Fan MINQUE

Fan MINQUE

Fanminque and stone carvings, the national key cultural relics protection units, are located in the east of Feibao highway, Liming Village, Modong Town, Lushan County, Sichuan Province. The Que and the stone carvings are the remains of the ground architecture stone carvings of the tomb of fan min, the governor of Bajun County in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are three left que, stele and stone beast, one animal embryo, one stone turtle and some remains of the right que. It was built in 205, the 10th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty. According to the postscript of fan min's tablet Yin Qiu Chang, fan min que had collapsed in the Northern Song Dynasty, so it could not be found in the description of gold and stone. The original que is a double one with buttresses. The existing left que was restored in 1957 with funds from Sichuan Provincial Department of culture.

summary

Fanminque, the architectural remains of Han Dynasty, is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Located in shimaba, south of Lushan County, Ya'an, Sichuan. It was built in 205, the 10th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Fall back. It was discovered in 1957. It is a wood like structure built with red sandstone, 4.95 meters high. Under the eaves of the main palace, there is a relief of "ten sons of a dragon", and the corner of the Dougong layer is carved with the figure of two handed arch bearers. The top of the que is of five ridges. There are two stone beasts, Tianlu and Bixie, in front of the que. Beside the que is a stele of fan min, 2.5 meters high and 1.7 meters wide; the top is a dome; the body of the stele is engraved with "the stele of fan Fujun, the prefect of Bajun County in the old Han Dynasty"; the bottom is engraved with 18 lines and 557 characters; the last line is engraved with "Liu Kou Shu, a stone maker in the early March of the 10th year of Jian'an". It is generally believed that que is fan min's tomb que.

brief introduction

Fanmin que is 5.1 meters high and 2.25 meters wide. It is rectangular and made of nine layers of huge stones. It is composed of Que sit, que body, que cover, que eaves and que top. The front relief under the eaves is based on the legend of "dragon born ten sons" of the Yi Nationality in Ailao County, Yunnan Province. There are boys and girls sitting on big trees, happy, angry, sad and happy. The shape is real, and the flavor of life is rich. It is the best stone carving of Han que. It was built in the 10th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The stele of fan min is 2.53 meters high, which is one of the most complete steles of Han Dynasty in China. It is carved with Double Dragons, and is decorated with 12 clerical script of "the stele of fan Fu Jun, the prefect of Ba County, which was the leader of Han Dynasty"; The 558 character inscriptions below record fan min's life and deeds, which are of great academic and artistic value. Since the Northern Song Dynasty, famous scholars such as Zhao Mingcheng, Yang Shengan, sun Xingyan, Kang Youwei, Guo Moruo and Ren Naiqiang have paid tribute to them.

scenic spot

The beast in front of fan min's tomb

In front of fan min's tomb, two sacred Beasts (engraved in 205 A.D.) are 1.45 meters high, 2 meters long and 0.63 meters wide. One is male with forepaws caressing toad; the other is female with forepaws caressing crab. The two beasts have a tiger like head and wings. They hold their chests high and march forward. Their style is rich and simple, and they have a delicate and powerful momentum. The two animal models are based on the book of mountains and seas. The toads and crabs stroked by their forepaws originated from "Chang'e transformed toads" and "female clowns have big crabs".

Original proximal stone lion

The stone lion on the near side of fan min's monument is 1.08 meters high, 1.77 meters long and 0.6 meters wide. Its shape is similar to that of the stone lion in front of Yang Jun's tomb. It is small in size, with curly legs and vivid in shape. However, the legs and feet have not been engraved completely, so they have been abandoned. It may have been abandoned in the eighth year of Jian'an (A.D. 203) when they were not matched with fan min's official position. Fan min's stele was originally a stone animal embryo on the proximal side. Its body outline has been shaped. It may be a stone embryo material for matching with the abandoned stone lion. The base line has been carved out, the abdomen has been chiseled, and the head and back are well-defined, which is an important object for studying the process of Han Dynasty stone carving. The stone germ is 1.28M high, 2.05m long and 0.47M wide. A pair of stone lions in front of the tomb of Yang Jun (i.e. Yang Tong, Du Wei of Shu county's state capital) are 1.7 meters high, 2.3 meters long and 0.66 meters wide. The shape is round in the square, with strong and dignified limbs and strong and vigorous posture. It is made in the shape of head up, mouth up, chest up and tail up. It is full of vitality (both were transported from the original discovery site to the stone carving Museum in 1986).

Stone beast and unicorn

Shiyang Village stone beast and unicorn, each with a height of 1.58 meters, 1.96 meters long, 0.57 meters wide, left foreleg has been disabled, head slightly left, lower jaw has a bundle of Hu, arm has wings, legs have curly hair, head held high, more specific shape, the general name "Yu", according to legend can distinguish evil. It is 1.7 meters high, 2 meters long and 0.52 meters wide. Its head, neck, forelimb and chest have been cut into three sections. Fortunately, it is still alive. The head is double roll angle, claws, arms have wings, healthy feathers three out and abdomen, head back, chest Yang claws, special shape, generally known as "Tianlu". The name of "Tianlu" may be borrowed from the meaning of "Tianlu will last forever" in Shangshu dayumo, in order to obtain the name of Fulu. A stone lion in Shixiang village is disabled. It was originally two. One of them fell into the Qingyi River in the late Qing Dynasty due to the collapse of the river bank. Its shape is similar to the stone lion in front of Yang Jun's tomb. The residual height is 1.1m and the residual length is 1.5m.

Stone beast at the gate of the Eastern Han Dynasty

The stone beast at the gate of the Eastern Han Dynasty is the only one in China. It was found on the right side of the ruins of the ancient city wall of the late Eastern Han Dynasty in Lushan. The excavation site shows that the gate was burned by fire. The stone beast has no head and a tail, which is bent on the hind legs. It has two wings on the back. It has a small beast on its right abdomen. It has a rough, thick and vigorous shape. It has a square hole on its back, which is used to place columns to support buildings. It is recorded in the history of the gate of the Han Dynasty, but the beast is the only thing.

Cash cow

The money tree seat, carved from yellow sandstone, is an oval socket with a height of 42 cm. The sculpture takes the myth and legend of the classic of mountains and seas as the theme. It shows the Kunlun holy mountain where the queen mother of the West lives. A statue of the queen mother of the west is carved in the stone house in the center, and a warrior lies on his side. The surrounding mountains are undulating, with many figures and different expressions. The top is guarded by a one Horned Dragon. The cultural relic was sent to the United States for exhibition.

Stone buildings

The stone carving building, 58 cm long, 44 cm high and 20 cm thick, has three bays on the first floor, one floor and the main hall. Two doors are opened, one is opened, and a woman caresses the right door to open the door. On the left side of the three pillars downstairs, a staircase is inclined. One person holds a broom in his right hand and a towel in his left hand to wipe the staircase. On the right side, one person holds a towel in his left hand and a stick in his right hand to hand To show the servant sweeping to welcome the master's return. The cultural relic is included in the complete works of Chinese art and sent to the United States for exhibition.

The anonymous sarcophagus of the Eastern Han Dynasty

The anonymous sarcophagus of the Eastern Han Dynasty, chiseled with red sandstone, is 2.4 meters long and 0.9 meters wide. It is engraved with four groups of relief sculptures. The shape is rough and the lines are simple, showing that the owner is an official at that time. Among them, one of the most precious pictures reflects the life of Han Dynasty. There are two men and women sitting on the ground and kissing each other. Because of the image of Han Dynasty, it is called "the first kiss in the world". The rubbings were sent to the United States for exhibition.

Tingfu and qiulei statue

The statues of Tingfu and qiulei are two stone servants of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Tingfu is 1.1 meters high, holding a knife in his right hand and a dustpan in his left hand; qiulei is 1.28 meters high, holding an axe in his right hand and a rope in his left hand. In the Han Dynasty, there were two soldiers in the pavilion. One was the father of the pavilion, who was in charge of opening and closing the pavilion, and the other was in charge of catching thieves. Both of them were selected into the complete works of Chinese art.

Bronze figures of Han Dynasty

The bronze statue of the Han Dynasty, sitting on the cone-shaped platform of the Han Dynasty in cirrus clouds, is supported by four animals and knees with hands. It has a bun on its head, ears open, forehead raised, nose raised, mouth opened, teeth exposed, nipples protruded and navel depressed. There are many similarities between the bronze head and the bronze statue of Sanxingdui in Guanghan.

Han brick

Han brick, the number of more than 3000 pieces, chronological brick middle-aged number Yongping 15 years (AD 72), etc.; portrait brick grazing map, hunting map, etc., knife exquisite, realistic, freehand brushwork are good; Jiyu brick "million years old", "stability" and other seal, clerical script.

Latest news

Fan MINQUE, located in Lushan County on the western edge of Sichuan Basin, is an ancient city with a history of more than 2300 years. There are three national key protected cultural relics and 10 provincial key protected cultural relics in the county. After the "4.20 Lushan earthquake", the cultural relics of the whole county were seriously damaged. According to Wu Wei, deputy curator of Lushan County Museum, among the national key cultural relics in Lushan County, fan MINQUE in the Eastern Han Dynasty and above the second layer of stone inscriptions were broken. The Pingxiang building, which was built in the Northern Song Dynasty and rebuilt in the Yuan Dynasty, has cracked walls and displaced brackets. Part of the walls of Qinglong Temple Hall fell off in Yuan Dynasty. Ten key cultural relics under provincial protection, including Wang Hui's Sarcophagus, fotu temple and Jiang Wei's tomb, were damaged to varying degrees.

In Wang Hui's Sarcophagus, the reporter saw a zigzag crack in the outer wall, the broken tiles fell to the ground, and Guo Moruo's inscriptions on both sides of the door were mottled. The sarcophagus is exquisitely shaped. The door cover of the sarcophagus is engraved with the image of Taotie with a ring. On both sides of the sarcophagus are delicate dragon shaped tattoos. On the back wall of the sarcophagus, a pair of snakes and turtles kiss each other. The stone carvings are quite ingenious. However, close to the sarcophagus, the reporter found that the stones on the sarcophagus have fallen off and there are several "new wounds". According to Wu Wei, the sarcophagus is Wang Hui's tomb in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which has a history of more than 1800 years. In terms of production technology and epitaph, it is one of the best in the country. "It is the sarcophagus with epitaph earlier."

Lushan County in Ya'an, Sichuan Province is known as the "hometown of Chinese Han culture" and has a very high position in the academic circles at home and abroad. Among them, fan min stone Que and Lushan stone beast are the representative relics of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Fan min stone que is one of the few relatively well preserved Han Que in China, and it is an important object to study the stone carving technology of the Han Dynasty.

Fanminque, a national key cultural relic protection unit, and its stone carvings are the models of Han Que and Han Dynasty stone carvings in China, with high historical data, aesthetics, architecture and calligraphy

Chinese PinYin : Fan Min Que