Yongan Longtou National Wetland Park

Fujian Yongan Longtou National Wetland Park

synonym

Yongan Longtou National Wetland Park generally refers to Fujian Yongan Longtou National Wetland Park

Fujian Yongan Longtou National Wetland Park is located in Ansha Town, Yongan City, Fujian Province. It is located in the upper reaches of Minjiang River and the middle reaches of jiulongxi river. It is the only pond type Wetland Park in Haixi area with reservoir as the main body. The total area is 3073.8 hectares, of which the wetland area is 1032.7 hectares, and the wetland rate is 33.6%. It is divided into four functional areas: conservation area, publicity and education exhibition area, rational utilization area and management service area.

The wetland park is a typical example of the close combination of forest ecosystem, river ecosystem and Reservoir Wetland Ecosystem in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. It is a rare comprehensive exhibition place of "forest, wetland and water are closely related" in Fujian Province.

Location context

Fujian Yong'an Longtou National Wetland Park is located in the northwest of Yong'an City, Fujian Province, the upper reaches of Minjiang River and the middle reaches of jiulongxi River, involving Ansha village, Kengkou village, Luofeng village, Qingcun village and Xinjian village of Ansha Town, including one town and five administrative villages. Four directions of Wetland Park: the mountain ridge to the north of Zhangkeng in the East, the junction of Yong'an City and Qingliu County of Luofang River in the west, the first estuary of Luofang River in the south, and Luofeng River in the north. Geographical coordinates: 25 ° 59 ′ 17 ″ N ~ 26 ° 07 ′ 17 ″ n, 117 ° 02 ′ 59 ″ e ~ 117 ° 06 ′ 50 ″ e. the total area of Wetland Park is 3073.8 hectares.

geographical environment

Climatic characteristics

The climate of the Wetland Park belongs to the mid subtropical marine monsoon climate, which has the characteristics of large regional differences in water and heat resources and the obvious three-dimensional climate of the community. The monsoon is significant and the climate types are diverse. Spring (March to May) is cold and warm; summer (June to August) is hot; autumn (September to November) is pleasant; winter (December to February) is cold and dry. Temperature: the annual average temperature is about 19 ℃, the average maximum temperature in the hottest month (July) is 28-35 ℃, and the average temperature in the coldest month (January) is 1-6 ℃. The average annual frost free period is 359 days, the frost period is 6 days, and the snowfall period is from December to February of the next year. The annual average active accumulated temperature (80% guarantee rate) of ≥ 10 ℃ was 4500-6580 ℃ for 225-250 days except Shangping. The annual average maximum ground temperature is 36.3 ℃, and the annual average minimum ground temperature is 16.2 ℃. Precipitation: the annual average precipitation is 1660mm. The spring rainy season is from February to April. The rainfall in June is the most in the whole year, with an average of 219.1 mm. The rainfall in November and December is the least, with an average of only about 39 mm. Relative humidity: 82%. Evaporation: the annual average evaporation is 1576.2mm, the largest year is 1699.6mm (1996), and the smallest year is 1341.0mm (1997). Sunshine: the annual average sunshine hours are 1556h. The maximum annual sunshine hours were 1933.9h (2004), and the minimum sunshine hours were 1308h (1997). The total solar radiation is 106.42kcal/cm2. Atmospheric pressure: the annual average atmospheric pressure is 990.9mb. Wind: the annual average wind speed is 1.6m/s, and the wind speed mostly occurs in July. The dominant wind direction is southwest and South in summer, and northwest in autumn and winter. The maximum wind force can reach 9-10. Fog: the annual average number of foggy days is 79 days, more in winter and less in summer. Natural disasters: flood, drought, wind, three cold, hail, wind, lightning, mainly flood.

hydrology

The wetland park takes Jiulong Lake as the main body. Jiulong lake is named after Jiulong shibatan, a stream. It is an artificial lake formed by the construction of Ansha hydropower station, with an area of 33 hectares. The widest water surface is 1200m, the narrowest water surface is 140m, the average water depth is 34m, the maximum water depth is 97m, the dam height is 92m, and the water storage is 640 million cubic meters. The lake area starts from Ansha in the East and ends at songkouping in Qingliu in the West. It is one of the largest lakes in the province.

The wetland type in the wetland park is mainly reservoir (reservoir) wetland, which is formed by the closure of Jiulong River. It has the characteristics of both reservoir and river. Wetland park is rich in water resources. There are 29 river systems with large amount of water. Among them, there are 4 water systems originating outside yichongshan of Wetland Park and 25 water systems originating inside yichongshan of Wetland Park. The average annual runoff into the reservoir is 239.387 million cubic meters.

Resources

Wetland resources

The wetland park covers an area of 3073.8hm2, and the land types are divided into non woodland (including wetland) and woodland. The wetland area is 1032.7hm2, accounting for 33.6% of the total area of the Wetland Park, and the woodland area is 2032.7hm2, accounting for 66.1% of the total area. Among the wetland types, reservoir area is 998.8hm2, accounting for 96.7% of the total wetland area; island area is 22.9hm2, accounting for 2.2% of the total wetland area; river wetland area is 11.0hm2, accounting for 1.1% of the total wetland area. Among the woodlands, the area of natural forest is 1731.2hm2, accounting for 85.2% of the total area of woodland, of which the area of natural broad-leaved forest is 1042.3hm2, accounting for 51.3% of the total area of natural forest. Among the woodlands, the area of ecological public welfare forest is 1894.4hm2, accounting for 93.2% of the total woodland area.

plant resources

There are 712 species of vascular plants belonging to 433 genera and 155 families in the wetland park. Among them, there are 73 species of Pteridophytes in 49 genera of 27 families, 4 species of gymnosperms in 4 genera of 4 families, 635 species of angiosperms in 380 genera of 124 families, 502 species of dicotyledons in 300 genera of 106 families and 133 species of monocotyledons in 80 genera of 18 families. Among them, there are 81 species of wetland plants, mainly including Caragana, coriander, lobelia and gnaphallus.

There are three genera of Chinese endemic genera in Wetland Park, including Cunninghamia lanceolata, Agropyron and oligostachys. Cunninghamia lanceolata is the constructive species of evergreen coniferous forest. There are five kinds of national key protected wild plants in the Wetland Park, including Taxus chinensis var. mairei, Alsophila spinulosa, camphor tree, palm tree and golden dog. Seven species of Orchidaceae are listed in Appendix II of cites, and three species are newly recorded in Fujian.

Animal resources

There are 411 species of terrestrial vertebrates in Wetland Park. Among them, there are 5 orders, 15 families and 78 species of fish, accounting for 9.5% of the total species of fish in Fujian Province; 2 orders, 6 families and 27 species of amphibians, accounting for 58.7% of the total species of amphibians in Fujian Province; 3 orders, 11 families and 47 species of reptiles, accounting for 38.2% of the total species of reptiles in Fujian Province; 17 orders, 43 families and 210 species of birds, accounting for 38.2% of the total species of birds in Fujian Province; 8 orders, 19 families and 49 species of mammals, accounting for 33.3% of the total species of mammals in Fujian Province.

Wetland park has 6 species of national first-class protected wildlife and 46 species of national second-class protected wildlife; 46 species are listed in the appendix of Convention on international trade in endangered species of Wild Fauna and flora; 7 species are listed in IUCN as endangered species, including turtle, tortoise, leopard and hyena; 9 species are listed as vulnerable species, including turtle, python, Tragopan, jackal, black bear, clouded leopard, black muntjac, muntjac and water deer There are 40 species in China's Red Book of endangered animals, 29 species in Fujian Province, 68 species in China Japan conservation agreement and 18 species in China Australia conservation agreement.

Development and construction

Management organization

Yongan Longtou National Wetland Park Management Center is a public institution directly under Yongan municipal government. The management center includes office, construction management section, resource protection section, science popularization and education section, Longtou wetland protection and management station and luofangxi wetland protection and management station.

Orientation of Wetland Park

Wetland park is positioned as a national wetland park with water resources and biodiversity as the key protection objects, canyon type Reservoir Wetland and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest as the core, and landscape corridor composed of reservoir and reservoir vegetation as the feature, integrating water supply, science popularization and education, scientific research and monitoring, rational utilization and leisure and entertainment.

Wetland function zoning

According to the natural and geographical conditions, wetland and forest ecosystem, biological resources and landscape resources, characteristics and management needs of the Wetland Park, the wetland park is divided into conservation area, publicity and education exhibition area according to the characteristics of the planning objects and their existing environment in the same area, the management objectives and technical measures are basically consistent, and the principle of integrity of natural and cultural units is upheld There are four functional areas: display area, rational use area and management service area.

Objectives of wetland construction

Focus on the ecological protection of the Reservoir Wetland and the forest conservation area in the reservoir area, complete the construction of the infrastructure and supporting projects of the wetland park conservation area, management service area, publicity and education exhibition area, establish a relatively complete wetland protection and management system, scientific research monitoring system, science popularization and education system and talent team, and strive to form a wetland and forest ecosystem at the end of the construction period The structure and function of wetland are well protected, and the protection facilities, propaganda and education facilities and service facilities are relatively perfect, with a high level of wetland monitoring, protection and management

Chinese PinYin : Yong An Long Tou Guo Jia Shi Di Gong Yuan