Simawen Temple

Simawen Temple

Sima Wen temple is a sacred place for worshiping Sima Guang, a famous politician and historian in Northern Song Dynasty. Sima Guang, a native of Xiaxian County, Yuncheng City, was a famous politician and historian in the Song Dynasty. He wrote Zizhi Tongjian, a great work which occupies an important position in the history of Chinese historiography. After his death, he returned to his hometown and was granted the title of Duke Wen.

Sima Wengong temple in Shaoxing

Sima Wen temple is located in Xiada Road, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, with Xingwen bridge in the East.

According to the records of Shaoxing Prefecture written by Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, "it's in the North Sanli of Shanyin county. Bo Chen, the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs of the fourth generation, was the founder of the state. He lived in the south of Gaozong, so his family lived in Shanyin and set up an ancestral temple to offer sacrifices. Sun Tingfang, the ninth emperor of Jingtai, performed a performance and was rebuilt by the secretary. Provincial Chronicle: Yu Qingxiu, the governor of Kangxi in the 54th year. "

According to Shaoxing county annals of the Republic of China, the ancestral hall of Sima Wenzheng in the main road was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in Jingtai. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the land was sold to the pharmaceutical guild hall, and only one tenth of the ancestral base remained. " Today's ancestral hall is built in Qing Dynasty, with hall and hall. look south. The foyer has three bays, with a width of 14.50 meters and a depth of 6.80 meters. It has a boat canopy in front and a double beam in the back. The hall has five bays, with a width of 14.50 meters and a depth of 11.40 meters. It is made of five lifting beams, and the second and the tip are all in the bucket type. The top is made of hard mountain. There is a statue of Sima guangni in the Central Plains of Houcao in the Ming Dynasty, which does not exist today.

Simawen temple in Xiaxian County

Sima Wen ancestral hall: located on Datong Yuncheng highway, about 2km from Shuitou Town in Xiaxian county to the county seat, on Emei Mountain in the north of Xiaochao village, with the peak and ridge in front of the tomb circling; the water behind the ancestral hall is lingering, interesting, poetic and picturesque, and the scenery is pleasant. The cemetery covers an area of more than 100 mu, with a vast square area and a magnificent scale. It is divided into three parts: Cemetery, ancestral hall and Yuqing temple. The cemetery covers an area of 50 mu. Sima Guang himself and his ancestors were buried here. The ancient tomb is built with dense trees and solemn weather. The ancestral hall was founded in the Song Dynasty. Facing it are five "Apricot Flower stele" pavilions, which display the life story of Sima Guang. In yuqingchan temple, there are three painted statues and three gold masked Buddhas, equipped with academies and Bodhisattvas. The stele tower and many steles and steles in the scenic area are regarded as treasures by ancient Jinshi experts.

In front of the temple is a square full of modern flavor. A tall bronze statue of Sima Guang in the middle seems to gaze at the Emei Mountain in front. On the left and right sides of the front are the bronze statues of Sima Guang smashing a jar and Sima Guang writing quickly.

Stele of God

There are two precious steles in simawen temple.

Yuzi stele

The first one is "Yuzi stele". "Yuzi stele" is the tombstone of Sima Xuan. It was established in 1036 by Sima Chi, the father of Sima Guang, and Sima Xuan was his grandfather. The monument is 2.2 meters high, 0.81 meters wide and 0.23-0.27 meters thick. There are 9 characters inscribed on the inscription "Tomb of Sima Fujun in the great Song Dynasty", with patterns carved on the side. The inscription has 23 lines and 64 words. The stone of this stele is very rare and precious. It is full of fish egg like dots and belongs to fish egg fossil. There is a legend of "fish turning into dragon" in historical books. I think Sima Chi looked for this stone to set up a monument for his father. The implication is that this stone belongs to the stone of life and the respect of dragon Qi, which means that his father's merits and virtues are great, and the aura of heaven and earth are concentrated here. Paying attention to geomantic omen and creating dragon momentum in cemeteries is a major feature of ancient Chinese culture. Sure enough, the stele appeared, and the Sima family became a famous family of the Chinese nation in their children's generation. Starting from Sima Kangdai, the son of Sima Guang, there were 23 officials outside. Yuzi stele is really the God stele of Sima family.

Apricot flower stele

The second is "Apricot Flower stele". "Xinghua stele" is the Shendao stele of simawen cemetery. Why is "shendaobei" also called "xinghuabei"? Let's start from the beginning. In 1088, the second year after Sima Guang's death, in order to show his merits and virtues, Emperor zhezong wrote six words of "stele of loyalty and quintessence" in zhuan'e, ordered Su Shi, a great scholar, to write an article and a tablet of calligraphy, and Wang pan, an official in the jade book, to copy it. Therefore, the stele of Sima Wengong is also called "stele of loyalty and quintessence". Because of different political views, Sima Guang and his stele are also accompanied by misfortunes and blessings. In 1094, eight years after Sima Guang's death, Zhang, CAI and others framed Sima Guang. Emperor zhezong believed his words and ordered that the Shendao stele, which he had decided, titled and written by Su Shi, be broken into four sections. The characters on the stele were also chiseled and buried in the ground. Because of the imperial seal script on the forehead of the stele, the base of the stele was huge and survived. Sima Guang's graveyard is in ruins and desolate. In 1148, Wang Tingzhi, the newly appointed county magistrate, paid a visit to Sima Wen's ancestral hall. He saw an apricot blossom tree in the ruins. The tree crown was like an umbrella and the branches were luxuriant. Associating with the past, he thought, is this the Shinto tablet? So he ordered someone to dig and cut off four sections of the monument in the soil. After that, Wang county magistrate carved the broken stele again according to the original rubbings, together with the forehead and postscript, a total of 6 stones, so it was called "Xinghua stele" and "Xinghua stele", namely "the stele of loyalty and essence". However, the "stele of loyalty and quintessence" standing on the right side of the square of Sima Wen's ancestral hall was rebuilt in 1523 by Zhu Shichang, the censor of Shanxi Province. According to the restoration of the memorial hall of Sima Guang's stele, Zhu Yushi paid a visit to Sima Wen's cemetery in Hedong and was determined to restore the stele of "loyalty and quintessence". I visited Shijiang in Jishan and got a huge stone. It was as purple as jade. It was two feet long, two feet and five inches thick. It was more than five feet wide. It was hard to move a hundred oxen. In the severe winter, people pushed oxen, pulled bars, and prized them. They arrived in Xiaxian county more than 200 miles away, and they carved and erected them in imitation of the original stele style of the Song Dynasty. The inscriptions were written by Su Shi, Zhu Shichang and Wang Qiang. The forehead is 1.72 meters high, 1.8 meters wide and 0.54 meters thick. The body of the tablet is 5.1 meters high, 1.76 meters wide and 0.44 meters thick, with 29 lines and 64-98 words. The pedestal is 3.83 meters long, 1.80 meters wide and 1.35 meters high. The total height is 8.17 meters. In 1872, it was rebuilt into brick structure.

evaluate

The stone tablet bears the witness of historical evolution. The calligraphy of the stone tablet is regarded as a "divine product" by the calligraphers of past dynasties, and the carving technique is skilled, all of which come from the masters of a generation of famous masters. The size of the stele, the height of the body, the size of the pedestal, and the value of the stele are closely related and complement each other. It is a magnificent and magnificent school, and it stands on a high mountain.

Address: No.60 xiuzhang street, Huishan ancient town, Beitang District, Wuxi City

Longitude: 120.27441536136

Latitude: 31.580168265413

Ticket information: free.

Chinese PinYin : Si Ma Wen Gong Ci