Xiangjiang River

Xiangjiang River

Xiangjiang River, known as Xiangshui in ancient times, is also known as Yanmen river. Its upper source is Luotang River in Xunwu County. It belongs to Poyang Lake system in the Yangtze River Basin and is a tributary of Gongjiang section in the upper reaches of Ganjiang River (also known as one of the sources of Gongjiang River). It is said that Han Xiangzi, one of the eight immortals of the Tang Dynasty, lived in the hanxianyan of Yangjiao and cultivated himself into an immortal. Later generations called this place Xiangxiang and this water Xiangshui.

It originates at the junction of Jiangxi and Fujian and under the Tianhu lake of Luoshan Township, Xunwu County, at the southern foot of Bijia mountain in Wuyi Mountains. It flows through Xunwu County and Huichang County in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, and flows into Gongjiang River in the northeast of Huichang county. The river is 103.4 km long with a drainage area of 2049.3 km2. The basin is mainly located in Huichang County, with many tributaries and abundant water. The upstream is rich in hydraulic resources, and there are many hydropower facilities. The middle and lower reaches used to be the main waterway of Huichang County, with coastal towns all over the country, and the economy was relatively developed in history.

General situation of main stream

Xiangjiang River originates from Wushe village, Luoshan Township, Xunwu County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, and xiayuanshe village, huangzhuhu village, Jitan Town, and zhoushe village, Shuiyuan township,

The source of the river lies at 115 ° 52 ′ E and 25 ° 36 ′ n.

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In Xunwu County, it is the source section of the river, named Luotang river. It is named Luotang Township because it flows through Luoshan Township during the period of the Republic of China. It is also called yanmenshui because Luoshan township of Xunwu County belonged to Anyuan County before the period of the Republic of China

. North through Luoshan township of Shangjin village tongluoqiuna Shangjin River exit, injection people Huichang County Xiangshui.

In Luoshan township (formerly Luotang township), the river course is 27.6 kilometers long. The drainage area of Xiangjiang River system is 192.52 square kilometers, accounting for 8.3% of the total area of the county. It is distributed in the northeast of the county. There are 2 rivers with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers, 8 rivers with a drainage area of more than 10 square kilometers, and 89.07 square kilometers of foreign water. The total amount of water resources is 164 million cubic meters, the transit passenger water is 76 million cubic meters, and the total amount of water resources is 240 million cubic meters.

In Huichang County, the main stream of Xiangjiang River enters Yuanxing village of junmenling town from south to north. It flows through junmenling, Zhoutian, zhantang, Mazhou, wenwuba Township and Xiangjiang Town, runs through the central area in the south of the county, joins Mianjiang River in the northeast of the county, and reaches Gongjiang section in the upper reaches of Ganjiang River. There are 7 rivers with a catchment area of more than 100 square kilometers and 16 rivers with a catchment area of 10-100 square kilometers. The main river in the county is 78.2 km long with a catchment area of 1682.6 km2.

The catchment area of the whole river is 2049.3 square kilometers, and the total length of the main river is 103.4 kilometers,

53%, the average elevation of the basin is 429m, the average slope of the basin is 0.270m/km2, the length of the basin is 74.2km, and the shape coefficient of the basin is 0.37.

Main tributaries

In Xunwu County, the main tributary is Shangjin River, which flows into Xiangjiang River before the junction of the two counties.

In Huichang County, the main tributaries are as follows:

hydrographic features

There are two hydrological stations in Mazhou and junmenling, and 16 rainfall stations in Liqi. The average annual precipitation is 1560.0 mm, and the average annual water yield is 1.57 billion cubic meters.

River width in Huichang County: 215m in flood season and 35m in dry season. River depth: 3m in flood season and 0.33m in dry season. The river bed gradient is 8%, the natural drop is 60m, and the average annual flow is 51.3m3/s. It is a river rich in water resources.

General situation of River Basin

Geography

The upper reaches of the basin belong to middle and low mountain areas, and the middle and lower reaches belong to plain and hilly areas. In the upper reaches of the basin, the vegetation from Yuanxing village to junmenling is good, surrounded by green mountains, and the water and soil loss in the reach from junmenling to Huichang County in the middle and lower reaches of the river is relatively serious. The valley is developed in the basin, and the river network is dense. From the source of the river to the estuary, there are more than 8 rivers with an area of 100 square kilometers. The upstream channel is narrow and tortuous, and the flow is fast; the downstream is wide and shallow "U" shaped Valley, and the flow is slow.

Culture

Located in the border of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces, Xiangjiang River Basin has always been an important place for transportation, military and commerce. Junmenling Town, Huichang County, is the South Gate of the former Central Soviet Area, with red tourism resources such as Deng Xiaoping's former residence, huixun'an central county Party committee, and the former site of the southern line resistance war. At the same time, it is one of the four famous towns in southern Jiangxi in history, and the rear of Fujian Guangdong port during the Anti Japanese War, with Hakka characteristics everywhere There are a large number of historic sites such as yangjiaoshuibao, Furong ancient village, Lingnan bank and Yumin bank.

Luotang village, Luoshan Township, Xunwu County, Heyuan section, was the site of Luotang negotiations before the long march of the Red Army. On the eve of the long march of the central main Red Army in 1934, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission secretly sent he Changgong and pan Hannian to Luotang (later Xunwu Luoshan township) in junmenling, Huichang, the South Gate of the Central Soviet Area, to negotiate with the representative of Chen Jitang, commander in chief of the South Route Army of the Kuomintang, and reached five agreements, which created favorable conditions for the long march of the central main Red Army and changed the Chinese revolution The trend of the market. It was not until the early 1980s that this important historical fact was disclosed to the outside world in his memoirs by he Changgong and others, which caused a sensation in the field of historiography.

There is hanxianyan in junmenling of Huichang County, which is the most typical Danxia Landform in southern Jiangxi. It has been praised as "the first mountain in Qiannan" and "little Penglai in Jiangnan" since ancient times, and its natural landscape can be comparable with Longhu Mountain and Wuyi Mountain. From yangziyan, hanxianyan, Pangushan, Yangjiao ancient city and Huixian hot spring, Hunan water runs through the north and south. In 1995, hanxianyan scenic spot was announced as a provincial key scenic spot by Jiangxi provincial government. Hanxianyan was named after hanzhongli, one of the eight immortals, who was able to cultivate Taoism and become an immortal here. Therefore, it has the reputation of "holy land of the immortal family" and was praised as "the first mountain of Qiannan" by Wang Tingchen, a scholar official of the Ming Dynasty. It is said that Han Xiangzi also practiced Taoism here, which became the origin of the name of Xiangjiang River.

General situation of water conservancy

Navigation situation

The section from junmenling to Huichang county is flat and wide. The current is slow and used to be the main channel in the county. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, wooden sailboats sailed directly to Yangjiao and Yuanxing in junmenling township. Two or three kilometers up and down junmenling polder, hundreds of boats were moored. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, due to excessive logging and serious soil and water loss, in 1966, a water turbine pumping station was built on the Xiangjiang River in zhantang. As a result, sediment deposited, the riverbed increased, and the voyage shortened. In 1985, wooden sailboats could only sail to zhantang, while motor sailboats could only sail in the flood season.

water conservancy project

From Yuanxing village to junmen ridge, it is a winding narrow channel surrounded by green mountains. The current is swift. In ancient times, it was an important military area. It was a good river section for laying water conservancy and hydropower facilities and building medium and small reservoirs.

The theoretical reserve of water resources in the basin is 2.25 × 104kw. There are 6 small-scale reservoirs such as shibikeng reservoir and zuopi reservoir, and 11 small-scale reservoirs such as Tianzhuo reservoir.

Shipikeng reservoir is located in Xiaoba village, wenwuba Township, Huichang county. The design flood level is 206 meters, the check flood level is 206 meters, and the flood limit and normal high water level are 206 meters. The total storage capacity is 57.7 million cubic meters, and the effective storage capacity is 34.1 million cubic meters. It is designed to irrigate 3000 mu of farmland in 4 villages of wenwuba township. Flood control protected 25000 mu of farmland downstream. One hydropower station (primary station) and one water diversion power station (secondary station) will be built, with 5 installed units and a capacity of 2290 kW to ensure the output of 553 kW. Construction of shipikeng reservoir began in the winter of 1958. In October 1970, the main dam project was successfully completed. In April 1971, Linsu canal was officially irrigated. In January 1973, the first unit was put into operation to generate electricity. In 1975, all three units were put into operation.

Zuopi reservoir is located in Xijiang Township, Huichang county. Construction started in July 1958. It is a small (1) type reservoir built in Huichang county. The catchment area is 14 square kilometers. The total storage capacity is 3.47 million cubic meters, and the effective storage capacity is 2.52 million cubic meters. In 1963, the East-West channel, with a total length of 19.5 km, was built to irrigate 6000 mu of farmland in 9 villages (brigades) including Mars, Lanpo, Datian, Nanxing, Xijiang, Wanxing, Qiangong, niushui and Beikeng. In the winter of 1975, the dam was increased by 10 meters and the spillway was reopened. In October 1981, a power station with 754 dry Watts was built. In October 1985, the second 120 kW generator set delivered power.

Dongxiang reservoir is located in wenwuba Township, Huichang county. Construction started in September 1965. In January 1966, the dam was completed, 70 meters long and 1 meter high, with an effective storage capacity of 2.11 million cubic meters. Open a canal, 2.5km long. The total investment is 75000 yuan, including 25000 yuan raised by the collective. The project has been put into operation for 10000 working days, and 49000 cubic meters of earthwork have been completed. In October 1969, the power station was built with state investment. It is the first state-owned small (1) Hydropower Station in Huichang.

Xikeng reservoir, located in Xijiang Township, Huichang County, is a jiangche Shiba reservoir. In the 37th year of the Republic of China, a construction plan was made after exploration. Due to financial difficulties, it could not be realized. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the construction plan was made after the survey of the Hydropower Bureau. In August 1966, the project headquarters organized 8000 migrant workers to start the construction. Completed in 1967, the dam is 26 meters high and 104 meters long.

Chinese PinYin : Xiang Jiang