Yalu River

Yalu River

Yalu River is a tributary on the right bank of Nenjiang River. It is also called "diaoer River" and "Yar River".

It used to be called Yar river. "Yalu" means "border land" in Mongolian. It originated near Boketu Town, Yakeshi City, east foot of Daxinganling, with an altitude of 1266 meters. It mainly flows through Yakeshi city and Zhalantun city of Hulunbuir City, Nianzishan District of Qiqihar city of Heilongjiang Province and Longjiang County, and flows into Nenjiang River near halatai village of Longjiang County. The total length is 398 km (423.13 km)

395 km

333 km

388.2 km

）The river is 40-80 meters wide, 1.5-3 meters deep, with a total height difference of 862 meters and an average gradient of 2.2.

The total area of the river basin is 19640 square kilometers (say 26000 square kilometers, 20971.6 square kilometers)

19110 square kilometers

）。 The main tributaries are Jiqin River, handahan River, amuniu River, woniu River, etc

Business card: Zhalantun section of Yalu River

General situation of main stream

River course

The Yalu River originates at the eastern foot of the Great Xing'an Mountains. From northwest to Southeast, it flows through Yakeshi city and Zhalantun city of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Nianzishan district and Longjiang County of Qiqihar city of Heilongjiang Province, and flows into Nenjiang River in Longjiang County.

Yakeshi city (formerly xiguitu banner) territory, Yalu River originated in Boketu town of the southeast foot of the Great Xing'an Mountains guandimiaoling (also known as: guangtou mountain)

Southwest ditch

Yalubutu mountain near Xing'an station of Binzhou railway line (the source is 1002m above sea level)

）。 In the southeast, it flows to Boketu Town, converges to nashibuthin River 15 km along the southbound Binzhou railway, and converges to nabarin River 55 km below Lama mountain in Balin town,

Turn south and flow into Zhalantun city.

It flows from the northwest to the southeast. The main stream above Halasu is mountainous forest area. The two banks are surrounded by high and steep mountains. The relative height difference is about 400 meters. The valley is 2-3 kilometers wide and the river is 10-30 meters wide. The main stream and branch stream are all located in mountainous forest area, with undulating terrain, steep slope, rapid flow, dense vegetation, and marshes developed in the valley.

In Zhalantun city (formerly butha banner), Yalu River flows through five townships and urban areas in the eastern part of the city, including Olunchun Ethnic Township, Halasu, woniuhe Town, Gaotaizi street and Genghis Khan Town, to Genghis Khan border fort and flows into Heilongjiang Province. The main stream is 101.13 kilometers long in Zhalantun City, with a drainage area of 4988.93 square kilometers. (add the year of big flood and the year of discharge and minimum discharge). Within the territory of the right naamuniu River, left nawoniu river.

In Nianzi mountain area of Qiqihar City, Yalu River is a tributary of Nenjiang river system with long flow and largest flow. The main stream is in Nianzi mountain area, about 35 km in length. This reach flows through the alluvial proluvial plain between the low mountains and hills at Erlu of Daxing'an Mountains. The river enters from the JIEHAO (jinjiehao) built in Jin Dynasty to the north of Fengshou village in the northwest corner of Nianzi mountain area. The altitude drops to 240 meters, and leaves to the south of Donghua village at the south end of Nianzi mountain area. The altitude drops to 205 meters. The gradient of the river section in the area decreases, with an average of about 1 ‰. The river bends well, the river valley expands, the floodplain is broad, and it flows down the river, The river is about 5 meters deep.

In Longjiang County, the mainstream of Yalu River runs through the middle of Longjiang County from northwest to Southeast. In the right najiqin river of Xingong village, Longxing Town, through yaluhe Township, Luhe Township and duibao Township, in the right naquanshui river of Yongfa Township, it flows southward to nahandahan river. In Guanghou Township, zuonaqikenai River, then flows eastward, in the south of damohuton (also known as halatai Village)

）Entering Nenjiang River, the estuary is about 140 meters above sea level

. Longjiang County is 114 kilometers long.

Channel characteristics

From the source of the river, the river valley descends to the Songnen Plain in a ladder shape, from the middle mountain, low mountain and hilly areas. The main stream is above Halasu, and the two banks are surrounded by high and steep mountains. The terrain fluctuates greatly. The relative elevation difference is about 400m, and the river valley is 2-3km wide. From Halasu to Zalantun, the river valley increases to 4-5km, and the river width is 40-70m. The river below the border fort of Genghis Khan enters the plain area, with many bifurcations and marshes on both sides.

hydrographic features

The drainage area above nianzishanwenzhan is 13567 square kilometers, with large catchment area and large flow. According to the data from 1955 to 1985 at nianzishanwen station, the average annual runoff is 1.85 billion cubic meters, which is rich in water resources. Due to the direct influence of the concentration of summer monsoon rainfall, the annual runoff of the river varies greatly, ranging from 3.99 billion cubic meters (1960) to 347 million cubic meters (1979), the maximum is 11.5 times of the minimum; the maximum flow is 2570 cubic meters / S (1957) to 93.8 cubic meters / S (1979), the maximum is 27.4 times of the minimum; the maximum water level is 216.80 meters (1960) to 214.19m (1979), the former is 2.61M higher than the latter. If the annual maximum water level is 212.94m (1965), the difference is 3.45M. We should pay enough attention to these great changes in the development and utilization of Yalu River resources. In addition, among the 31 years, 18 years (60%) exceeded the warning water level of 215 meters in Nianzi mountain area, and the threat of flood was great.

Main tributaries

runoff

There are many tributaries of Yalu River, which are mainly distributed on the east slope of Daxing'an Mountains with more precipitation. The main tributaries are Donggou, Nandahe, Daxigou, dadongou, ailingou, amuniuhe, shimentao, woniuhe, shaligou, wudahaqi, tabaniugou, Zhonghe Guanqu, Jiqin River, handahan River, qikeqi River, etc.

Donggou, originated in yaoliangyu north of Daxing'anling mountain, northeast of Boketu Town, Yakeshi City, at the junction of Oroqen Autonomous Banner and Arong Banner, has a river length of 29.4 km and an average gradient of 10.7 ‰. From northeast to southwest, it flows to the southeast of Boketu town and joins into Yalu River.

Ailingou, which originates from the north of daguangding mountain in the northwest of Balin Town, Yakeshi City, has a river length of 42.2km and an average gradient of 6.06 ‰. The source of the river is Xiaobeigou, which flows eastward and southward to the mouth of Xiaobeigou, which is called Dabeigou below, and flows into Yalu River in the southeast of Lamashan station.

Amuniu River, originated from the junction of Balin town and chuoyuan town in Yakeshi city (Yake mountains, 1386m above sea level), flows eastward, with a length of 87.5km and a drainage area of 1790km2 (with a total drainage area of 1814.36km2 and a river length of 73.7km)

）The average gradient is 3.64 ‰. It flows from the southwest to the northeast, then to the southeast, and then to the east below the kunniqi estuary, which is the boundary river between Zhalantun city and Yakeshi city. It joins the Yalu River at the north boundary of Nanmu (5km east below the kunniqi estuary), which is the boundary river between Yakeshi City and Zhalantun city. The main tributaries are kunniqi River, datiegulu River, Kuku River, Hefa River, waligagou, zhuanxinhugou, etc.

The drainage area of Zhalantun city is 791.60 square kilometers.

Woniuhe River, originated from wuseqi mountain in Zhalantun City, with a sea level of 1147 meters, is a primary tributary on the left bank of Yalu River. It flows southeast and runs through woniuhe town. It joins Yalu River near woniuhe railway station to the north of Zhalantun city. The drainage area is 1260.34 square kilometers, and the river length is 90.53 kilometers. Local villagers rely on the river for irrigation.

The hadahan river was called hadahan River in Qing Dynasty. It is a major tributary on the right bank of Yalu River. It originated in huolongshan, Zhalantun City, Hulunbuir League. Southeast flow, the whole basin runs through the haduo River to Genghis Khan border fort and flows into zalait banner

. In the northwest of zhalaid banner, it enters Hulun League, and near Baimiaozi, there is wuerqigen river flowing in and out.

From northwest to Southeast, after entering the south of Longjiang County, it flows through Jingxing, Xingshan, touzhan and other towns, and then flows into Yalu River.

The total length is 141 km (162 km)

）The total area of the basin is about 4423 square kilometers.

It is 72.3 km long in Hulun League

Longjiang County is 42 kilometers long

. The river in Zhalantun is 31.9 km long with a drainage area of 1535.56 km2.

The drainage area in Hulun League is 2200 square kilometers. The average gradient is 1.99/1000. The Han Dahan river basin is a low mountain and hilly area. In 1949, the river was still a small stream, which was widened year by year after being scoured by floods. By 1990, the widest part of the main channel was less than 100 meters, and the widest part of the floodplain was 600 meters. The river course is curved, the change of scouring and silting is large, and the pebble bed is smooth. The average annual runoff of the river is 286 million cubic meters. The average annual discharge is 9.07 m3 / s. The maximum peak discharge is 640 m3 / s.

Weilian River, a tributary on the left bank of the handahan River, originates from the east slope of the Yake mountains in Zhalantun City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

）It flows through wadi and Guanmen mountain to Genghis Khan's border fort and into Longjiang County. The average width of the river is 10 meters, and the length of the river is 4.5 kilometers through Longjiang County

Chinese PinYin : Ya Lu He