beyond the reach of contemporary naming masters.

The embodiment of courtyard structure

The size of the courtyard

Chinese PinYin : Tian Yuan Di Fang