Zeng's ancestral hall

Zeng's ancestral hall

Zeng's ancestral hall is a family ancestral hall building, which belongs to Zeng's family's sacrificial place for ancestors and sages. Located in the north of Shenxiang Road, Xinqiao community, Shajing street, Bao'an District, it forms a large building group with Guanyin Tianhou temple, Guqiao zenggong temple and martial arts hall. The original date of the building needs to be verified. The present building is a large-scale expansion in the third year of Jiaqing reign of the Qing Dynasty (1798). It represents an excellent cultural form of ancestral belief and has great influence and historical value. On September 6, 1984, when it was announced as the second batch of key cultural relics protection units in Shenzhen, it was repaired. On July 17, 2002, it was announced as the fourth batch of key cultural relics protection units in Guangdong Province.

brief introduction

The world's literati school is consistent

The third tree in ancient and modern times

In Xinqiao community, Shajing street, Bao'an District, I saw this couplet. The atmosphere of its creation and the artistic conception of its expression are extraordinary and refined. The author of the couplet wrote that Zeng's ancestor was Zeng Shen, 72 disciples of Confucius. He was the authentic successor of Confucius' Confucianism. The "Zongsheng" after "Zhisheng" (Confucius) and "Fusheng" (Yanhui) was called Zeng ziye“ Therefore, there is a wonderful couplet of "the world's literati are consistent, and the ancient and modern arbors are the third".

layout

The ancestral hall is located in the northwest and faces southeast. It has five bays and three entrances. It is composed of the front hall, archway, middle hall, back hall, front, middle and back courtyard patio, left and right double eaves Pavilion, flower hall, etc. it is 21 meters wide and 50 meters deep, covering an area of more than 1050 square meters.

The front hall consists of five rooms, with front and back eaves and four school tables. On the top of the gate is a large red stone plaque engraved with the words "great ancestral hall of Zeng family". On both sides of the gate are a pair of hard red sandstone stone door pillows, with a height of one meter. Open the gate of the ancestral hall and look up. There is a plaque on the back of the front hall, which says "protect one side". In 1917, Mo Rongxin, then governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, presented a gift to the children of Xinqiao for their "meritorious deeds in defending Sangzi and catching thieves". It is said that in the winter of the fifth year of the Republic of China, several overseas Chinese returned to their hometown to visit their relatives for the new year. They also had a lot of silver and valuables. They were ready to buy land and buy real estate. This information was learned by the villains in his village, and quickly connected with his gangster state, gathered more than a dozen people to choose a day for action, trying to loot jinzhuyuan village. How do you know, jinzhuyuan village also got this information, and immediately organized personnel to defend it. After a whole night, the robbers were unable to enter the village. It's daybreak, and the thief comes back in vain. On the way of retreat, when they passed through tutangliao in Sanfang of Xinqiao, they forcibly plundered the sugarcane and granulated sugar in the village. When the villagers saw that they were so overbearing, they organized a group of villagers to capture the culprits. A total of 36 people were arrested and taken to Yunlin district government for custody. The following year, with the approval of the district government, the execution was carried out on the spot in Yunlin mountain. This is the story of "beating 36 friends". Mo Rongxin sent this plaque in recognition.

Looking back, the plaque of "inheritor of poetry and rites" is also written on the top of the gate, which shows the pursuit of literary excellence of Zeng's descendants.

Walking into the ancestral hall, there is a wing room on both sides of the front hall. Entering the front courtyard patio, a tall stone archway with four pillars and three rooms is visible. The archway is made of finely carved granite. The four pillars and three rooms have three floors of wood like structure. Each floor has three flower arches and a supporting bucket. In the center of the main ridge of the top plate of the veranda, there is a stone carved peach cloud. On both sides of the archway, there is a dragon pattern. The stone imitates the wood structure seven steps the Ruyi Dou Gong, each column front and back has HuGu stone to protect, HuGu stone is carves with a complete blue stone. There are four powerful characters of "family style of University" written on the front board of the archway. It not only commemorates the ancestor Zeng Zi, but also encourages the descendants of the family to take the ancestor as an example and "practice filial piety, study diligently, give courtesy and cultivate morality". On the right side of the sign is "the auspicious establishment in the early winter of Wu Wu Wu in the third year of Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty", and on the left side are "Sun Teng Guang worships the title in the hall and should respect the book in the middle". On both ends of the horizontal plaque are statues of wenchenfu holding a tripod in one hand and fluorene in the other. On the horizontal plaque are two seal characters of "Yidian" carved on a stone. On the left and right door forehead are the characters of "Tizhong" and "Xingshu".

On the back of the archway, there are four big characters of "a piece of stone remains bright" written on the horizontal board. On the right side, there is the inscription of "worship by Sun Yu under the hall", and on the left side, there is the inscription of "respect by Sun Yu under the hall". On both ends of the horizontal plaque, there are reliefs of cranes spreading their wings. On the horizontal banner, there are the same stone inscriptions of "Zhisu". On the left and right forehead, there are "Renxing" and "jiangrang" respectively. The total transverse span of the archway is 10 meters, the depth is 3 meters, and the main height is about 7 meters.

The stone archway is unique in design, elegant and solemn in shape. The relief image of Wen Chen and the cloud crane's wings are also the moral of crane's rising. It is exquisite in materials, exquisite in workmanship and lifelike. After more than 200 years, it is still as strong as ever. Shining in the sunshine, it is a rare granite architecture in Shenzhen. Cross the three-step stone archway and walk to the middle courtyard. On both sides of the huge courtyard, there are eight pillars with double eaves and one Xieshan Pavilion. The one on the south side has a door through the old well next door to get water from the well. When you come to the central hall, there are four steps of granite in the middle, with symmetrical platforms on both sides. Just above the center, there are three gold lettered plaques in regular script of "DaXueTang". On both sides, there is a couplet presented by Xiaolong village in Panyu. The first couplet is "through the ages of China, only Wugong has ever determined Zeng's surname." the second couplet is "the only son who has ever learned Confucianism"

The name of the university is right. The temple was changed into a school in the early period of the Republic of China until a new school was built after the reform. For nearly a century, the schools and schools here are places where the Zeng's descendants of Xinqiao study. In the 1960s and 1970s, they can accommodate more than 500 students at the same time. They have been called the University by the people of Xinqiao (including Jinxin Er, Shangxing, Shangliao, etc.). In the middle hall (also known as the lobby), there are many stone columns and wooden columns. The shape of the column base is beautiful; the height of the central part is six or seven meters, and the diameter of the column is about 40 cm. The stone column, wooden column, beam frame, bucket arch, hump, flower horn and other wood carvings are exquisite. Generally speaking, there are 12 round wooden pillars, 10 round stone pillars, 4 square stone pillars, and 14 round square red sandstone pillars in the ancestral hall, a total of 40. On the back screen of the main hall, there is a new double dragon signboard bestowed by Emperor Yongzheng. The structure of the whole nave is solid, the scale is grand, and the momentum is spectacular. From the three-level layout of stone archway, the four-level layout of the nave, and then the five level layout of the back hall, we can see that the level is distinct, the repair is exquisite, the antique and exquisite. It fully embodies the outstanding talent and artistic creativity of the ancient working people.

Walking through the small patio, you can see that the back hall has five rooms. In the middle of the hall is the shrine of Zeng's ancestors. The pig waist stone, which was broken when Shixing and Shigui brothers broke up, was originally put here. According to people who have seen the stone, it is shiny and similar to Wuyang stone. On the left and right sides are small rooms with walls, and there are north and South Flower halls on both sides of the courtyard. Throughout the ancestral hall, there are a variety of color murals and gray sculptures, with landscape figures and animals and plants as the theme, vivid and exquisite. It is the only five bay ancestral hall with archway in Shenzhen, and it is also one of the well preserved ancestral halls.

There are many talented generals

To become the hometown of famous families

It is said that there are more than ten pairs of banners in front of the original ancestral hall. In ancient times, all the disciples of the clan who were promoted or entered the nobility set up flags in front of the ancestral hall to show their glory. According to the election table of Xinan county annals of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty, from Kuimao zengtaiyuan in 1663, the second year of Kangxi, to Zengsheng province in 1819, 34 children of Xinqiao zengtaiyuan gained fame. Among them, Zeng Wentao of yimaoke in the 14th year of Kangxi (1675), Zeng Wenguang of renwuke in the 27th year of Qianlong (1762) and Zeng pengliang of yiyouke in the 30th year of Qianlong (1765) were still military examinees. In the four years of Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong and Jiaqing recorded in historical records, the Zeng's disciples of Xinqiao came forth in large numbers, especially the military officers. It is rare in Guangdong and even in the whole country that so many talents appear in such a village, surname and lineage. At that time, the status of Zeng's disciples in Xin'an County can be imagined. No wonder most of the martial arts and positions in Xin'an County in Qing Dynasty came from Zeng's family. Among them, Zeng Guotai was the general manager of Humen Zhongying, Zeng Guangyao was the general manager of Nanhui camp in Jiangnan, Zeng Tianbao was the general manager of nuohu camp, and Zeng Tianlu was the general manager of Chuansha camp in Jiangnan.

The Zeng family of Xinqiao is famous in Shajing and even Xin'an County by virtue of their martial arts disciples. Therefore, the construction of such a large-scale ancestral hall is the most normal.

In 2002, the people's Government of Guangdong Province announced it as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit.

Address: Longgang Village, Zhongluotan Town, Baiyun District, Guangzhou

Longitude: 113.38271

Latitude: 23.39706

Ticket information: no ticket required.

Chinese PinYin : Ceng Shi Da Zong Ci