Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences

synonym

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences generally refers to Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a national AAAAA tourist attraction. It is located in Huludao, Menglun Town, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. It is the largest botanical garden in China with the richest collection of species and the most specialized botanical gardens

It is also a comprehensive research institution and scenic spot integrating scientific research, species conservation and popular science education.

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, formerly known as "Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden" established under the leadership of Professor Cai Xitao in 1959, was renamed Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in September 1996 with the approval of the office of the central organization committee.

On March 28, 2017, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences was selected as "the first batch of China's top ten science and technology tourism bases" by the National Tourism Administration and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Historical evolution

In May 1958, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden was first built in Damenglong street, Jinghong, Xishuangbanna. Due to the proximity to the border and social security, it was moved to Menglun Town, Mengla County at the end of 1958.

On January 1, 1959, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden was officially established in Huludao.

From 1959 to June 1970, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences was established under Kunming Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In July 1970, with the approval of the State Council, it was transferred to the local government and renamed "Yunnan Institute of tropical plants", under the leadership of Yunnan Science and Technology Commission.

In March 1978, with the approval of the State Council, it was incorporated into the Chinese Academy of Sciences and renamed "Yunnan Institute of tropical plants, Chinese Academy of Sciences", directly under the leadership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In January 1987, the Chinese Academy of Sciences adjusted the system of the three biological institutions in Yunnan. Except for the laboratory of experimental plant community, which was assigned to Kunming Institute of ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the rest were incorporated into Kunming Institute of Botany, and the name of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, was restored.

In January 1987, the plant community office of Yunnan Institute of Tropical Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the ecological office of Kunming Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences merged to establish Kunming Institute of ecology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the rest became Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden under the jurisdiction of Kunming Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden under the jurisdiction of Kunming Institute of Botany and Kunming Institute of ecology were merged into an independent research institution of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

At the end of 1998, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences became one of the first experimental units of the knowledge innovation project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In July 2011, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences became a national 5A tourist attraction.

geographical environment

Location context

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is located in Huludao, Menglun Town, Mengla County, Jinghong City, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. It is 96 kilometers away from Jinghong City and more than 100 kilometers away from Mengla County. It covers an area of 11.25 km2 with 101 ° 25 ′ E and 21 ° 41 ′ n.

climatic conditions

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is located in the south of Tropic of cancer, with an average annual temperature of 21.4 ℃. It has a North tropical monsoon climate. It is characterized by abundant heat, no extreme heat in summer, no severe cold in winter, abundant precipitation and distinct dry and rainy seasons.

Park resources

Preservation of plants

As of September 2015, more than 12000 kinds of living plants have been collected in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, covering an area of about 11.25km2. 38 special plant areas have been built, and a primitive tropical rain forest with an area of about 250hm2 has been preserved.

According to incomplete statistics, there are about 1400 species, 130 families and more than 1000 species of tropical plants in 38 special parks of the park, including 458 species of Palmae, including Qiong palm, aiqiong palm, Dong palm and longzong, which belong to national protection plants, Wangtian tree, Shizi and yulvmu in Yunnan, as well as teak and flower There are more than 20 kinds of tropical rare timber tree species, such as Limu, Diannan red thick shell; 121 kinds of gymnosperms, such as araucaceae, Pinaceae, Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae, Podocarpaceae, cephalotaxuaceae, Taxaceae; about 150 kinds of Ficus; 170 kinds of Zingiberaceae; more than 300 kinds of pteridophytes, including more than 10 kinds of national key protected and rare pteridophytes; yujiuhua, Manjianghong, Eichhornia crassifolia, Sophora japonica There are about 100 species (varieties) of aquatic plants, such as Azolla, dapiao, Potamogeton, water lily, 645 species (varieties) of tropical flower plants, more than 250 species of bamboos, such as julongzhu, Bizhu, Cizhu, nuomixiangzhu, etc There are 641 species (varieties) of wild fruit trees in Lahe.

Facilities and equipment

Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences

The library was founded in 1959. After the botanical garden was newly established in 1996, there were two libraries in Banna garden department and Kunming Branch. On January 1, 2011, the new research center was completed and put into use, and the library was moved to the new site.

As of September 2015, the library has a building area of 1700 square meters and a reading area of 1400 square meters. There are 52899 books and periodicals in the collection, including 7833 English books, 16978 Chinese books, 16224 English periodicals, 8343 Chinese periodicals, 1272 Russian books, 952 Russian periodicals, 655 Japanese books and 642 Japanese Periodicals. The collection covers Botany (especially Tropical Botany), ecology, plant ecology, horticulture, agricultural science and forestry science.

The construction of computer automatic management of the library has been basically completed, with 49378 entries in the bibliography of the database, including books and materials of Chinese and Western languages. Every year, the library purchases and collects 84 kinds of Western Periodicals, 245 kinds of Chinese periodicals, more than 300 Chinese books and about 100 Western books.

 

Tropical plant germplasm resource bank of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences

The tropical plant germplasm resource bank has a total working area of 450 square meters, which consists of two parts: Germplasm Repository and seed biology laboratory.

With an area of 144 square meters and a total capacity of about 150000 germplasm materials, the Germplasm Repository is a Germplasm Repository with good facilities to preserve wild plant genetic germplasm in China. According to the international standards of the same kind of library, the library is equipped with seed and Micropropagation preservation libraries at - 18 ℃, + 4 ℃, + 15 ℃. It also has liquid nitrogen production equipment and corresponding ultra-low temperature storage equipment for ultra-low temperature preservation experimental research. It is equipped with relatively complete experimental conditions for seed water content treatment and Germplasm vitality detection.

The seed biology laboratory covers an area of 300 square meters, with major research means and experimental facilities including plant physiology, cell biology, molecular biology and other disciplines. It focuses on the study of tropical plant germplasm storage physiology and plant stress resistance physiology, and can be engaged in water physiology, hormone and enzyme research, DNA manipulation and plant tissue culture .

More than 500 kinds of wild plants and local traditional rice seed resources, traditional vegetable resources and their wild genetic types in Yunnan hot area and neighboring Southeast Asian countries were collected, put into the database and established a microcomputer data system. More than 4100 of these germplasm materials have been preserved. More than 60 tropical wild plants with important economic value have been studied for micropropagation and preservation, and tissue culture and preservation have been established There are more than 2000 strains.

 

Herbarium of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences

The herbarium of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is one of the technical support institutions in the scientific research system of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It provides technical support services for the discipline development of the garden, and also provides technical services for local forestry, environmental protection, landscape architecture, customs, public security, science popularization and other social undertakings.

The museum is a collection of vascular plant flora specimens centered on the tropical areas of Southern Yunnan and radiating from the subtropical areas of Yunnan and the tropical areas of Southeast Asia, as well as regional forest community positioning research voucher specimens and seed specimens. It belongs to the local tropical plant Herbarium. It has both the particularity of tropical forest ecology research collection preservation and distinct tropical plant collection characteristics Color.

With the establishment of the botanical garden in Huludao, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna, in 1959, the herbarium was established by Professor Cai Xitao, a famous botanist

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Ke Yuan Xi Shuang Ban Na Re Dai Zhi Wu Yuan