Haba Lake

Haba Lake in Yanchi county is located in wanglejing Township, 30km southwest of Yanchi County. It is one of the three scenic spots of huamasi National Forest Park. It is a National Nature Reserve and a natural "biological gene bank" in northern desert. There are more than 20 natural and cultural landscapes, in which mountains, sand and water mingle, trees are luxuriant, sand mountains are majestic, grasslands are vast, beach baths are soft and wide, the lake is clear and blue, the scenery is beautiful and magnificent. Because of its special geographical location, it has rich natural resources. It is characterized by biodiversity, beautiful desert, wetland and lake.

Haba Lake

Haba Lake: a national AAAA ecological scenic spot, Ningxia Haba Lake National Nature Reserve is located in the north central Yanchi County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, adjacent to Dingbian County of Shaanxi Province, Etuokeqian banner of Inner Mongolia and Lingwu City of Ningxia. It belongs to the arid grassland desert area of Yantong Xiangshan. It is 38 kilometers long from north to South and 64 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 160000 hectares. It is one of the scenic spots of huama Temple National Forest Park.

There are 140 species and 44 subspecies of vertebrates in the region, including national, autonomous regional, endangered wild animals and plants and other resources, which is known as the natural "biological gene bank" of western desert.

natural environment

geographical position

Habahu National Nature Reserve in Ningxia is located in the north central part of Yanchi County. Yanchi county is located at the junction of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. Its geographical coordinates are between 106 ° 53 ′ 23 ′ E and 107 ° 39 ′ 37 ′ n, and 37 ° 36 ′ 41 ′ N and 38 ° 01 ′ 59 ′ n. Habahu National Nature Reserve was established in 2006.

Geology and geomorphology

Located in the western margin of Ordos platform, the scenic spot is located in the brenmiao Zhenyuan Cretaceous syncline and the Helan Qinglongshan fold belt at the spine of mountain structure of Qilian Mountain, Luliang Mountain and Helan Mountain. The area is high in the South and low in the north, with an altitude of 1300-1622m. It is composed of loess eroded high slope hills, gentle slope hills, flat depressions, river gullies, desert hills and other geomorphic units.

climatic conditions

The scenic spot is located in the mid temperate continental monsoon climate zone, with the climate characteristics of long cold winter, short hot summer, late spring and early autumn; strong solar radiation, abundant sunshine resources; abundant heat, large temperature difference between day and night; less precipitation, long duration of drought; prevailing westerly wind, windy spring; low air humidity, large evaporation; short frost free period, long soil freezing time. The average annual temperature is 7.1 ℃, the maximum temperature is 37.0 ℃, the minimum temperature is - 29.5 ℃, the accumulated temperature is 3081.2 ℃, the average annual sunshine is 2852.9 hours, the average frost free period is 128 days, the average annual rainfall is 285 mm, 80% of the annual precipitation is concentrated in July September, the average annual evaporation is 2727.4 mm, 9.6 times of the annual precipitation; the average annual wind speed is 2.7 m / s, the number of gale days is 45.8 days, mostly concentrated in November From May to April of the next year, the maximum is 52 days, the maximum wind speed is 15-18 M / s, and the annual average number of sandstorm days is 20.6 days, with the most in spring; the disastrous weather mainly includes drought, frost, hail, wind, sandstorm, dry hot wind, etc.

hydrologic condition

There are no big rivers in the scenic area, all of which are inland gullies. The surface water is supplied by atmospheric precipitation and spring water. Groundwater mainly includes Quaternary Groundwater, bedrock groundwater, confined water and groundwater in Southern Loess area. The water content, area and water rich area of groundwater account for more than 80% of the total groundwater resources.

Chenjiatai tiezhuquan Valley is the upstream part of the ancient hydrological network, which originates from liujijiaotou. The valley is 15km long and 1km wide. Due to the recharge of groundwater runoff from Haba Lake Desert, a water rich point is formed near chenjiatai at the east end of the valley. The aquifer is medium fine sand with a thickness of 5-10m and a maximum thickness of 12.8m. The buried depth of water level is 1.55m. According to the relevant investigation data, the water level drawdown is 3.95M, and the water inflow is 138.2m3/d, which is a good drinking water source.

Vegetation conditions

The scenic spot is located in the ecotone of the four transitional zones, and the vegetation transition is very obvious. The typical grassland plants in the Loess Plateau, the typical desert grassland plants, the typical desert grassland plants in the Mu Us sandy land, the non zonal salt shrub and wetland meadow plants are distributed in the ecotone, which shows the characteristics of mutual intersection and infiltration of plants in the transitional zone.

Deciduous shrub, meadow, arid grassland, desert grassland, desert, wetland vegetation and other typical natural landscape. There are 7 vegetation types, 15 vegetation subtypes and 25 formations of deciduous shrub, meadow, grassland, sandy vegetation in grassland zone, desert, aquatic vegetation, swamp and floodplain vegetation.

Animal condition

The fauna of the scenic spot belongs to the Northeast Asia of Palaearctic, the Loess Plateau of Northeast China and the western desert of Mongolia Xinjiang region of Central Asia, bordering on the South Asia of Qinghai Tibet region and the western mountain plateau of central China region of Oriental, Sino Indian, and so on. There are 149 species (including subspecies) of various terrestrial wild animals in this region, including 3 orders, 5 families, 10 species of amphibians and reptiles, 16 orders, 30 families, 83 species of birds and 6 orders, 16 families, 56 species of mammals. There are 2 species of black stork and great bustard under the first level protection of kuangjia, 16 species of spotted billed pelican, white heron, swan, Little Swan and mandarin duck under the second level protection of the state, and 3 species of Desert Cat, rabbit and monkey and goose larynx antelope under the second level protection of the state. There are 436 species belonging to 140 families of Insecta in the area, including 376 species belonging to 109 families of pests, accounting for 86.2% of the total insect species, and 60 species belonging to 34 families of beneficial insects, accounting for 13.8% of the total insect species. There are 13 species of arachnids in 7 families and 17 species of mites in 5 families. It is known as the "gene bank of germplasm and genetic resources in Western China".

Soil conditions

The soil types are divided into zonal soil and non zonal soil. The zonal soil is mainly calcareous soil, while the non zonal soil is mainly aeolian sandy soil, fluvo aquic soil, saline soil, newly accumulated soil, and bedding soil.

Historical evolution

In 2002, Yanchi mechanical Forest Farm invited relevant leaders and experts to make repeated investigation and comprehensive evaluation, and submitted to the State Forestry Bureau (State Forestry Bureau Forest Farm Fa [2002] No. 274) for approval to establish Ningxia huamasi National Forest Park.

Honor of scenic spot

In December 2011, Haba Lake ecotourism area was rated as the national agricultural leisure demonstration site by the Ministry of agriculture and the National Tourism Administration

In 2013, Haba Lake Leisure Resort established the first self driving (International) camp in Ningxia

In 2014, Haba Lake leisure resort was rated as three-star of national agriculture and rural tourism

In 2014, Haba Lake leisure resort was rated as the national four-star agricultural and rural tourism

In 2014, Haba Lake leisure resort was rated as "3-star farmhouse" by the Provincial Department of agriculture and animal husbandry

In October 2014, Haba Lake leisure resort was approved as the creation base of China Photographers Association

In July 2015, Ningxia painting and Calligraphy Academy set up a creative base in Haba Lake leisure resort

In May 2017, it was rated as "4-star enterprise" by Ningxia township enterprise economic service center

In March 2018, Haba Lake was approved as a national 4A level ecotourism area by the regional tourism scenic area quality rating committee

Main attractions

Haba Lake is located at the source of the largest quicksand belt in the middle of the salt pond. The continuous desert with an area of 50 square kilometers has become a desert oasis and a beautiful forest landscape after two generations of forestry workers' hard management. Salix psammophila rippled green waves in the sand sea with the wind. Clusters of Salix psammophila forests in the dune lowlands were like mushroom clouds. What's more valuable is that the natural Salix forest and poplar firewood forest with considerable area and rarity have been preserved in the southern margin of Mu Us sandy land, which has become a unique plant community.

Yanchi Tan sheep

The famous brand "Yanchi Tanyang" is the main food material in the scenic spot. The unique natural climate conditions and high-quality forage resources make Yanchi Tanyang a high-quality variety. You can taste the authentic "finger sheep". It is famous for its green and safe, tender meat, low cholesterol, no smell and no smell. It has been honored at the G20 Hangzhou summit and the state banquet table, and has been popular all over the country.

Star watching camping

The unique wooden house villa and wild luxury tent in the desert forest in the scenic area, with elegant environment, comfortable and quiet, will place you in the natural oxygen bar, away from the noise of the city, close embrace with nature, where you can relax, enjoy sufficient sunshine, and have an ideal sunbath and sand therapy.

This is the best place to shoot the starry sky. The vast and quiet night sky is full of stars and the Milky way is transparent. It's like diamonds of all sizes, dotted with bright lights. The stars all over the sky merge the dreamlike light together, gently sprinkle on the earth, making people daydream.

Populus euphratica

When you get to Haba Lake, you don't need Ejina. Walking in the woods, you are not only affected by the poetic and picturesque scenery in front of you, but also moved by the tall and straight vigor, which brings you shock again and again. When we step into Haba Lake in late autumn, the Populus simonii will lose its green and be wrapped in golden dress. The golden charm is gorgeous and beautiful. At a glance, it is a picture that can't be seen

Chinese PinYin : Ha Ba Hu