Yuan Dushi Temple

Yuan Dushi Temple

Yuan Chonghuan temple is located in the green cypress cluster on the West Lake of Longtan Park, with a history of 85 years. On both sides of the temple gate, there are couplets written by Kang Youwei himself. On the main wall of the Ming Dynasty, there is a stone statue of Yuan Dushi inlaid. On the two walls and between the two sides, there are stone carvings such as the record of Yuan Dushi temple in the Ming Dynasty, the inscription of Yuan Dushi temple and the epitaph of she Yishi, which are mostly written by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao. In 1984, it was officially listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit.

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Temple background

Yuan Dushi Temple yuan Dushi temple, also known as Yuan ancestral temple. There are three rooms, sitting in the West and facing the East. There are stone statues of yuan Chonghuan and some stone carvings of his handwriting in the temple. On the front door is Kang Youwei's handwritten "Yuan Dushi Temple". Now a memorial hall has been built behind the temple to display yuan Chonghuan's heroic deeds.

Located in the northwest of the park, the Dushi temple is a key cultural relic under protection in Beijing. It was built in 1717 by Zhang Bozhen from Dongguan, Guangdong Province, and built in 1980 in memory of yuan Chonghuan, a national hero. There are inscriptions of yuandushi temple and couplets written by Kang Youwei.

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Yuan Chonghuan, the character element, No. freely, ancestral home in Dongguan County, Guangdong Province. In 1619 (the 47th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), yuan Chonghuan was a Jinshi and was granted the title of magistrate of Shaowu County in Fujian Province. In more than five years after 1622, yuan Chonghuan led the army to fight with Houjin, defeated Nurhachi's massive attack, and Nurhachi was injured and died. Later, he once defeated Huang Taiji, the son of Nurhachi. In order to postpone the war, Yuan suggested that the Ming Court and Huang Taiji "negotiate peace", and the Apocalypse emperor agreed and regretted. Yuan Chonghuan was born in Shuinan Township, Shijie Town, Dongguan County, Guangdong Province. Wanli 47 years (1619) in the Jinshi. At the end of Ming Dynasty, he was a famous political figure and a civil servant. He entered the military department to guard Shanhaiguan and Liaodong, and commanded the battle of Ningyuan and Ningjin. However, it is still taboo for military strategists to kill the general without rescuing Korea. Later, Emperor Chongzhen was convicted of killing Mao Wenlong, failing to protect himself and negotiating peace with the later Jin Dynasty. In order to belittle the monarchs and ministers of Ming Dynasty, the Qing government made up the story of Huang Taiji's "anti agency strategy" to capture yuan Chonghuan one hundred years later, which is still controversial in the field of history. Yuan Chonghuan once built a memorial temple for Wei Zhongxian. Han Jiyun, a bachelor, said: "yuan Chonghuan They also built ancestral temples, but they should be reduced from the traitors. "

Notes on poetry and prose

Kang Youwei (Jinshi of Guangxu, leader of the modern reformers) wrote in calligraphy that the temple forehead of "yuandushi Temple" was about one foot, and the temple couplet in calligraphy was: "his life experience was the survival of the mid Xia Dynasty, he enjoyed the temple for thousands of years, and his death was very serious. At that time, he was in great danger; he thought about the generals of the eastern Liao Dynasty, he was a man in charge of the pass, he was as if he was an enemy country, where could he get his master?" On the right side of the middle gate, there is a white marble tablet, which indicates that together with yuan Chonghuan's ancestral temple and tomb in Xiejie street of Donghua City, Yuan Dushi temple has been listed as "Beijing cultural relics protection unit" since May 24, 1984 On the west wall of the central hall, there is a stone statue of the late Ming Dynasty national hero yuan Dushi, with a rimmed glass cover. One Mr. Shen Xinfu once described it as: "the whole stone of the portrait is 3.17 cm high and 11 cm wide. The height of the figure is 2.14 cm and the width is 6 cm. He wears a square Confucian crown embroidered with mountains and rivers, a slightly long face with beard, and looks like a grand chess player. He wears a yuan collar and wide sleeve clothes. He holds a wat plate, which is the same as the hat on the plate and over the strap on the bottom. He has square shoes with cloud head pattern on his feet, which is steady and generous, just like a romantic Confucian general. " On the top left is a stone inscription written by yuan Chonghuan: "mind skill should not offend heaven and earth, words and deeds should keep good examples with children and grandchildren." There are stone carvings on the north wall of the central hall (it is said that the stone carvings of this temple are all made by Gao Xuehong, a famous stone engraver in the capital). Kang Youwei wrote in his hand the record of Yuan Dushi's temple: "Ho Fu! At the time of Ming and Qing Dynasties, China was also big, not just the rise and fall of one dynasty. Yuan's great talent and great edge made him die of greed. Although it was called destiny, it was not human! A country is not established unless it is talented. If there is a country, it should not be used without thinking about its talents. However, the more extraordinary the talent is and the greater the ambition is, the master may not be able to use it. Even if he relies on his credit and moves to the traitor's daughter, he is afraid of the enemy's country and foreign invasion, and he works together with his slander, and dies on the great wall. Woo! There is almost the same Premier in ancient and modern times! When I was 12 years old, I served my ancestor Lianzhou to read the biography of the governor. When I arrived at the frontier, I climbed the Great Wall, inspected the situation, and played an important role in fighting against Sizong. Duke Lianzhou said, "it's the enemy who is afraid and uses the enemy to kill." After climbing the Great Wall, I want to be a hero. Zhang Bozhen, a disciple of Dongguan, carved Gongji and rebuilt Gongci in the capital. In the future, Patriots will think of generals and talents, and the common people will be brave and valiant. Confucius 2468 years, Dingsi September. Kang Youwei, a posterity scholar in the countryside, wrote a combined book (the existing punctuation was added by Shen Xinfu, and the original character is missing if there is a sign □.) There are stone inscriptions on the north wall of the central hall: (1) Wang Shucun (actually Wang Shunan, Jinshi of Guangxu, who was the chief editor of the Qing History Museum and the National History Museum during the period of the Republic of China), song Bolu (Jinshi of Guangxu, who was the chief editor of Shaanxi Tongzhi Bureau) and Zhang Bozhen (a disciple of Kang Youwei, a legal expert) "Inscription of yidiao Pavilion" (2) Kang Youwei wrote three seven character poems in his hand: "I am a famous general in Guangdong Province. I am a governor. I sprinkle CANJIANG in my ancestral temple. In ancient times, talent was hard to use, but at the end of the dynasty, meritorious achievements were made. When you enter the Great Wall, you will be corrupted, slandered and unjustly punished. When the country is dead, no one will be there. It will make you sad and hang the ghost. " "Du you gave the sword a cool breeze, and Ma Ge threw the tide and planted the bow. There is nothing wrong with Jintuo, but the clock room in prison will not be the same. Shake down the mountains and rivers, famous general Bi, depression, different generations rob grey red. The Great Wall is a world-famous one "The sages embroidered silk frequently, and the petal fragrance was specially for the governor's ancestral hall. The White Mountains and black waters stood up, and I thought in the sound of drums." There are stone carvings on the south wall of the central hall: a poem by Kang Youwei (the stone carvings are painted and illegible. If you have information, please paste them to fill in). There are stone inscriptions on the south wall of the central hall: (1) the epitaph of she Yishi written by Zhang Bozhen in Dongguan and song Bolu in Liquan: "the servant of Yuan Dushi in Ming Dynasty is she Yishi, who was born in Majiang, Shunde, Guangdong Province. He is in charge of the supervisor. When a supervisor comes out, he will take the lead. On August 16, the third year of Chongzhen reign, the imperial court killed the governor without any crime and stormed the countryside. The villagers were afraid of disaster and did not dare to ask. At night, the righteous man stole the corpse of the governor and buried it in the old Yiyuan of Guangdong in Guangqumen, Beijing. If you don't go to the tomb all your life, you will die near the tomb of the supervisor. In the fifth year of the Republic of China, Zhang Bozhen's son Xi Zun died in Dongguan, and Bo Zhen buried his son's loyal soul. She Qi sobbed and said, "I, she, have been guarding the tomb of the governor for three hundred years. My family is in the hometown of Guangdong, and I'm worried about Shouqiu. If I don't return, I will inherit my ancestors' ambition.". Bozhen said: since ancient times, the great officials of China and Korea, who established their country in the form of human beings, are like ants. Once it is easy to sound with the wind, it is already pure Chu Yuan and Feng Dao's legacy. There is no righteous man in the world of Dao Heng. The pillar of heaven is broken, and the dimension of earth is destroyed. It was built in the secluded palace, cut down on the Yanshan Mountain and inscribed on the stone. The inscription says, "it's the tomb of a righteous scholar of the Ming Dynasty. The name of the tomb is not passed on to she Jun. the flowers of the vassal clan are in abundance, so the grass is strong for thousands of years." (2) There are eight poems written by Zhang Bozhen of Dongguan and Yuan Chonghuan of song Bolu of Liquan: "farewell in the border - farewell from home for five years, farewell to the king's cold invasion. If you want to know the life and death in your heart, you can go and stay in safety. Because of the humiliation of the country, Hengge was not a marquis. My dear friends in my hometown are asking each other. I'm sorry that I haven't collected the dust yet. " "Shanhaiguan send Ji Di back to the South -- the bus still remembers the past, thousands of miles from the military fortress. The shepherd is still defending at this time. When will he comfort his life! From the friendship, we are willing to bear the burden of this life! When you go to live, don't ask whether you are safe or not. Brother in your love, this day with emotion; open husband who good sword? Men who complain can't fight. Only then can we compete for the power of three drives, and we have a light feather on our body. If you do, you should make great efforts in your country. Don't delay your laziness and fame. " "Traveling with the generals on the island is not free because of the heavy burden of the resort. Ronghua I know zhuangmeng, loyalty and anger will be called Qiyou. The side quarrels for a long time to open the end is fixed, room Ge square exercises when to stop! The moon should be broken and the Toon trees will wither for another autumn. " "Say goodbye to Qin LIULANG - the sea crocodile and the whale don't chirp at night, so people talk about the sword at the head of Shanxi river. They say that they are hesitant in the middle of the night, and they feel autumn when the wine is cold. The lotus of the water Kingdom sleeps in the moon, and the willows of the Yangtze River and the Mekong River are soft. Spring pity for the Fu is not Wang can, jiayumingjin has less travel "In the south, Chen Zhen's general army was separated. When he was fighting against Japan, he was famous for his achievements and family members, and his heart was bitter. It's suitable for milu to return to the mountain and Qilin to paint the pavilion. Don't be surprised if you go to Liudu. The autumn grass is leaving. " "Duyuling: when the tourists pass by Yuling, the village has gradually broken. The past is not changed, but the world is not! Is the harp used to the gate? Better a man than a dog? Drive from now on, don't go back to the old days. " "The rhyme of returning to Yuling: after ten years of service and fame, my mind gradually disobeys. The way is still right, but who says that Saifei is right. The Lord's favor is heavy in heaven and earth, and the minister's experience is rare in ancient and modern times. In addition to several volumes and seals, the old days are gone. " "Crossing the river and occupying the forest pass - I've lived half of my life for 40 years, and now I'm living in the empty King's land, and I regret learning to kill people in the past." (3) In order to praise Zhang Bozhen, the founder of the temple, for his righteous deeds, Wang Shucun of Xincheng wrote an article, and song Bolu of Liquan wrote the inscription of the Ming Dynasty yuan Dushi Temple: "Zhang Huangxi of Dongguan not only published his first collection of Yuan Yuanyuan Dushi's deeds, but also wrote to the government to call for the temple to be closed, so as to lay a foundation for his loyalty and to make it known to the world. In August this year, the temple of the governor was re established in Xinyi garden of Guangdong Province in zuo'anmen, which is a place for local residents to enjoy when they are old. Woo Hoo! In ancient and modern times, there are so many people who died of loyalty to their country. If Huangxi is the only one who is in charge of the country, how can I see it as a village? The life and death of the governor was the key to the rise and fall of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the view of race was the result of the change of the world situation for more than 4000 years, which was especially painful in Huangxi

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