Xuanhuagang Gongbei

Xuanhuagang Gongbei

Xuanhuagang, Chinese Islamic mausoleum. Located in the northwest of Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County, Gansu Province, Beishan Chawan village is also known as "Xuanhua gangdaotang" and "Beishan Gongbei". It is the mausoleum of Ma Hualong, Ma Yuanzhang, Ma Jincheng and Ma Yuanchao, the tutors of zhehelin yemenhuan. The so-called "Xuanhua" means "publicize and educate". Gongbei, a transliteration of Arabic, is a domed building built for Chinese Islamic officials in the burial ground and Daotang of their teachers.

survey

Xuanhuagang is the memorial site of the beishanmenhuan of the "zhehrenye" School of Islam in China. "Zhehrenye" is Arabic, which means to be open and loud. It can also be translated into Gaonian school or Gaozan school, which means to praise Allah and commemorate saints.

Xuanhuagang used to be the place where Ma Yuanzhang and Ma Yuanchao brothers fled and lived in seclusion in the late Qing Dynasty. Later, they made a living by farming. They secretly spread the philosophy of zhe helinye. In 1882, they redeemed the remains of Ma Hualong and others and buried them here. Later, it developed into the center of teaching, preaching, meditation and management of the Church of zheherin yemenhuan.

history

Xuanhua post contains the remains of the four sect leaders of the "zhehrenye" sect. It is also the base of the seventh generation sect leader Ma Yuanzhang and his third younger brother Ma Yuanchao to revive the sect. Ma Yuanzhang is the fourth grandson of Ma Mingxin, the founder of the school of philosophy. During the reign of Tongzhi, the officials of "zhehrenye" were brutally suppressed by the Qing government and almost disappeared. Ma Yuanzhang and his brothers fled from Yunnan and lived in seclusion in the north mountain of Zhangjiachuan. Later, they bought a small amount of land belonging to the Liu family and took farming as the main task. They secretly carried out the revival of "zhehrenye". This is the base area.

In the eighth year of Guangxu (1882 AD), Ma Yuanzhang sent people to buy back the skulls of Ma Hualong and other four people with a lot of money and bury them here, which became Ma Yuanchao's residence to guard Ma Hualong's tomb. Later, it gradually became a Taoist hall for Ma Yuanzhang and Ma Yuanchao to preach and meditate in public, which was called "Beishan Gongbei" by believers.

In 1889, a Bagua dome was built on the tomb of Ma Hualong, which was called Gongbei in Arabic. The large-scale construction of Gongbei began in 1915, and the name of xuanhuagang spread from then on. After three generations of expansion, the scale has gradually expanded, covering an area of 13200 square meters. In the post, there are four Bagua tombs of Ma Hualong, Ma Yuanzhang, Ma Jincheng and Ma Yuanchao. In addition, there are 24 Scripture Pavilion courtyard, worship hall, reception courtyard, Scripture school, family courtyard and ancillary building facilities. Therefore, Gongbei of xuanhuagang has become the center of the national "zhehrenye" cult.

Characteristics and current situation

The group buildings in Gongbei are large-scale, mostly hall like structures, with different shapes and exquisite skills. They are exquisitely carved in brick and wood, with precious carpets, flowers, incense burners and so on. They also have Islamic classics, Chinese historical books, calligraphy and painting of celebrities, calligraphy and painting of Arabic classics, plaque inscribed by celebrities, and four treasures of precious study.

The architecture of xuanhuagang is exquisite, spacious and clean. It is divided into the residence of the guests and their families, the preaching room and the tomb of the leader. Since the Republic of China, many celebrities, military and political dignitaries, such as an Weijun, Yuan Shikai, Yu Youren, Feng Yuxiang, Ji Hongchang, Bai Chongxi and Duan Qirui, have come here or admired them. They have presented plaques and inscribed poems.

During the reform of religious system and the cultural revolution in 1958, xuanhuagang was demolished. Many valuable cultural relics, such as books, inscriptions and couplets, were lost. Only a few of them are now in the County Museum.

After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, after more than 20 years of construction, maintenance and arrangement, one Jingting, four Gongbei, guest rooms and bathrooms were built. The hall is a Chinese classical building, with ridges and corners, covered by tube tiles, grand and solemn. There are four Bagua Gongbei in the north, and the first one from the right is the tomb of Ma Hualong, the Hui leader in the anti Qing struggle in the Tongzhi period of emperor Mu Zong of the Qing Dynasty (1862-1874). In the middle are the tombs of Ma Yuanzhang and Ma Yuanchao, and on the left are the tombs of Ma Jincheng. The four Gongbei are carefully designed and built by foreign architectural craftsmen. Their buildings have their own system and unique style. Gongbei shape four corner flying Pavilion, corner Pavilion confrontation, tower protrusion, glazed tiles shining, the top of the tower is unique. In the past, ninglingbao and Gongbei were connected by earth walls, with trees and shrubs such as pine and cypress, poplar and holly planted inside. Gongbei is surrounded by pines and cypresses. In spring, the flowers of Longbai are blooming and fragrant; in summer, the mountain flowers are brilliant, the trees are shady, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, and the scenery is charming.

activity

Gongbei of Xuanhua Gang is the largest Mausoleum of Chinese Islamic zhehrenyemenhuan and the unique, elegant and simple national architectural style, which has attracted many past guests and a number of philosophers. More than 10 "Manli" activities of different sizes are held every year in Gongbei, Xuanhua, to mourn the martyrs and pray for the dead. The largest is the 13th anniversary of the death of Ma Hualong on the 13th day of the first month of the lunar calendar. At that time, Muslims from all over the country come to Gongbei of xuanhuagang with piety and respect to offer sacrifices and worship in the cold wind. On the memorial day and birthday day of the philosophers and their ancestors, Gongbei in xuanhuagang slaughtered cattle and sheep, fried oil incense, recited the Koran, worshiped the Lord and praised the saints. The whole activity had a strong religious color.

Address: Chawan village, Beishan, 10 miles northwest of Zhangjiachuan county

Longitude: 106.19439697266

Latitude: 35.026321411133

Chinese PinYin : Xuan Hua Gang Gong Bei