Bitahai

Bitahai is the highest Lake in Yunnan Province. It is said that tiannu accidentally dropped the mirror when she was dressing. The mirror broke and formed many plateau lakes. Bitahai is one of the most beautiful lenses inlaid with emeralds.

From June to July every year, people can see the unique landscape of "cuckoo drunk fish" in Bitahai. It is said that the old bear in the forest will also take advantage of the moonlight to catch the drunk fish. Feng mu, a famous writer, once described this scene. From then on, the scene of "cuckoo drunk fish" in Bitahai became famous in the world.

Bitahai Nature Reserve

synonym

Bitahai generally refers to Bitahai Nature Reserve

Bitahai Nature Reserve is located in the east of Zhongdian County in the northwest of Yunnan Province, 25 kilometers away from the county. With Bitahai as the center, the reserve covers a total area of 840 square kilometers. Bitahai is about 3 km long and 1 km wide. It is called "bitadaco" in Tibetan. "BITA" means cattle blanket, "Virtue" means magic, "wrong" means sea. Bitahaisu is known as the Pearl of the plateau. The lake is 3538 meters above sea level. It is the highest Lake in Yunnan Province. In history, bitahaisu was once a flooded depression. In the Quaternary, with the strong uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, it formed a plateau appearance.

Tourism information

Shuttle Bus

There are four buses to Pudacuo at Shangri La passenger station every day. The departure time is 8:00, 8:30, 9:30 and 10:00, and the return time is 14:00, 14:30, 15:00 and 16:30. The fare is 15 yuan for one way and 30 yuan for round trip, about half an hour's drive.

Charter a car

Shangri la county can charter a bus to Shangri La, and the round-trip fare is about 180 yuan. Drivers will wait at the entrance of the scenic spot.

taxi

Shangri la takes a taxi to Shangri La, the reference price is 80 yuan for one way and 150 yuan for round trip; in guchengkou, there are often taxis for individual passengers to carpool, and the price is about 55 yuan / person. But you should pay attention to when you go, you'd better make an appointment with the driver to pick up, and leave the driver's phone number, so as not to miss the car when you return.

geographical environment

The reserve is located in Pudacuo National Park in Zhongzhong County, Northwest Yunnan Province. Located on the plateau above Hengduan Mountains, it belongs to the transition zone from Qinghai Tibet Plateau to Yunnan Plateau. Surrounded by mountains, green trees and continuous snow peaks. It is a fault structure lake with a conch shape. The lake is 3539 meters above sea level, 3000 meters long from east to west, 700 meters wide from north to south, 1500 meters wide at the widest and 300 meters narrow at the narrowest. The average water depth is 20 meters, the deepest is about 40 meters, and the water area is 159 hectares. It is composed of snowy mountains and streams. The water is blue and the shadow of snowy mountains is reflected in the lake. There are islands in the lake. Spruce, alpine pine, alpine oak, birch and willow grow in the lake. Bitahai attracts tourists with its beautiful and quiet nature.

natural resources

Established in 1984, the nature reserve is a provincial nature reserve in Yunnan Province. The total area is 14181 hectares. The main protected objects are rare waterfowls and their habitats, waterfowl wetland ecosystem and subalpine coniferous forest ecosystem.

The reserve is a plateau lake, which is located in the southern extension of Tibet. It is a relatively flat quasi plateau in the upper part of Hengduan Mountains, with a relative elevation difference of 900 meters. Bitahai is inlaid on the plateau. The average annual temperature is 5.4 ℃, the lake is frozen for 3-4 months in winter, and the snow cover in mountain area is 7-8 months; the annual precipitation is 620 mm.

Animal resources

Bitahai Nature Reserve has a sub warm climate. Wild animal and plant resources are very rich. The vegetation is mainly Abies longibracteata, with a volume of 2.33 million cubic meters. Among the rare birds and beasts, there are clouded leopard, black necked Crane, green tailed rainbow pheasant, etc., and there are also dozens of economic and ornamental animals, such as black bear, brown bear, Tibetan pika, parrot, thrush, etc. Zhongdian heavy lipped fish is an endemic species in the lake.

plant resources

There are four types of vegetation around the lake: coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, shrub and meadow. Subalpine coniferous forests include Abies fargesii forest, Picea oleifera forest, Sequoia koraiensis forest and alpine pine forest, which are endemic to Western Sichuan, Northern Yunnan and southeastern Tibet. Abies fargesii forest is distributed in shady slope, semi shady slope and above 3700 m above sea level, with a volume of 450-600 m3 / ha, and undergrowth shrubs including Rhododendron, Fargesia and mosses; Picea youmaidiao forest is distributed in shady slope, semi shady slope and Ravine at sea level of 3200-3700 m, with a volume of 750-900 m3 / ha, undergrowth shrubs including Fargesia, honeysuckle, etc.; Sequoia fortunei forest is distributed in shady slope, semi shady slope and Ravine at sea level of 3200-3700 m, with a volume of 750-900 m3 / ha It is a secondary forest formed after the destruction of spruce forest. It is a strong positive and fast-growing pioneer tree species in high mountains, with a stock volume of 100-320 m3 / ha. Alpine pine forest is distributed in sunny and semi sunny slopes below 3800 meters above sea level, belonging to secondary forest. Alpine pine is a drought resistant, light loving and highly adaptable tree species, with a stock volume of 64 m3 / ha.

The vegetation in the reserve is a part of the water and soil conservation and water conservation forest in Jinsha River, which plays an important role in maintaining the ecological balance in the middle and upper reaches of the three rivers.

Wetland resources

Bitahai is the highest distributed plateau lake in Yunnan Province. It is formed under the joint action of fault structure and dissolution structure. The lake is 3 km long from east to west, 0.3-1.5 km wide from north to south, and has a water area of 159 hectares. The source of water comes from the surrounding streams. The lake water flows 500 meters from the East into the underground karst cave, flows into the Luoji River and Niru river through the underground river, and finally flows into the Jinsha River. The lake water is light brown, which is due to the low temperature, humus is not easy to decompose. There are three swampy meadows in the south, West and north of the lake.

Regional characteristics

The Tibetan language "BITA" is a place where oak trees grow in patches. In Tibetan, Bitahai means peaceful sea. It's special to watch the Bitahai in spring on a sunny day. Around the lakeside, pines and oak trees block out the sun. Bitahai is surrounded by dark colored mountains, like an emerald inlaid in the mountains. The water of the lake is clear and bright, shining in the sun's rays of gold. The mountain is close to the lake, and the scenery of the mountain and the water are integrated into one. It can be said that "half lake, green mountain and half lake water". The rhododendrons around the lake are gorgeous, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, and the fish are swimming along the Bank of the shoal. From the sea of rhododendrons, on the vast meadow, flocks of cattle and sheep roam leisurely on the meadow dotted with flowers. The light of the lake and the grassland reflect each other.

As there is no pollution, the Bitahai fish resources are well preserved. One of them has three lips! This is the "BITA heavy lipped fish" named by Chinese biologists. It is a species left over from the Quaternary glacial period and has a history of 2.5 million years.

In May, the rhododendrons are in full bloom. The petals of rhododendrons on the Bank of BITA sea float in the water one after another, attracting fish. After swallowing the petals, the fish are drunk and float on the water. In this way, the drunk fish and rhododendrons form a unique landscape of the lake. It is said that the old bear in the forest will also catch the drunk fish in the moonlight. Feng mu, a famous writer, once described this scene. From then on, the scene of "cuckoo drunk fish" in Bitahai became famous in the world. Unique water, unique flowers and unique animals form the unique scenery and lake light. The mountains, the pines, the oaks, and the flowers are so beautiful that they make people intoxicated.

Tourism characteristics

From shangri la county to Shuangqiao, you can ride on the road to Bitahai. Riding on the horses prepared by the Tibetans, you can stroll in the embrace of spring. The horse's hooves are light, you can cross rivers and streams, you can walk through forests and grass, and a sheep's intestines plank road leads you to Bitahai. Bitahai is named after the tower shaped hills in the lake. The clear and quiet water is the beautiful eyes of God. It is very clear and quiet, just like a mirror, and it is the holy land under the protection of God. Around the island, the trees are reflected in the water. There is green forest in the water. There is water in the green forest. The waves are clear. It has a feeling of "half lake, green mountain and half lake water". Seeing this tower, the image of the so-called "Bitahai" becomes more vivid.

In the early morning, the lake is as dark as ink, and the peaks are all reflected in it. At noon, the water is as blue as jasper, and the clouds and shadows show infinite beauty. In the evening, the water and the sky are the same color, golden and dazzling. The lake water is clear, green and beautiful all year round. There are many rare birds and fish in the lake, including black necked Crane, a national first-class protected animal, and rare fish called "BITA heavy lipped fish" by biologists.

Source legend

Bitahaisu is known as the Pearl of the plateau, the most attractive is the tower like hills and the clear and quiet water of the lake. They are endowed with a mythical meaning. It is said that the mirror lost by the heavenly daughter when she was dressing was broken and formed many plateau lakes. Bitahai is one of the most beautiful lenses inlaid with emeralds. It is also said that this is the "poison Lake" mentioned in the biography of King Gesar. When Jiangling fought to Bitahai, because of the ice and snow and the dim light of the lake, the Knights of lingguo forced the enemy into the lake and were submerged. The defeated Jiangguo believed that this was the result of the protection of Bitahai, so he built a temple on the hill. Some people say that this island is the summer resort of the Ming Dynasty Naxi Mutian king, others say that this is a temple built by treasure hunters. In a word, Bitahai contains rich natural and cultural connotations.

Address: Shuangqiao Pudacuo scenic area, Shangri La County, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Longitude: 99.984885303492

Latitude: 27.822417448109

contact number

Chinese PinYin : Bi Ta Hai