Dongguan guild hall

Dongguan guild hall

Dongguan guild hall, located at 81 Zhongshan South Street, Nantou ancient city, was built in 1868 and rebuilt in 1907. The building faces east and West. It is three Bay wide and two-way deep, with a width of 12.13 meters. It has a gray plastic roof and glazed tile surface. It is carved with birds, animals and flowers. During the reign of Tongzhi, Liang jin'ao wrote the name of Shimen regular script library. In October 2005, Nanshan District government invested in the reconstruction.

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Dongguan guild hall

Xin'an ancient city, also known as Nantou ancient city, is located in the north of Nantou overpass in Nanshan District, covering an area of about 70000 square meters. It is the largest historical and cultural relics tourist attraction in Shenzhen, with a long history of more than 1730 years. Since the Jin Dynasty, Hong Kong, Macao, Zhuhai, Zhongshan, Dongguan and other places have long been under the jurisdiction of Nantou ancient city. Dongguan guild hall, located at 81 Zhongshan South Street, Nantou ancient city, is the only preserved guild building in Shenzhen. As early as June 1984, it was listed as the "key cultural relics protection unit of Shenzhen" by Shenzhen municipal government. The existing elegant furniture and elegant interior furnishings show the past prosperity of economy and culture. There are 11 Dongguan Guildhall in China

Mottled walls, stone covered with moss, all showing the traces of time. A reporter from Nandu recently visited the Dongguan guild hall in Nantou ancient city. What he saw were the four characters of "Dongguan guild hall". The door of the guild hall was slightly opened. From time to time, adults and children passing by looked inside curiously. The guild hall is a traditional courtyard layout, which is composed of gate, stage, viewing hall, hall, wing room, courtyard and other basic parts. It is mainly composed of folk architecture, and the main part has the technique of tubular architecture. There is a small door between the viewing hall and the hall, and the wing room is decorated with the furniture of that year, including ancient exquisite telephone, blue and white hexagonal beam porcelain teapot, double door wardrobe, a full set of tables and chairs, etc.

Walking into the middle of the courtyard, looking up, you can see a grass growing above the corner. On one side of the courtyard, there is a porcelain basin with a diameter of about 1 meter. The basin is full of clear water and just spits out a trace of green. It has a unique artistic conception of "Lotus just shows its sharp corners". According to Zhang, director of the Group Work Department of Nantou ancient city museum, there are 11 Dongguan guildhalls in history all over the country, which are distributed in Beijing, Suzhou, Lianxian, Guangdong, Nanning, Guangxi and other places. The one in the ancient city, which was built in 1868, also known as "Bao'an office", has a history of more than 140 years. It is the chamber of Commerce of Dongguan businessmen in the city at that time, and there are four stone tablets in the museum It records the scenes of markets, shops, and merchants in the ancient city of Nantou in the Qing Dynasty, and witnesses the glory of the ancient city of Nantou.

It used to be very popular

In the exhibition hall of Dongguan guild hall, you can see the "exhibition of Chinese Ming and Qing Guildhall". From more than 80 existing Guildhall in China, representative buildings are selected and displayed in the form of pictures, including Shantou Dapu Guildhall, Foshan Qionghua Guildhall and Yingde Guangzhou Guildhall. It is reported that most of the guild hall in China is a geopolitical organization established by local flavor ties, and a small part of it is a trade organization with the aim of Commerce and trade. In 331, Dongguan county was set up, which governed Baoan, Xingning, Haifeng, Haiyang, Haining and other six counties. Nantou developed from the salt administration center since Han Dynasty to the political, economic and cultural center of a county, which was not only the county office but also the county government. In 757, Dongguan was changed to Dongguan. During the song and Ming Dynasties, it became more and more important and became an important stop on the maritime Silk Road. All foreign fleets and merchant ships from various countries stayed here. Dongguan guild hall was the chamber of commerce at that time.

The walls and floors of Dongguan guild hall have been rebuilt, especially the "floor" originally made of red bricks in the hall, which has been rebuilt. The cement board on the courtyard wall is engraved with the words "rebuild the office" and the following is densely engraved with the names of donors and so on. "At present, these ancient relics have been seriously damaged. We are starting to protect and renovate the ancient city, and the design plan and scheme have yet to be proved by experts and approved by the government." Nantou ancient city has become a political, economic and cultural center since it was established as a county in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which is also the beginning of Shenzhen's urban history. It was only in the Tang Dynasty that the county was moved to Dongguan for some time, and then it was restored in the Ming Dynasty. At that time, Nantou was full of people, and businessmen from Dongguan often stayed here. It was a famous chamber of commerce at that time.

Dongguan guild hall, Beijing

1、 Dongguan guild hall, Beijing

It used to be a private garden of a general during the reign of Emperor Kangxi and Yongzheng. It has a history of 300 years. In 1918, it was donated by Chen Botao to build Dongguan guild hall in Beijing. From 1920s to 1940s, there was a gathering of Dongguan cultural celebrities in the guild hall. In the guild hall, there was a plaque with the title of Kang Youwei. It was also the place where Rong Geng took refuge to study. In the old days, people of the same origin or industry set up institutions in the capital and other major cities, and built halls for the gathering and lodging of fellow townsmen, fellow travelers and colleagues.

Before 1949, how many guild halls were there in Dongguan? I don't know, but in Beijing, the capital, there is a guild hall. My grandfather, Lun Ming, lived in Dongguan guild hall after he came to Beijing Normal University in the late Qing Dynasty (1902). My father, uncle lunsheng, was born in Dongguan guild hall. In 1950, I was born in Dongguan guild hall.

The family has lived in Dongguan guild hall for several generations and has deep feelings for Dongguan guild hall. In 2008, Beijing held the world-famous Olympic Games. In order to hold this world-famous event, Beijing carried out large-scale construction and transformed many old urban areas. Dongguan guild hall was demolished in 2007. However, the history and story about Dongguan guild hall handed down by my grandfather and father still linger in my mind.

The guild hall used to be my home

My father, lunshenshu (formerly known as lunrunrong), was born in Dongguan Xinguan in 1919 and lived for more than 40 years. His grandfather, Lun Ming, lived in Dongguan guild hall for more than 30 years. When the Anti Japanese war broke out, his family returned to Guangdong. At that time, his grandfather thought that Beijing had a good style of study and left his father to go to school alone. In 1945, my father graduated from Physics Department of Beijing Normal University. My father was good at painting. When he was young, he drew many sketches, watercolors and pen paintings, framed and hung them on the wall. What impressed me most was that my father, out of his love for the guild hall, drew the magnificent building of the hall in the form of pen and ink. It was lifelike, and each tile was clearly distinguishable. Unfortunately, the painting did not survive.

According to my father's narration and literature records, my grandfather, lunming, whose name is zheru, was born in Wangniudun, Dongguan County, Guangdong Province in 1875 (November of the first year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty). He was born in a scholarly family. He was born in gengzi Enzheng, Guangxu, and has become the alternate magistrate of Guangxi. In the 28th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the imperial edict was issued to open the Capital University. Together with his younger brothers, Lun Xu, Lun Chuo and his cousin, Lun Ming went to Beijing to study in 1902. Among the 500 students of the Capital University, there were four brothers of Lun's family, all of whom were well-known.

In 1907 (the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), lunming graduated from the first phase of the advanced normal school for five years. Mr. Rong zhaozu, a famous professor of Peking University, called Lun Ming "shuangju Ren". Lunming was familiar with Chinese culture, literature and history, ancient book editions, poetry and so on. He loved collecting books all his life and became a famous book collector in the period of the Republic of China. At that time, lunming's home in Dongguan new library was full of books, which were piled under the eaves. It's just a small part of a private collection. In addition, more than 400 boxes of books were put in the Dongguan guild hall in the romantic Hutong, with a total of millions of books. At that time, Mr. Li shumeng was employed to read and dry books. Lunming's collection is in the innermost courtyard. During the war period, lunming was diligent in bookstores and vendors, ignored the collection of books in the dust, bought a large number of books from rich families, and also went to other places to buy a lot of books. Some precious books were rescued from the books to be pulped in the waste purchase station, which avoided the loss of some ancient books and protected the country's cultural heritage. At that time, his colleagues said: where lunming went, there were often three or five copywriters who followed him, and a few people who supplemented books all the year round. They praised him as the bole of books. During his stay in Beijing, Lun Ming was a professor at Yanjing University, Peking University, Furen University, Beijing Normal University and the Republic of China University. In order to obtain a wide range of books and study knowledge, lunming and sun Dianqi (also known as sun Yaoqing) jointly opened the "tongxuezhai" bookstore in Liulichang, Beijing, to manage and collect ancient books. Lunming trained sun Dianqi, an apprentice with only high and primary culture, to be able to distinguish ancient books and editions. Mr. Sun put the rare books on the register, and later compiled a book named "book selling incident", which was very famous and became a bibliographer of Chinese ancient books.

Before the Anti Japanese War, Beijing had to compile a pure catalogue of Siku Quanshu, because there were many taboos and omissions in the past dynasties and Qing Dynasty. Many of the books collected by lunming are rare and precious. He called the place where he collected his books (the innermost courtyard of Dongguan guild hall in lanman hutong) as "xushulou", aiming to continue to compile Sikuquanshu. According to the records, lunming has a rich collection of books, which is enough to renew seven or eight out of ten of the complete works of Siku. As early as 1925, Zhang Shizhao, Minister of education at that time, wanted to photocopy the complete works of Siku. Lun Ming published his opinion in the newspaper, and wrote his paper "my humble opinion on printing the complete works of Siku", which advocated that it was better to continue the compilation.

In 1937, the Anti Japanese war broke out. In order to avoid the war, lunming stayed in Guangdong to teach and never returned to Beijing. Most of lunming's works were completed in Dongguan guild hall in Beijing, and some of them were renewed intermittently

Chinese PinYin : Dong Wan Hui Guan