Yikun Palace

Yikun Palace

Yikun palace is one of the palace buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Located in the Forbidden City West Road open area. It was once one of the six palaces in the west of the inner court and the residence of Empresses of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was built in the 18th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty. It was called Wan'an palace in the beginning and Yikun palace in the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. In Qing Dynasty, the old name of Ming Dynasty was used. In the Qing Dynasty, it was repaired many times. In order to celebrate Cixi's 50th birthday in Guangxu period, the palace was connected with Chuxiu palace, forming a pattern of four entrances. It is now on display in the original state of court life.

brief introduction

Yikun palace is located in the north of Yongshou palace, the south of Chuxiu palace and the east of Changchun palace. To the east of the East and west twelve palaces, to near the central axis, to near the Qianqing palace.

Yi explains it as assistant, and the Queen's bedroom is Kunning palace. Yi Kun means assisting the queen to manage the six palaces.

Yikun palace is well known as the palace of nianshilan, the Chinese imperial concubine in 2012's hit gongdou drama "the story of the empress Zhen Huan".

Yikun palace was originally called Wan'an palace, and it was renamed Yikun palace in the 14th year of Jiajing reign of Ming Dynasty.

In Qing Dynasty, the old name of Ming Dynasty was used. It was renovated many times in the Qing Dynasty and was originally the second entrance courtyard. In 1885, Emperor Guangxu celebrated Empress Dowager Cixi's 50th birthday. Taking Chuxiu gate and hall as the former site, it was changed into Chuantang hall, and the East and West ear rooms were changed into one passage respectively, so that Yikun palace and Chuxiu palace were connected, forming a pattern of four entrances. When the gate was closed, the north and South could not pass through, and the two palaces could still become independent courtyards. Cixi also dined in tihe hall.

The main hall of Yikun palace is 5 rooms wide, with yellow glazed tiles on the top of the mountain and corridors in front and back. The eaves are decorated with Dou Gong and Liang Fang with Su style color paintings. The door is made of brocade with ten thousand characters, with five bats holding longevity skirt. The window is made of brocade and decorated with ten thousand characters. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there was a horizontal throne, a screen, a incense table and a palace fan. On the east side, the ground cover of magpie climbing plum is carved with rosewood, and on the west side, the ground cover of vine and pine twigs is carved with rosewood. The main room is separated from the East and West, and the East and West secondary rooms are separated from the shoots by partition fans. In front of the hall, there is a screen door of "Guangming Shengchang", and a pair of copper Phoenix, a pair of copper crane and a pair of copper stove are set under the platform. When Puyi was Emperor Xundi, he used to install swings under the front porch of the main hall. Now the swings have been removed and the swing frame is still in use. There are two side halls in the East and West, namely Yanhong hall and Yuanhe hall. After the hall body and hall, face wide 5, before and after the door, after the eaves out of the corridor, yellow glazed tile hard peak. There are also East and west side halls, and there is a well Pavilion in the southeast.

Related plaque

The plaques of "you Rong de da" and "Lu Lu Sui Hou" in the main hall, the plaques of "Qing Yun Zhai" in the east side hall and "de Tao Tang" in the west side hall are all written by Empress Dowager Cixi

"Qing Gong Shu Wen" records: "at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, in the front hall of Yikun palace, Gong hung a plaque written by Emperor gaozongchun, saying" Yigong Wanshun ". Zhang Zhaojing wrote "praise of Zhaorong's Poems" in the east wall, Zhaorong's poems in the west wall, and "maoduanhu Jiao" in the back hall. Press: Holy system. The Qianlong system. "

(Note: according to the records of the archives of the manufacturing office of the palace of internal affairs in the Qing Dynasty, "Yigong Wanshun" was inscribed in the sixth year of Qianlong, and "maoduanhu Jiao" was inscribed in the fourteenth year of Qianlong.)

Part owner

the ming dynasty

Wanli Dynasty: Zheng Guifei was a concubine before entering the palace.

Chongzhen Dynasty: Yuan Guifei, who was named yuan Shufei in the first year of Chongzhen, had a princess.

Qing Dynasty

In the Kangxi Dynasty, Guo Luo, a concubine of Yifei, was the surname of Luo.

Yongzheng Dynasty: the imperial concubine of dunsu, that is, the imperial concubine of Nian; the Nien's family, the younger sister of Nian gengyao, was the side concubine when Emperor Yongzheng was the prince. After Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, she was granted the imperial concubine. Later Jin Dynasty, she was granted the Imperial concubine, and gave birth to three men and one woman for Yongzheng.

Qianlong Dynasty: Nala queen of Emperor Gaozong of Qing Dynasty, Nala family (recorded as ulanala family in the draft of Qing history and the four genealogies of Qing Royal family), the daughter of zuoling nalb. In the 12th year of Yongzheng reign, he was accused of being married as a treasure prince. In the 2nd year of Qianlong reign, he was granted the title of concubine Xian. In the 10th year of Qianlong reign, she was granted the title of concubine Jin. In the 13th year, after the death of empress Xiaoxian, she was granted the title of imperial concubine. She was in charge of six palace affairs and was appointed queen in the 15th year. In the 30th year of Emperor Qianlong's southern tour, he was imprisoned in the back hall of Yikun palace for disobedient haircut. He took back the four volumes of treasure, which can be said not to be discarded. He died on July 14 the following year. Son 2: Yongling, Yongjing. Girl 1: Shang.

Princess Dun, Wang's family, was Yongchang at the beginning, Yonggui in the later Jin Dynasty, then his concubine Dun, then his concubine Dun, then his concubine Dun, and later his concubine Dun because of the death of his maids. At the beginning of the first month of the 40th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, Gu Lun and Xiao princess were the youngest daughters of Emperor Qianlong. I love you very much. I like you by your appearance. I say, "if you are a prince, I will make you a crown prince."

Jiaqing Dynasty: Liu Jia, concubine of Heyu emperor.

Daoguang Dynasty: Xiangfei

Every major festival, Cixi will accept the worship of concubines here.

Guangxu Dynasty: in the 13th year of Guangxu, Cixi held a talent show for the 17-year-old Guangxu. Guangxu was forced to accept Cixi's niece yehenalajingfen as empress (i.e. empress dowager Longyu) and two concubines Jinzhen in tihe palace.

Xuantong Dynasty: Wanrong, the last empress of the dynasty, was born in the family of Guo Buluo. (in Chu Xiu Palace)

Related news

At 11:10 a.m. on May 4, 2013, a tourist smashed a window glass in the original exhibition room of Yikun palace in the open area of the Palace Museum West Road with his bare hands, resulting in the fall and damage of a cultural relic clock and watch displayed near the window.

"The damaged cultural relic was named the Qing Dynasty copper plated and gold-plated zhuanhuashui corporate bell. This time, it really became a" human bell. " Shan Jixiang, President of the Palace Museum, said helplessly.

What happened

At 11:08:46 a.m. on May 4, 2013, a skinny guy wearing a white T-shirt and jeans entered Yikun palace. Without stopping, he went straight through the courtyard, climbed the steps, ran to the eaves and entered the main hall. Since then, into the monitoring "dead end", the guy disappeared. Only a few seconds later, he left the main hall, but the white T-shirt was obviously stained with blood. It was at the moment of "disappearance" that the young man smashed the glass of the exhibition room with his bare hands and finished "ringing the bell".

The youth involved had not yet stepped down the steps and was stopped by the staff on the scene of the Forbidden City. It took 25 seconds from his appearance to being controlled. It took 15 seconds for him to leave the scene after entering the gate of Yikun palace.

Shan Jixiang said that the young man had been sent to Jishuitan Hospital for treatment and was initially diagnosed as "multiple skin lacerations in his right hand and rupture of extensor tendon in his right middle finger". As for his name and native place, Dean Shan did not disclose it. He just told reporters that when the young man was stopped, he incoherently told the palace museum staff, "if I don't smash the glass, the glass will smash me." "we should find a place with few people.",

Three questions from the media

As the residence of Empresses of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yikun palace has few visitors. After the incident, it soon returned to opening up.

Like other palaces in the Forbidden City, visitors can only stand in the narrow eaves outside the main hall and watch the cultural relics displayed in Yikun palace through the windows. A new glass has been put on the west side of the main hall. The damaged clock had been placed in the middle of the west window. The current position is empty, with two exquisite carved cultural relics on both sides. Due to the dim light inside the hall and the strong reflection of the glass, tourists have to lie on the glass to see what's inside.

What kind of glass is Yikun palace? Why is it so vulnerable? In the face of public questioning, Shan Jixiang said that the existing glass in Yikun palace is at least pre-1949, and that together with the window frame, they dare not move because they retain historical information. Shan Jixiang explained several technical problems that led to the Yikun palace incident——

A question: "why not set up a meter line?"

——As a palace museum, Yikun palace is not allowed to be electrified for safety reasons. Originally, the light in the room was dim, and if a one meter line was set, the audience could not see the inside at all, which would inevitably cause the audience to "lie down" and "peep" on the glass, causing damage to the window frame which is also a cultural relic.

Second question: "Why are cultural relics placed so close to the window?"

——As a palace museum, it must present real historical information. At that time, these cultural relics were placed near the window, and they were also placed on the records. However, the "temporary window" without safety zone does bring security risks.

Three questions: "do you want to put cultural relics on the record?"

——It's safe to put cultural relics in the storeroom, but as a museum of the Forbidden City, the original exhibition hall must reflect its functions and characteristics.

Measures for the Forbidden City

Shan Jixiang said that since 2012, the Palace Museum has carried out the upgrading of the safety protection of the exhibition room doors and windows, and selected the composite anti smashing plate as the transparent material for the safety protection of the exhibition room doors and windows. At present, the renovation of the doors and windows of Chengqian palace and Yonghe palace has been completed, and these two palaces will be set up as bronze Museum.

Shan Jixiang led the reporter to visit the upcoming bronze Museum. The doors and windows of the museum have been installed. They are composed of frosted plate and anti smashing plate. The former can isolate ultraviolet light and control light, while the latter has strong anti smashing function. They are designed and installed according to the protection requirements of ancient buildings, with reversibility.

"This kind of anti smashing board is an ideal material to improve the level of safety protection and control the light environment, and will be gradually popularized in the whole hospital in the future. This time, the glass of Yikun palace was broken with bare hands, which will prompt us to speed up the progress of glass upgrading. " Shan Jixiang said.

In view of the future transformation of the new security system of the Palace Museum, the palace museum said that in the future, high-definition cameras will be intensively installed in the whole Forbidden City, and video monitoring management personnel will be sent to ensure that there is no "dead corner" coverage within more than 100 hectares of the palace Museum.

Status of damaged cultural relics

This one is numbered 183054

Chinese PinYin : Yi Kun Gong