Bamanzi tomb

Bamanzi tomb

In the Warring States period, there was such a man who broke his faith but did not abandon his righteousness. After his death, he was buried by the two countries according to the etiquette of Shangqing. It is a legendary life. The tomb of general bamanzi is an ancient tomb that has long been rumored. Since the Qing Dynasty, it has been repaired five times, but the debate is still going on: some people say that bamanzi's head is buried in Hubei, while his body is buried in Chongqing. The exact location can't be found, and only his clothes are buried here; others think that the specific historical data are less and less, and no one knows what bamanzi looks like or what clothes he usually wears, What weapons do you use? Therefore, he has become a legend.

Cemetery introduction

Commonly known as "General grave"

It is located under Yuhai building, Lianhuachi, Qixinggang, Yuzhong District.

The cemetery is an arched cave, with a length of 4.78 meters, a width of 5.2 meters, a height of 2.6 meters and an area of about 20 square meters. The tomb was built in a hexagonal shape with stone strips and a round top, sealed with three pieces of ash. In front of the tomb, there is a Xieshan style house cover made of stone and imitation wood structure, with a stone tablet inlaid in Qingxia on the front. The existing tombstone is Dan Maoxin, the elder of the 1911 Revolution, which is called "the tomb of Manzi, general Ba of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty".

The weathering phenomenon of tomb chamber and tombstone is serious. It can be seen that the tomb is hexagonal, all sealed with stone. The tomb of Manzi, a general of BA in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, is inscribed with seal script on the tombstone in the middle of the tomb.

In the Ming Dynasty, more than 500 years ago, there was a book named "records of places of interest in Sichuan" which described the Qixinggang where the tomb was located: "there is a stone tiger in lianhuaba after the county school. It is said that it is the tomb of Bawang." Later, some funerary objects were found, which proved that it was not the king but the general who was buried, so it was also called the general's grave by the common people.

Profile

Bamanzi was a general in the Warring States period more than 2000 years ago. Born in Linjiang City (now Zhongxian County, Chongqing) at the end of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, bamanzi committed suicide in order to protect Chengchi. Later generations thought of his loyalty and changed Linjiang to Zhongzhou (now Zhongxian County, Chongqing). The ancient city wall of bamanzishou is located in the east gate of the county, which is still visible.

In the long history of China, there are only two generals who are different in their heads and can be killed or buried in the ceremony of "Shangqing" or "Dukes". One is Guan Yu in the Three Kingdoms period, and the other is bamanzi in the spring and Autumn Warring States period.

Shuangzhong temple in Baxian County, Chongqing

There is a pair of couplets: "the country is unparalleled, the country is unparalleled, the country is unparalleled, the loyal minister is unparalleled, the loyal minister is unparalleled.". "Shuangguoshi" refers to general bamanzi and Qin Liangyu (bamanzi was born in the middle and late Warring States period, a general of the state of Ba; Qin Liangyu was born in Zhongxian County of Chongqing in Ming Dynasty, a famous female general of anti Qing Dynasty in the late Ming Dynasty).

Historical records

According to the records of the state of Huayang Ba Zhi, during the eastern weekend, general Manzi of the state of Ba begged Chu to send troops to pacify the civil strife and promised to thank each other with three cities. When the chaos was flat, bamanzi could not bear to cede the city. "He committed suicide and gave his head to the envoy of Chu." please apologize to the king of Chu. The king of Chu was moved to "bury his head with ceremony" and the state of Ba "bury his body with ceremony". There is a poem praising the incident, saying: "cut throat, high wind hanging sun and moon, save the old city Miaoshan river.".

The story has been recorded in Taiping Yulan, Sanba Ji and other historical books.

The tomb of bamanzi was built at a time that can not be traced back. It has been repaired in all dynasties. The records of the repair before the Qing Dynasty have been lost.

In the Ming Dynasty, the tomb of bamanzi was in the bear garden, which was the "Han Garden" where Wang Yingxiong, a Chongqing native, lived after he returned home. The tomb of bamanzi was originally here. Wang Yingxiong, relying on his power and regardless of the opposition of the villagers, demolished this historic site for the purpose of building a garden, which aroused the strong indignation of the local people and wrote poems to attack it.

During the reign of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, Zhang guangphosphonium, the prefect, rebuilt the stele and set up a special person to guard the tomb. In the second year of Qianlong (1737), Zhou Shangyi donated and built stones. In the 15th year of Daoguang (1835), magistrate Yang Pei donated 300 liang of salary silver and Zhongying guerrilla Ma huaimo rebuilt the tomb. They sent people to guard the tomb and offered sacrifices in the spring and Autumn period.

The existing Tomb of bamanzi was rebuilt in 1922. The existing tombstone is the inscription of Dan Maoxin in Rongxian County in the early Republic of China, which is called "the tomb of Manzi, a general of BA in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty".

In 1930, Liu Xiang presided over the reconstruction of the old city, demolishing the city walls and building roads. The main road in the central district went out of the city through fangjiashizi and Lianhuachi, and then filled up the area around the Ba tomb. The Ba tomb was under the fort ridge beside the road. After liberation, the roads in this area were completely renovated, widened and leveled, so the tomb of BA was buried at the foot of the road, with a stone arch to form a hole, and people and cars kept coming and going on the top.

In 2000, bamanzi tomb was listed as the first batch of municipal cultural relics protection units in Chongqing.

Poetry and Ode

There are many poems that praise bamanzi.

The Qing Dynasty Jinshi long Weilin's "walking through the tomb of bamanzi": "cutting neck, high wind, hanging the sun and the moon, preserving the old things of the city, Miaoshan river. I'm used to passing by the solitary grave on the West Road, and I think that there are many herbs in the east wind. It's enough to have such a minister. How about a general without surrender. Honest and upright people are cowardly and loyal, and there is no need for tourists all the time. "

The tomb of bamanzi, written by Wang Erjian, the author of Qianlong's Ba county annals, says: "the dome is so big, the tomb of Manzi is surrounded by rocks. How many mausoleum caves of princes and Marquises, qiao'er stands alone, and the two rivers are protected by the rainbow. It's like a man can see his head broken. City Xu City still exists, year after year spring grass green tomb gate. You do not see, back weak Lord, down strong Lord, cut off the head of the Lord, offer its soil. But he did not see that in the Ming Dynasty, he worshipped the emperor and secretly communicated with his neighbors, seeking peace and cutting off the land to honor his body. But I don't know Manzi grave. "

During the reign of Daoguang, Huang Zhongyu wrote in his tomb of bamanzi: "a corpse left in two places is fragrant. I want to see that he was brave and brave in that year. In front of him, he was a dagger at the National Palace, and behind him, he was worshipped in the ancestral temple." Mo Yun: "the rise and fall of things is only common, majestic mountains and rivers forever, the Ba people and Chu people are here today, leaving the general with a piece of land."

In the reign of Daoguang, there is a saying in the tomb of bamanzi written by Gong Li, who was taught by Wanxian County in the reign of Daoguang: "you can't lose your faith, but you can't match the city. If you want to break the city, you can make it complete. If you want to break the body, you can make it up. Ge Tong wields Lu Yang and touches the decadent pillar of heaven. I wear it on my head. The Qi is standing in Jin Yong's strong thousand sculls. There is still blood heat in the barren hills, and the vegetation is erect. The roar of the wind helps the stone horse hiss, and the moon is gloomy, suspecting Weng Zhong's language. General Ying soul for security, tour the river and mountain guard old department

In the tomb of bamanzi written by he Tongyun, the Minister of the Ministry of household and the Minister of the Ministry of military during the Xianfeng Period, it is said that "the head of a minister can get the city, but it is difficult to get the city. A sword is in front of the wind to thank qiangchu. The general is really a state minister, and he does not hesitate to protect his territory. The blue blood is hidden to the top of Bashan mountain. The river flows down the Bashan mountain. The turtle divination does not speak. It is close to the city. The beautiful city is gloomy and spring returns to autumn. How do you know that after three thousand years of experience, you can enter the prime minister's garden once. The prime minister does not die during his pleasure period, so how can he live next to ghosts? Flatten the mound and ridge the pavilion, then bury the nine plains with loyalty and indignation! The general's tomb will last forever if the business is not finished Besides praising bamanzi, he Tongyun also denounces Yingxiong's disrespect for this historic site.

Tourism planning

The Chongqing municipal government is going to rebuild and expand the tomb of general Ba, to build it into a historic spot in Chongqing, and to add a historical exhibition hall of general Ba as well as the relevant background and introduction of that era. It is believed that in the near future, a brand-new and old Memorial Hall of general Ba will be displayed in front of the world, providing a place for commemorating and remembering future generations who respect general BA from all over the world. Yuzhong District of Chongqing invested more than 1.2 million yuan in 2009 to repair the tomb of bamanzi and build a historical exhibition hall around it, which will be open to the public free of charge before the end of 2009.

Traffic situation

Subway: take subway line 1, get off at Qixinggang station and walk 600 meters.

Bus: take 465, 602, 268, get off at Chongqing Hotel and walk 100 meters. Take 471, 476, etc. and get off at Qixinggang station and walk for 600.

Address: beside Lianhuachi, Qixinggang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing

Longitude: 106.564885

Latitude: 29.553634

Ticket information: free.

Chinese PinYin : Ba Man Zi Mu