Hunan Forest Botanical Garden

Hunan Forest Botanical Garden

Hunan forest botanical garden, also known as Tianjiling National Forest Park and Changsha botanical garden, was established in 1985 with the approval of Hunan Provincial People's government and is subordinate to Hunan Provincial Forestry Department. The botanical garden is located in Yuhua District, Changsha City, the capital of Hunan Province, covering an area of 140 hectares with a forest coverage rate of 90%. The garden has introduced, domesticated and ex situ preserved more than 4000 species of 3200 species belonging to 900 genera of 208 families, and has received, cured and domesticated 112 species of wild animals, including Cathaya argyrophylla, Davidia involucrata, Tragopan Tragopan and other national first-class protected plants and animals.

In the park, there is a breeding base of Tragopan population, a national first-class protected animal, and the first "publicity and Education Center for forest and wetland biodiversity protection" in China. There are many kinds of flowers in the botanical garden. The garden also holds flower exhibitions from time to time to enjoy tulips and cherry blossoms. In March and April every year, this is a place for people to enjoy cherry blossoms. There are pavilions in the park, which is also a place for Changsha citizens to relax.

In January 2012, Hunan forest botanical garden was rated as a national 4A scenic spot according to the announcement of national tourism scenic spot quality rating committee (No.1 in 2012).

On October 11, 2018, he was selected into the list of "national primary and secondary students' research and practice education base".

In August 2019, it was awarded as "advanced collective for protecting forest and wildlife resources" by the State Forestry and grassland administration. On September 20, 2019, it won the title of national greening model unit.

On December 25, 2019, the people's Government of Hunan Province held a press conference to announce that the forest botanical garden of Hunan Province will be officially open to the public free of charge from January 1, 2020

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Historical evolution

Established in 1985, Hunan forest botanical garden is a public welfare scientific research institution integrating scientific research, species conservation, popular science education and eco-tourism, which is subordinate to the Forestry Department of Hunan Province.

In 1992, Tianjiling National Forest Park was established with the approval of the former Ministry of forestry. In 1994, it was approved as Hunan wildlife rescue and breeding center by the former Ministry of forestry. In September 1999, the Forestry Department of Hunan Province, in cooperation with WWF and Finnish forest and parks administration, established the first "publicity and Education Center for forest and wetland biodiversity protection" in Hunan forest botanical garden, which is open to the public free of charge.

The logo of Hunan forest botanical garden was determined in 2009.

On September 27, 2012, the 31st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th People's Congress of Hunan Province passed the "Regulations on botanical gardens of Hunan Province", which came into force on January 1, 2013. The planning, construction, protection and management of botanical gardens of Hunan Province were strengthened through legal means.

In Hunan forest botanical garden, there is a plant tissue culture center and a breeding base of Tragopan, a national first-class protected animal. By 2013, more than 100 yellow bellied TRAGOPANS have been cultivated.

Honors

In August 2019, it was awarded as "advanced collective for protecting forest and wildlife resources" by the State Forestry and grassland administration.

geographical environment

geographical position

Hunan forest botanical garden is located in Dongjing Town, Yuhua District, Changsha City, the capital of Hunan Province. It is located in the core area of transportation hub in Yuhua District. The park is surrounded by Xiangfu Road, Shaoshan Road, Wanjiali road and Lidong Road, adjacent to Beijing Zhuhai expressway. There are more than ten bus lines running through Hunan forest botanical garden.

Topography and soil

Yuhua District is near the west of the lower reaches of Liuyang River, and Guitang river passes through it. The northeast side is granite hilly area, the surface soil is mostly sandy soil, the mountain is steep, the ridges are not connected; the east side and southeast side are red rock hills, the altitude is generally about 100 meters.

Climatic characteristics

Hunan forest botanical garden belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate, which is characterized by mild climate, abundant precipitation, simultaneous rain and heat, and four distinct seasons. The average annual temperature is 17.2 ℃, and the average annual precipitation is 1361.6 mm. Summer and winter are long, spring and autumn are short. The temperature changes greatly in spring, with more rain in early summer, higher temperature in autumn and less severe cold in winter. From late March to mid May, the cold and warm air interacted with each other, forming a continuous rainy and low temperature weather. Since the last ten days of May, the temperature has increased significantly. In summer, the average daily temperature is above 30 ℃ for about 85 days, and the average annual temperature is above 35 ℃ for about 30 days. After the last ten days of September, it is warmer in the daytime, cooler at night, less precipitation and more low cloud days. From late November to mid March of the next year is winter, and January is the coldest, with the monthly average of 4.4 ℃. Overwintering crops can safely overwinter and grow slowly.

plant resources

Hunan forest botanical garden covers an area of 140 hectares, with a forest coverage rate of more than 90%. The ex situ conservation of plant species was carried out through gene bank, special garden and ecological forest. A total of 3200 species of 208 families, 900 genera, including Davidia involucrata, Cathaya argyrophylla and other rare plants, were successfully collected and conserved. It has built a gene bank of Magnoliaceae Species, conserved 78 species of Magnoliaceae plants, built a conservation base of rare and endangered plants with the largest number of reserves in the middle subtropical zone, and successfully conserved 118 species of rare and endangered trees, including living fossil Cathaya argyrophylla, Dovetree Davidia involucrata, dinosaur food Alsophila spinulosa, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, Styrax longicola, etc. According to the characteristics of different plants, the garden has built cherry garden, magnolia garden, shade plant rare botanical garden, Rhododendron Garden, bamboo garden, tea garden, osmanthus garden, colorful leaf botanical garden, medicinal botanical garden, world famous flower and tree garden, etc.

Michelia crassipes

Michelia purpurea is an evergreen shrub or small tree species in Michelia of Magnoliaceae. It is the only species with purple flowers in Hunan Province. The flower color and leaf size varied greatly. In 1990, a new bud mutation with ornamental value was found in a wild Michelia purpurea plant in the botanical garden. After years of observation, it was confirmed that the bud mutation was stable. The flower had a unique color of dark purple, with silver white border on the petals. The flower was large, with long flowering period and high aromatic content. It had high ornamental value in the garden. After 14 years of introduction, cultivation and propagation, a new variety of Michelia meziensis was finally bred and passed the provincial scientific and technological achievements appraisal in early 2006.

 

Black purple Michelia

A new budding variety of Michelia purpurea, a rare garden tree species, has been successfully bred and bred in Hunan forest botanical garden, and has been applied to landscaping.

Loropetalum chinense

A new variety of Loropetalum in Hunan Province, Loropetalum chinense < / Ivar. < icoloratum < / I C. 14 stable types of Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum were selected, and 8 types were selected to be popularized.

 

handkerchief tree

Hunan Forest Botanical Garden explored the main reasons why Davidia involucrate does not blossom and less flowers and fruits in low altitude areas, innovated the method of in-situ grafting cultivation and gradient introduction of Davidia involucrate, and the research results of Davidia involucrate grafting and artificial flower promotion; selected new varieties of Ligustrum Lucidum with flower leaves; selected 97 species of rare, unique and wild flower plants with great ornamental value in Hunan forest region, among which there are many 41 species have good prospects for promotion, 47 species have high ornamental value and need to be actively promoted.

 

Changiostyrax dolichocarpa

Styrax dolichocarpa (< ichangiostyrax dolichocarpa < / I (c.j.qi) c.t.chen) is a single Chinese endemic plant of Styrax genus of styraceae. It is a national second-class wild protected plant. It is only distributed in Shimen and Sangzhi of Hunan Province and Sixi of Zigui of Hubei Province, with an estimated population of no more than 700.

 

Main attractions

Cherry garden

Sakura garden was built in 1987, covering an area of 200 mu. It collects and displays nearly 70 varieties of early cherry and late cherry, such as Sakura Sakurai, Sakura Hongye, Sakura Chuizhi, Sakura yunnanensis, Sakura yuyihuang, Guanshan, bazhongdadao, puxianxiang, Sakura Weiye, Sakura yamasakura, and Sakura Donghua. Among them, 2000 Sakurai Sakurai Sakurai were given away by Shiga Prefecture of Japan in 1985. They have become the main ornamental species in the garden and are friendly to the Chinese and Japanese people The witness of the war. Cherry blossom and cherry Lake constitute a wonderful landscape. The reasonable allocation of Cherry Blossom varieties, such as early blossom varieties, middle blossom varieties and late blossom varieties, has extended the group viewing period of cherry blossom to about 40 days.

 

Mulan Garden

Magnolia garden was built in 1995. The garden is divided into three points, namely Sanxiang garden, Magnoliaceae plant exhibition area and Magnoliaceae plant germplasm resources gene bank. It is collectively known as magnolia garden, with a distribution area of about 180 mu. It is divided into four areas: Mulian District, Mulan District, Michelia district and comprehensive district

Chinese PinYin : Hu Nan Sheng Sen Lin Zhi Wu Yuan