Potala Palace snow city

Potala Palace snow city

Potala Palace snow city is 317 meters long in the East and West, 170 meters wide in the north and south, covering an area of 50000 square meters. There are 22 existing ancient buildings, with a total area of 33470 square meters. Snow city is an important part of the architectural system of Potala Palace. According to its function, it can be divided into three categories: one is the office set up by the three Lords (local government, nobles and temples) to integrate the functions of administration, justice, prison, taxation and coinage; the other is the institution to provide living services for the rulers; the third is the residence of monks and nobles, officials and low-level staff and craftsmen The house of the serfs.

historical value

Xuecheng is a textbook of history. The treasure Bureau approved by the central government of the Qing Dynasty reflects the fact that Tibet has always been an inseparable part of China. Xuecheng is an exhibition hall of class education. The dark and cruel historical facts of people eating people in the old Tibet vividly illustrate the unity of politics and religion Although the construction of serfdom is called the paradise of the three lords by Dalai Lama, it is the hell of the most working people in Tibet. Xuecheng is the base of patriotism education. The new and old changes here eloquently show that the new Tibet is better than the old one, and only socialism can save and develop Tibet.

The snow city has a very rich architectural content and cultural connotation. It is a vivid embodiment of the history created by the working people, an important physical example of understanding the society, economy and culture of old Tibet, and a miniature of reflecting the feudal serfdom system of old Tibet. The snow city is also a new tourist attraction in Lhasa and a new window to show the history and culture of Tibet. It has opened up a unique dynamic display area to demonstrate the whole process of traditional Tibetan handicrafts production, which enhances the interaction and participation with tourists and enables them to understand the history and culture of Tibet more deeply and vividly. Visiting the snow city can not only help us deepen our understanding of the Potala Palace, a comprehensive, real and historical Potala Palace, but also help us deepen our understanding of the feudal serfdom system with the unity of politics and religion, deeply feel the dark rule of old Tibet, the extravagant life of the three lords and the miserable situation of the vast number of serfs, as well as understand and understand Tibet for decades The development and change of China's economy.

Maintenance protection

The snow city protection and utilization project follows China's laws and regulations on the protection of cultural relics and the World Heritage Convention. On the basis of full study, demonstration and evaluation of its historical, artistic and cultural values, it is planned, step-by-step and implemented in stages. Snow city maintenance, protection and utilization project has gone through three stages. The first stage is from 2002 to 2005. As an important project of the second phase maintenance of the Potala Palace, the state invested nearly 30 million yuan to complete the relocation of 303 residents of the former Xuecheng neighborhood committee, protect and repair 22 ancient buildings, and comprehensively renovate the roads and environment in the Xuecheng. These work laid a solid foundation for the protection and utilization of the snow city and created the necessary conditions. The second stage is from the end of 2005 to 2006. Under the leadership of the Department of culture and bureau of cultural relics of the autonomous region, on the basis of the protection plan of the snow city compiled by Tsinghua University, relevant units and experts from the Academy of Social Sciences of the autonomous region, the Palace Museum, Tibet University, etc. were organized to conduct in-depth research on the snow city, deeply excavate its value, put forward opinions and suggestions on full protection and rational utilization, and show the historical functions of each point in the snow city The case has been proved many times. The third stage, from October 2006 to now. In order to make the snow city open to the whole society as soon as possible, the Department of culture and the Bureau of cultural relics of the autonomous region have set up a working group for the protection and utilization of the snow city of Potala Palace in accordance with the requirements of the Party committee of the autonomous region, and 16 competent staff members have been dispatched to work wholeheartedly to start the first phase of the protection and utilization project. In line with the principle of highlighting the key points, grasping the highlights and reflecting the highlights, the working group formulated the overall plan for the protection and utilization of the snow city, collected 786 physical objects, purchased 279 physical objects, copied 430 physical objects and seconded 348 physical objects, collected more than 330 pictures, planned, designed, organized and implemented a series of exhibition and supporting works, and won the early opening of the snow city I have precious time. The autonomous region has invested more than 6 million yuan in the first phase of the protection and utilization project.

In the first phase of the project after maintenance, 11 ancient buildings, including xuebalekong, xuegaoyuan, baozangjuxue mint, Bixi house, Tongbo house, Kansu house, longxia house, qiangcang, wuzuoyuan, dongyinjingyuan and xueqire, were exhibited, and a tourist service center was set up. On May 31, 2007, the first phase of the six-year maintenance and protection project of the Potala Palace snow city was completed, and 13 snow city scenic spots were officially opened to the public.

By 2008, the second phase of the snow city protection and utilization project will be completed, and three ancient buildings, including the Potala Palace treasure hall, the West Indian Scripture Institute and the granary site, will be gradually opened. Meanwhile, the relevant supporting work will be further improved. The remaining six ancient buildings (five gate towers and turrets, and majikang) are not open to the public due to lack of exhibition conditions, so they are not open to the public from the perspective of safety and cultural relics protection.

There are 7 restorative displays, 4 dynamic displays, 6 special displays and 1 tourist service center in the snow city.

Main buildings

Five seat hospital

With a total construction area of 1020 square meters, the five courtyards are collectively referred to as the five small conjoined buildings in the second phase maintenance of Potala Palace. They are pingcuoredan residence, naluoyuan (official residence), garbenningba (Palace band leader residence), gongtangdare (stables keeper residence) and nerenayuan (serf residence). Most of this area is now set up as a demonstration site for traditional handicrafts and techniques such as Thangka, metal processing, wool textile and cloth art to show Tibet's unique and rich intangible cultural heritage and folk art and culture.

Shirakira

Xueqire was built in the 17th century with a construction area of 2800 square meters. It is composed of four small courtyards, which are divided into two parts: stables and dairy farms. It is mainly used to raise horses used by Dalai and his officials in daily travel, and to provide milk and yogurt for Dalai and his officials.

Dongyinjingyuan

Xuecheng Sutra Printing Institute was built in the 17th century with a construction area of 760 square meters. Because the area is not large, it will be used for other purposes soon, and the main building still retains its original style. Set up "Tibetan calligraphy art exhibition" and "Tibetan calligraphy Tools Exhibition", roll broadcast Tibetan paper production technology TV short film, demonstrate the whole process of stereotype, printing and binding, and provide interactive services.

Kansu house

Kansu house is the house of a wangdanzeng, a monk official of the old Tibetan local government. It is restored and displayed to reflect the luxurious life of the old Tibetan monk official. The building area is 900 square meters. A Wang Danzeng is a monk from Sera Monastery. He was the ancestor of lalizong (now Jiali county). From 1933 to 1950, he successively held the posts of "Zhuoni" (receptionist) and "Jiqiao Kanbu" (Sanpin monk) in the old Tibetan local government. Later, he resigned because of dereliction of duty. "Kansu" is abdication of Kanbu.

Long Xiazhai

The longxia family is the descendant of suqiong xiraozaba, the master of ningmaba in Tibetan Buddhism. Its hereditary territory is Dana (now Xietongmen county). Longxia --- duo jicijie (1881-1940) lost his father at the age of 8 and was raised by his mother. He has a wide range of hobbies, is proficient in Tibetan medicine, mathematics, and religion. He is also a skilled musician. He is also an early person who went out of Tibet and understood western society. He once held a position of four rank official in the old Tibetan local government. In 1914, he escorted the first four children of Tibetan nobles to study in Britain. During this period, he inspected the history, politics and economy of the West. From the production process and economic situation of capitalist society, he felt the difference and backwardness between the social system of Tibet and the world, and thus began to breed some reformist ideas. After returning to Lhasa, in order to improve the social system of Tibet, longxia once organized an organization called "Jique gongtun" (Gongmou Tongle), which held a series of meetings in secret. In 1934, longxia was ready to improve the political system of Tibet. As a result, he violated the interests of the conservative forces and was put into prison and tortured. As for the process of longxia dojitsjie's eye gouging, the relevant information records that the punishment of eye gouging was very cruel. After being strangled with a belt, only one eye bead came out, so he had to dig out the other eye bead with a knife, and then pour boiling hot oil into the eye socket to burn the wound. In 1940, Long Xia - duo jicijie died in this house.

Mint

The mint is located in the northeast corner of the snow city of Potala Palace. It is a two-story courtyard building. There are two adjacent houses on the ground floor, with mints inside and power workshops outside. Several houses on the upper floor are used for living and storing raw materials and finished products. The existing buildings have been repaired, the overall structure and style are still preserved, and the coining machines used in that year are basically intact. Tibet is known as the treasure Bureau. Its main responsibilities are to supply materials, supervise manufacture, store and issue. A snow Mint was set up in its courtyard, and coins such as Qianlong's treasure, Jiaqing's treasure, Daoguang's treasure and Xuantong's treasure with Tibetan Chinese characters printed on both sides were successively minted in Tibet.

Qiang Cang

In the second half of the 17th century, when the Potala Palace was rebuilt, it was built by offering a drink to the Dharma protectors in the palace. Later, it gradually evolved into a tavern with a building area of 1490 square meters. Now it is a rest spot for tourists, and through the recovery of highland barley wine production workshop, it shows the unique liquor making experience of Tibet

Chinese PinYin : Bu Da La Gong Xue Cheng