Hadapu Red Army Long March Memorial Hall

Hadapu Red Army Long March Memorial Hall

Hadapu Red Army Long March memorial hall is located in Hadapu Town, Dangchang County, Gansu Province. It is located on the main road of national highway 212. It is 35km away from the county in the south, 35km away from Minxian County in the north and 70km away from laizikou in the West. The three main forces of the first, second and fourth front armies of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army passed through Hadapu during the long march. Hadapu is located at the foot of Minshan Mountain. In 1935, the second and third front armies of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army broke through the encirclement and interception of the Kuomintang reactionaries and went straight into Hadapu, where they made a great strategic decision of commanding troops in Northern Shaanxi and establishing a revolutionary base, which wrote a glorious page in the history of Chinese revolution. Hadapu Red Army Long March memorial hall was built in 1978. In October 1981, it was announced as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit by Gansu Provincial People's government. In June 2001, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.

In December 2016, Hadapu Red Army Long March memorial hall was listed in the National Red Tourism classic scenic spot list.

Historical course

Since 1984, several major sites have been restored and repaired according to their original appearance. It was officially built in October 1985. In December 1994, Hadapu Memorial Hall of the long march was named as the provincial patriotic education demonstration base by Gansu provincial Party committee; in May 2000, it was named as Gansu national defense education base by Gansu National Defense Education Commission; in June 2001, it was named as the national patriotic education demonstration base by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee; in June 2001, it was announced as the national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. In December 2004, it was named as the provincial Party history education base by the Party History Research Office of Gansu provincial Party committee. In September 2005, the Ministry of construction and the State Administration of cultural relics jointly awarded Hadapu the title of "China's famous historical and cultural town". Hu Yaobang, former general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, inscribed the name of Hadapu Red Army Long March Memorial Hall. The new Hadapu Long March memorial hall was built in Hadapu Red Army square in 2006.

structure

The Red Army Long March Memorial Hall in Hadapu consists of seven revolutionary sites: (1) yihechang pharmacy where Mao Zedong and Zhang Wentian lived; (2) Tongshan society where the headquarters of the first front army of the Red Army and Zhou Enlai lived; (3) Guandi temple where the meeting of cadres above the second front army of the Red Army was held; (4) Zhangjia courtyard where the general headquarters of the second front army of the Red Army, he long and Ren Bishi lived; (5) The former Hadapu "post agency"; (6) Hadapu Soviet government; (7) Soviet Hadapu guerrilla headquarters. It covers an area of more than 5500 square meters and a construction area of 2400 square meters. There are 52 revolutionary cultural relics in the museum, including 1 national first-class cultural relic, 8 national second-class cultural relic and 14 national third-class cultural relic. There are 116 inscriptions, handwriting and ink marks of 7 generals, 22 generals and 77 major generals, including Hu Yaobang, Zhang Zhen, Xiao Ke and Yang Chengwu. During the 25000 Li Long March of the world-famous Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, the first, second and fourth front armies arrived at Hadapu twice in September 1935 and September 1936, and carried out a large number of revolutionary activities in Longnan for three months, which is unique in the history of the long march. After the Red Army left, the local Party members and masses risked their lives to preserve the revolutionary sites. Hadapu revolutionary site is the largest, most comprehensive and most complete revolutionary memorial site after Jinggangshan and Yan'an in Northern Shaanxi.

historical significance

On September 18, 1935, the Party Central Committee led the Red Army to break through the natural danger of Lazikou and occupy Hadapu. On the afternoon of the 20th, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other central leaders arrived in Hadapu. The KMT newspaper in the local post agency got the news that there were red army and base areas in Northern Shaanxi, and made a major decision to put the foothold of the Red Army's long march in Northern Shaanxi. On September 23, the Central Committee led the Shaanxi Gansu detachment to leave Hadapu and head north. On August 9, 1936, the 30th army of the Fourth Front Army of the red army occupied Hadapu after passing through Lazikou; on August 25, the Sixth Army of the second front army of the Red Army entered Hadapu. On September 1, the general headquarters of the second front army and the second army arrived at Hadapu. On October 4, they went north one after another. When the State Council announced the national key cultural relics protection units, it said that "Hadapu is an important decision-making place to determine the fate of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army during the long march.".

Hadapu, the former site of the Red Army's Long March, is located on a street with a length of more than 1200 meters, which is composed of 382 shops. It is the longest and most complete street that the Red Army walked on the long march. Luo Kaifu, executive deputy general manager of economic daily, called this street "the first street of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army on the long march" in his article "the party must command the gun". Yihechang pharmacy is located in Shangjie, which consists of three North rooms and eleven South Street facing shops, all of which are tile houses. The north room is the original building, the central hall is the office of the CPC Central Committee at that time, the left room is Mao Zedong's living room, and the right room is Zhang Wentian's living room. The plaque of "Hadapu Memorial Hall" inscribed by Hu Yaobang, former general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, hangs above the center of the door. The street front shop was built according to its original appearance. It was a medicine shop at that time. The "post agency" is about 10 meters away from the "yihechang" pharmacy in the West. There are two shops facing the street. "Tongshan society" is a compact small courtyard on the lower street more than 200 meters southeast of "yihechang" drugstore. The north building is a two-story building with three civil structures. The first front Red Army headquarters and Zhou Enlai's living room are on the lower floor. The East-West wing houses are occupied by Red Army guards and signalmen. All houses are original buildings. "Guandi Temple" is on the lower street about 200 meters away from the east of "Tongshan society". The old buildings were destroyed in the "Cultural Revolution". The main hall, left and right side halls and hall were restored and rebuilt in 1989. About 100 meters to the southeast of Guandi temple is the "Zhangjia courtyard". The East, West and South houses are all original buildings. The north house is three two-story wooden buildings restored according to the original appearance. The upper floor is Helong's living room. The lower floor is Ren Bishi's, Liu Bocheng's, Xiao Ke's and Guan Xiangying's living room. The East chamber is Lida's living room. The west chamber is occupied by guards. On the gate is a plaque inscribed by General Xiao Ke, the former deputy commander of the red 20000 front army, on the "former site of the general headquarters of the red 20000 front army" in 1995. Hadapu is a milestone of the long march of the Red Army to the north and a turning point of the long march. It is famous for its special position in the glorious history of the Chinese revolution and is called the "gas station" of the long march by General Yang Chengwu.

Revolutionary culture

Hadapu is the site where the revolutionary cultural relics of the Red Army are displayed most and preserved most completely during the long march in Gansu Province. There are 52 cultural relics in the museum, including 1 national first-class cultural relics, 8 national second-class cultural relics and 14 national third-class cultural relics. The collection includes 116 inscriptions by 7 generals, 22 generals and 77 major generals, including Hu Yaobang, Zhang Zhen, Xiao Ke, Yang Chengwu, Yang Dezhi and Zhang Aiping, more than 30 inscriptions by provincial military leaders, more than 100 inscriptions by domestic celebrities, 106 resumes of generals, more than 80 photos, and more than 20 biographies of guerrilla martyrs in Hadapu. Since its establishment, the museum has received more than 200000 visitors from the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan and other international friends, compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, leaders of the party, government and army at all levels in China, the PLA, the armed police force, students from universities, technical secondary schools, primary and secondary schools, various social organizations and all walks of life. Many writers, artists, painters and photographers, such as Chen Jing, a famous Red Army Writer, Wei Wei and solle, have visited Hadapu on the long march. More than 20 films, TV programs, newspapers and periodicals in China have broadcast and published documentaries, TV feature films, papers and articles on Hadapu Memorial.

Main position

Hadapu played an extremely important role in the history of the long march of the Red Army. The Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao made a major decision here to put the foothold of the long march in Northern Shaanxi. Before Hadapu, the Red Army put forward the goal of going north to resist Japan, but its main task was to highlight the encirclement and not be annihilated by Chiang Kai Shek. However, there was no clear destination for going north. Mao Zedong and other leading comrades of the Central Committee decided that the Red Army should go to northern Shaanxi to establish a base area on the basis of the information provided by the enemy and puppet newspapers found in Hadapu post agency. This is another great turning point of the Red Army on the long march. Hadapu is the decision-making place to decide the fate of the Red Army during the long march and the "gas station" on the way. After climbing snow mountain and grassland, the red army arrived at Hadapu. It was tired and thin because of hunger. In order to quickly restore the physical strength of the Red Army, the General Political Department put forward the slogan of "everyone should eat well". After recuperation and replenishment, the physical strength of the soldiers was restored, their spirits were inspired, and their combat effectiveness was greatly improved. A meeting of cadres at or above the regiment level was held to unify the thinking of the whole party. On the morning of September 22, 1935, the Party Central Committee held a meeting of the leaders of the Central Committee in the place where Comrade Mao Zedong lived. On the afternoon of that day, a meeting of cadres at or above the regiment level was held at Guandi temple. Comrade Mao Zedong made a report on the situation and the reorganization of the Red Army. In the report, Comrade Mao Zedong said: comrades, in the past year, we have walked 20000 Li, breaking the enemy's numerous pursuit, blockade and encirclement. Although there are still planes in the sky and Chiang Kai Shek even dreamed of destroying us, we are here. Now we are sitting in the Guandi temple in Hadapu, holding a meeting in comfort. This is a great victory in itself. However, in the face of victory, we must calmly analyze the situation and estimate the situation. The deployment of 340000 troops by the Kuomintang in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces is a serious threat to the Red Army's northward Anti Japanese campaign. hair

Chinese PinYin : Ha Da Pu Hong Jun1 Zhang Zheng Ji Nian Guan