Crane releasing Pavilion

Crane releasing Pavilion

The crane releasing pavilion was built by Zhang Tianji, a hermit in Pengcheng. The pavilion is 11.95 meters long from north to South and 4.95 meters deep from east to west. It is simple and elegant with the eaves of Xieshan. Zhang Tianji was known as "Yunlong mountain man", and Su Shi became a good friend with him when he was the governor of Xuzhou. The mountain people raise two cranes. Every morning, they release the cranes in this pavilion, so the pavilion gets its name. In the autumn of the first year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi wrote the story of the crane releasing Pavilion, which not only described the changeable and charming scenery of Yunlong mountain, but also praised Zhang Shanren's reclusive life and created an extraordinary recluse image. As a result, the article is well-known, and was selected as the "Guwen Guanzhi". Yunlong mountain and Fanghe pavilion are also famous around the world.

Crane is also an ancient sage. In ancient times, there was a beautiful talk about Lin Bu's "plum wife and crane son" and Zhang Tianji's seclusion. Releasing cranes is a metaphor for recruiting virtuous people.

Basic introduction

Located on the top of Yunlong mountain, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, the crane releasing pavilion was built in 1078 by Zhang Tianji, a hermit in Pengcheng. Su Shi once wrote a story of crane releasing Pavilion, which described the moving picture of crane releasing with a pen like rafter, making crane releasing Pavilion and Yunlong mountain famous all over the world. From the north gate of Yunlong mountain to the top of the third section of the mountain, there are five official characters "the former site of zhangshanren" written by Tian Geng, the magistrate of Xuzhou in 1906. Walking into the gate, there is a flat and open square courtyard with corridors. To the east of the courtyard is the crane pavilion with flying eaves and Danying. The pavilion is 11.95 meters long from north to South and 4.95 meters deep from east to west. There is a platform in front of it and a corridor around it. It is very elegant.

On the west side of the crane releasing Pavilion is the drinking crane spring, which has been dependent on each other for more than a thousand years. 20 meters south of the crane releasing Pavilion and more than 10 meters south of the crane drinking spring, there is a small pavilion called Zhaohe Pavilion, which is built in a towering place. It is named after the song of Zhaohe in the story of crane releasing Pavilion. Zhaohe Pavilion is of brick and wood structure. It is small and exquisite, and the eaves are flying. It is a good place to climb and overlook. The three historic sites of Fanghe Pavilion, Yinhe spring and Zhaohe pavilion are closely related.

Building and chanting pavilions

"Zhang Shanren" written on the gate of the courtyard is Zhang Tianji, a hermit from Yunlong mountain in the Northern Song Dynasty, who built the crane releasing Pavilion at first. Zhang Tianji (1041 -), with the name of shengtu, is a native of Yunlong mountain. His family has gardens, fields and houses, and a thatched cottage is built in huangmaogang at the West foot of Yunlong mountain. He loves poetry, books, flowers and music. His father Zhang Xifu, his mother Li Shi and himself are deeply influenced by Taoist philosophy.

The famous crane releasing Pavilion is not only related to its beautiful environment, but also because it connects the friendship between Su Shi and Zhang Tianji. Su Shi was also influenced by Taoism in his early years. He grew up in his hometown of Meishan County, Sichuan Province, and studied with Zhang Yijian, a Taoist of Tianqing temple in Meishan, for three years. As an adult, Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism had almost the same attraction to Su Shi. His rough official career and repeated political setbacks contributed to his open-minded character. Therefore, he and Zhang Tianji are very close to each other. In a large number of poems written by Su Shi in Xuzhou, the name of Zhang Shanren appears frequently.

Su Shi often brought guests, officials and even geisha to Fanghe pavilion to drink. Zhang Shanren was also used to be a wine companion. Su Shi returned drunk many times. In his poem, he described this kind of scene: "ten thousand wooden locks, clouds and dragons, and the sky is left in Daigong. Lumi mountain back, people in the West and east of Yunnan. Shepherd's purse is covered with snow in spring and cherry is covered with wind at night. I don't remember when I enter the city. I'm drunk on my way back. " This poem is not only a confession of Su Shi's happy mood here in Zhangshan, but also a portrayal of the beautiful scenery of Yunlong mountain.

In the 10th year of Xining reign, Zhang Tianji was 38 years old and had not yet married. Su Shi was willing to be a matchmaker for Zhang Shanren and find a suitable woman for him, but Zhang Shanren declined. He said that he should adhere to the Taoist celibacy of "it's better to learn to keep in good health and take a thousand breath at one breath". From this, we can see that Zhang Shanren is addicted to the art of "cultivating one's nature" and that Su and Zhang care for each other intimately. Their friendship lasted for a long time. Twelve years later, when Su Shi was the governor of Hangzhou in the fourth year of Yuanyou reign (1089 AD), Zhang Tianji traveled thousands of miles to Hangzhou to see him. Su Shi warmly entertained the old friend and stayed for 10 days before giving him a farewell poem.

Repair record

"Famous mountain and high scholar, people and land rely on each other", people love elegant crane Pavilion, also naturally Miss elegant and bold sushi and zhangshanren. The crane releasing pavilion has collapsed and been repaired for generations. Dai Shizong, the governor of Xuzhou in 1532 A.D., and Wu Shixiong, the governor of xuhaidao in 1872 A.D., rebuilt the crane releasing Pavilion. It was also built after the revolution of 1911. However, the pavilion was in disrepair for a long time, and on the eve of liberation, it was in a state of disrepair. After liberation, the people's government appropriated money for renovation and restoration. In 1979, the crane releasing pavilion was renovated and decorated with colorful Danying. take on an altogether new aspect. The original hanging plaque of "Fanghe Pavilion" written by Qianlong was replaced by Su Shi's handwriting, and the plaque was made again and hung on it. In this way, it is more historical and more interesting for tourists. Inside the pavilion, the windows are bright and clean, and the walls are decorated with famous calligraphers and paintings.

Surrounding historic sites

On the west side of the crane releasing Pavilion is the drinking crane spring, which has been dependent on each other for more than a thousand years. 20 meters south of the crane releasing Pavilion and more than 10 meters south of the crane drinking spring, there is a small pavilion called Zhaohe Pavilion, which is built in a towering place. It is named after the song of Zhaohe in the story of crane releasing Pavilion. Zhaohe Pavilion is of brick and wood structure. It is small and exquisite, and the eaves are flying. It is a good place to climb and overlook. The three historic sites of Fanghe Pavilion, Yinhe spring and Zhaohe pavilion are closely related.

Yinhe spring is located in the west of Fanghe Pavilion. Now we can see that Yinhe spring is chiseled into a well. The stone fence is surrounded by four sides, which is quite beautiful. On the south side of the well stands a stone tablet with the word "historic site" on it. The middle book has three large characters of "drink crane spring". The first one is "Tianqi Guihai mid winter auspicious day", and the second one is "ancient Zhang Xuan chongjun". "Tianqi Guihai" is the third year of Tianqi reign of emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty (1623 AD). At that time, Zhang Xuan, the head of some departments in Xuzhou, set up this monument as a memorial after drinking from Hequan. The inscription is written by Zhang Xuan. His native place is Gubu, which is Gaoyi. Now it is Baixiang County, Hebei Province.

According to the old local chronicles, "drinking crane spring is a stone Buddha well, which is more than seven Zhang deep." In 1487 A.D., the inscription of "rebuilding the stone Buddha Temple" in the 23rd year of Chenghua of the Ming Dynasty says: "there is a well on the top of the mountain. Those who abandon it but do not eat it for years will find its debris as sweet as ever." In the ninth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1895 AD), another dredging was carried out, and there was also a tablet saying, "if you don't get a spring within five feet, it's very sweet." From these two paragraphs of written records, we can think of Su Shi's poem "you Zhang Shanren garden": "Wen Daojun's well water, GUI Xuan's begging is full of bottle back." We can imagine that the water quality of Hequan is pure and sweet.

After liberation, the Hequan water was still three feet deep. Later, it was blocked and dried up by throwing stones. In 1962, he once again panned the spring well. Yang Yixin, engineer of Xuzhou water supply company, once went down the well to measure, and the well depth was 24.6m. It is consistent with the old records of "qizhangyu". The shaft wall is chiseled through the rock, with two stone cracks: one is 6.5m below the North wellhead, with a vertical length of 3M; the other is 1.9m above the bottom of the shaft in the southwest, with a horizontal length of 0.35m. It is estimated that this is the channel of water source. It is a pity that there is no more water because of the decline of groundwater level.

The famous geographical work of the Northern Song Dynasty, Taiping Huanyu Ji, also has a record of drinking crane spring: "there is a well on the top of Shifo mountain, two feet square and three miles deep, with natural liquid water, no increase or decrease in spite of rain and drought. Or cloud drink can heal disease. From time to time, the clouds came out of it, and the earth was more than 700 feet away. " There are exaggerations in these records, but they also point out the characteristics of drinking crane spring: "drinking it can cure disease", "sometimes clouds come out of it". Does this mean that there are some minerals in the well water?

There is a pavilion in the northwest corner of fangheting courtyard, and a small porch with exquisite doors and windows in the southwest corner. This was originally the "imperial stele Pavilion", in which there was a poem tablet named "you Yun Long Shan Zuo" by Emperor Gaozong Hongli of Qing Dynasty. Emperor Qianlong had come to Xuzhou four times, almost every time he would climb Yunlong mountain, and he must leave some "Royal poems" to boast elegant "Royal books". Now the inscriptions written by Qianlong for Yunlong mountain have been moved to the corridor behind the crane releasing Pavilion. The stele corridor and the boat hall in the north of the corridor are also attractive places for tourists in the pavilion. The famous prose story of the crane releasing Pavilion

In the autumn of the tenth year of Xining, Pengcheng Dashui, Yunlong mountain native Zhang Junzhi's thatched cottage, water and its half gate. Spring, water, moved to the east of the former residence, the foot of Dongshan. If you look up, you will find a different place and make a pavilion on it. The mountain of Pengcheng is surrounded by hills and mountains, which is like a big ring. It lacks only the west side, while the pavilion of mountain people is appropriate. At the turn of spring and summer, the vegetation is in the sky, and the snow and moon in autumn and winter are in the same color. Between the wind and rain, pitching changes. Mountain people have two cranes, very tame and good at flying. If you look at the lack of the western mountain, you will be able to let it go. If you look at it, you will either stand in the fields or soar in the clouds. At dusk, you will go back to the eastern mountain. Therefore, it is called "Fanghe Pavilion."

Su Shi, the prefect, went to see the mountain people from Binzuo officials. He drank in the pavilion and enjoyed it. He told the mountain people, "do you know the pleasure of living in seclusion? Although the king in the south, not with easy also. The book of changes says, "the crane is in Yin, and its son is in harmony with it." The book of songs says, "the crane crows in Jiugao, and the sound is heard in heaven." It is a kind of leisure and aloof from the dust. Therefore, people in the book of changes and the book of songs compare with the virtuous, the gentleman and the hermit. However, Duke Wei Yi was good at crane, but he died. Duke Zhou wrote Jiugao and Duke Wei Wugong Yijie. They thought that there was no such thing as wine. Liu Ling and Ruan Ji were famous for their authenticity. Ho Fu! Although the king in the south is far away, he who is as free as a crane is not good; if he is good, he will perish. And the hermits in the mountains and forests, though they are desolate and confused, can't do harm to them, let alone cranes? From this point of view, it is not the same day

Chinese PinYin : Fang He Ting