Shouquan

The "Shouquan" of Guoliang village is unique. The two springs are over 100 meters high, like two faucets blowing clouds. The waterfall falls vertically from a hollow hole on the top of the cliff. From a distance, it looks like "dragon beard", also known as "ambergris" waterfall. The flow of the spring will increase with a loud cry of the tourists standing under it. It seems that they are welcoming the tourists. Their feelings and scenery are absolutely amazing.

Shouquan

Shouquan is a capillary phenomenon of groundwater. This kind of spring is mainly distributed in the karst areas of limestone and dolomite, underground rivers and karst pools. There is a kind of vein like pore in the rock and soil layer. When the lower end of the pore "pipe" contacts with the groundwater surface, due to the pressure of the groundwater itself and the infiltration and siphonage of the pore "pipe", the groundwater will rise along the pore "pipe" and overflow into a spring.

If subjected to external vibration, the pore "pipe" will produce a response force to suck back the water near the rock. Only when the vibration stops for a certain period of time, the infiltration and siphon function of the pore "pipe" will return to its original state, which is the secret of the "shame" spring.

In the special geological structure of some caves, this kind of spring is induced by sound and aquatic animal activities. When people roar or make other sounds at the mouth of the spring, the sound waves are transmitted into the reservoir in the spring, and then produce physical acoustic effects such as "resonance", "echo" and "sound pressure". When the aquatic animals in the spring cave are disturbed, the water wave will be aroused, and the water surface of the reservoir will be under pressure, which will induce siphonage and form gushing spring. If the water in the reservoir mainly comes from surface water, and there is a great difference between the water volume in rainy season and dry season, the seasonal intermittent spring will be formed. If the water in the reservoir mainly comes from groundwater, it will cause permanent spring without seasonality. In this kind of spring, some are the result of specific underground passage and human factors.

Generation condition

There are no more than three geological and geomorphic conditions for the formation of "Shouquan"

First, it must be a karst area of carbonate rocks, especially limestone and dolomite;

Second, it is surrounded by low-lying mountains with good water supply environment;

The third is the spring of descent. But the most important thing is its special internal structure. The size of the pot is estimated to be about 10 to 20 cubic meters. There is also a "spout" shaped like a siphon. There is a small crack (water supply road) leading to the topsoil on the lid of the pot. There is a small pipe connecting the groundwater on the top of the pot to receive the recharge water. If the supplementary water mainly comes from groundwater, it will become a "eternal spring", which can be called out in all seasons. If the supplementary water mainly comes from the surface water and there is no groundwater supply, it will become a "seasonal crying spring", and only in the rainy season can it be called "spirit". When the water level of the reservoir is in the critical state of overflowing, once the calling sound from the spring mouth is introduced into the reservoir, a series of physical acoustic effects will be produced, such as resonance, echo, sound pressure, etc. the water surface in the tunnel bears the sound pressure, which induces the occurrence of siphon effect, forming the natural phenomenon of water gushing. This process is similar to the principle of siphon refueling by car drivers.

Shi Bing Shouquan

There is a peculiar "Shouquan" on the branch of JiangKai river of Wuyang River in Shibing county. Visitors here, as long as shout "beg for tea", the spring will gush out, let you enjoy the sweet spring, when shout "thank you", the spring will stop. Shouquan is located in the small Grottoes under Lingguan cliff. Inside is the stone wall, outside is the sand pool. It is found that when the volume of shouting is large and long, the spring gushes out more; when the volume is small and short, the spring gushes out less. "Shouquan" gives people a sense of mystery.

This kind of "Shouquan" is widely distributed in China. It is also found in Xing'an, Debao, Beiliu and Fuchuan of Guangxi, Shouchun of Anhui, Guiyang and Pingba of Guizhou.

Stories and legends

Legend of Dragon Girl

A local fishing old man told an ancient legend. In ancient times. A young man of Miao nationality made a living by cutting firewood. Here, he saw a young girl washing gauze by the river. One day, the young man came back from blowing firewood and suddenly saw the girl fall into the water. Regardless of the rapids, the young man jumped into the water and rescued the girl. The young girl made a promise by herself, but the younger generation declined because of her family. The girl had to tell the truth: "brother, I'm a dragon girl. I believe I'm in the stone gate near here. After that, brother came by to collect firewood. I'll give him a cup of tea to quench his thirst and thank him for saving his life." After that, the girl disappeared. Later, he rushed to the stone and called "Dragon Girl" repeatedly. As a result, he saw that the spring at the grottoes was bubbling out. Since then, this area has left behind the ancient legend of "blowing firewood brother for nothing, little by little dragon girl love".

Legend of seven fairies

According to legend, the seven fairies went down to the earth to play and asked the Dragon King for water to bathe. The Dragon King quickly pulled out a few whiskers and stuck them on the waist of the stone wall to form a natural shower. The amount of water was affected by the sound. If the sound was loud, the amount of water would be large, and if the sound was small, the amount of water would be small. Therefore, it was named "Shouquan" or "Longxu spring".

geological structure

If the sound has nothing to do with the spring phenomenon, why are there so many witnesses? Is it just a coincidence? But if it's not the sound that causes the spring to gush, what's the reason that makes the spring gush and stop? Where does the spring come from? There is a speculation that it is a hot spring. We know that the underground water is heated by the geothermal energy below to become hot water, which will make the hot water under high pressure rise and gush out of the surface along the fissures, forming a hot spring. This is the same principle as pressure cooker. Is the spring of shuishaozi a hot spring?

However, expert Wang told us that the temperature of spring water is not high, just like the normal temperature. It's 11 degrees to 123 degrees. It's more than 15 degrees centigrade. It's a hot spring. Obviously, the hot spring theory doesn't hold water.

Since it is not the geothermal spring phenomenon, how is the spring phenomenon formed? According to experts' conjecture, more than 2 million years ago, the ancient Yellow River passed through the Tengger Desert, and the spring gushing phenomenon was caused by the geological structure fault zone.

These springs are located in a large geological fault zone. The terrain is high in the South and low in the north. In low-lying areas, a number of spring points are formed, extending from southeast to northwest. The spring points are distributed in a linear shape until 70 kilometers away. The highest point is the main peak of Helan Mountain in the southeast. The water continuously infiltrates from the high to the low-lying place, and flows up through the gap to form a gushing spring.

Spring phenomenon

But why is the spring phenomenon intermittent? Will it be the abnormal movement of underwater organisms that causes the oscillation of water and induces intermittent spring gushing? According to Professor Du, the organisms on the lake are only microorganisms, not higher organisms and plants.

Can it be that the gas produced by the microorganisms under the spring will push the groundwater to the ground, causing the phenomenon of spring gushing? However, after the experts sampled and analyzed the water quality of the spring, this conjecture was denied, and the test proved that there was no biogas in the spring.

All kinds of conjectures have been ruled out one by one, so what is the real reason for the intermittent phenomenon of gushing springs? Experts put their eyes on the unique geographical environment around the houquan. Along the geological fault zone where the houquan is located, we found that intermittent spring gushing phenomenon exists in the whole fault zone. Because these springs are located in the hinterland of the desert, the biggest difference between them and springs in other places is that there is a lot of sediment in the springs.

In this area, sand flows into the spring to form mud. If the specific gravity of mud is greater than that of clean water, it will hinder the normal flow of water below. The mud water in the spring changes the specific gravity through the mixing and sedimentation of sand particles, so the spring water will flow intermittently.

In Shibing area, sand flows into the spring to form a mud. If the specific gravity of mud is greater than that of clean water, it will hinder the normal flow below. The mud water in the spring changes the specific gravity through the mixing and precipitation of yarn particles, so the spring will appear intermittent flow phenomenon. Mud will produce precipitation due to its own gravity, which hinders the gushing of spring water. Because the water head is in Helan Mountain and has a certain height, when the water pressure difference is large enough, it can push the sediment open, and the spring water will gush out of the surface again. This kind of periodic upwelling spring is called geyser.

Du'an Shouquan

Cause of formation

According to legend, there is a big white buffalo in the eye of the spring. The villagers shout a few times at the entrance of the cave, and the buffalo rolls a few times in the cave, and then the spring will come out.

Some villagers think that the peculiar structure of karst landform created such a spring. Some villagers think that the spring of "Hailai spring" is not called out. It may be that there are many water pits of different sizes and heights in the spring cave. After the underground spring comes up, one by one the water pits are full of water, and the water overflows to form water waves, causing the spring to flow out every once in a while. "Sometimes it takes half an hour or even longer to shout." He said.

Villagers say that he thinks so because there is a similar "holler spring" in Xing'an, Guilin. Relevant data show that there is also a magic "Shouquan" in Shanbei village, Baishi Township, Xing'an County. After careful investigation by Professor Pei Jianguo of Institute of karst geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, and through experimental demonstration, it is concluded that "Shouquan" is a regular multi tidal spring formed by siphon phenomenon, and its water outflow law has nothing to do with human shouting.

So far, no professional geologist has come to decipher the magic "Hulai spring" in nongchi village.

Development and utilization

Chinese PinYin : Han Quan