Zhengzhou Erqi Memorial Hall

Zhengzhou Erqi Memorial Hall

Zhengzhou Erqi memorial hall, also known as "Erqi Memorial Hall", is located at 82 Qiantang Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province. It is the former site of Jinghan Railway General Union. The building covers an area of 6440 square meters in the West and 3917 square meters in the East. It is divided into the main building and the auxiliary building on both sides. It is a two-story building with blue brick, pointed roof and red tile roof. It is a memorial building of brick and wood structure. Officially opened on February 7, 1953, it is one of the earliest memorial buildings in New China

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In November 1986, the Erqi Memorial Hall in Zhengzhou was rated as the cultural relics protection unit of Henan Province; in June 2006, it was rated as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units

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Historical evolution

On February 1, 1923, the workers of Jinghan railway held the founding meeting of the Federation of trade unions in "putongyuan".

In September 1951, the party and the government established the former site of the Federation of trade unions, the "universal paradise", and built the February 7th Memorial Hall in Zhengzhou.

February 7, 1953, Zhengzhou Erqi Memorial opened

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Architectural pattern

The exhibition room is located on the 2nd to 6th floors of the 27 memorial tower, with a total area of 250 square meters. There are three exhibition rooms and four themes. Exhibits include objects, pictures, models, charts, photos and text materials. Other exhibition rooms are temporary exhibitions. At the beginning of 1986, the exhibition of the history of the February 7th revolutionary struggle of the museum participated in the large-scale exhibition of the road of the Chinese revolution, which was attended by 18 revolutionary memorial halls and museums across the country, and was reported by CCTV. At the same time, from 1989 to 1998, the revolutionary tradition education team was organized to go deep into schools, factories, government organs, rural areas and troops to give hundreds of revolutionary tradition reports, which were warmly welcomed by leaders at all levels and all sectors of the society, highly praised and had a wide influence.

Collection

There are 8 exhibition rooms in the museum, displaying historical materials and cultural relics of the February 7th struggle, and large cultural relics, oil paintings and models are displayed outside the cabinet. The museum has a collection of iron steles commemorating the completion of the Yellow River Railway Bridge in 1905.

After the opening of the Jinghan railway, the used big bell;

In 1921, the trade union took over the small cloth pocket of the meeting fee;

1922 worker's club badge;

Sirens for "strike in August";

In 1923, the certificate and seal of the General Union of Beijing Han railway;

The workers on the 27 th strike checked the axes and sledgehammers used by the team members;

Handcuffs, shackles and other major cultural relics worn by the arrested workers in Baoding prison.

Honors

In December 2019, he won the "Henan Museum core values dissemination Award", "Henan Museum social education work advanced collective" and "Henan Museum free opening work advanced collective".

In July 2020, Zhengzhou Erqi memorial hall was selected as the first batch of red education bases in Henan Province.

historical significance

Erqi Memorial Tower (Museum) is located in Erqi square in the center of Zhengzhou city. It is located at the intersection of Renmin Road, Erqi Road, Jiefang Road, Zhongyuan Road, West Street and Dehua Street. It faces Hualian Commercial Building, mall commercial building, natural commercial building, Asia shopping mall, Jinbo shopping mall, department store and International Friendship Square.

Erqi memorial is a landmark building in Zhengzhou. It covers an area of 352 square meters and a building area of 1923 square meters. It is a reinforced concrete structure with two parallel Pentagon planes. It is a unique conjoined twin tower in Chinese architecture. The tower is 63 meters high and has 14 storeys in total. The base of the tower is three storeys, and the stone column surrounds the reading platform. The tower has 11 floors. The top corner of each floor is an antique cornice with green glazed tiles. On the top of the tower, there is a bell tower, with a diameter of 2.7 meters on six sides. The bell tolls the time and plays the music "Dongfanghong". The bell sounds loud and melodious. At the top of the clock tower stands a 9-meter concrete flagpole with a red five pointed star on it. There is a basement passage to enter the tower from the entrance of the square. Inside the tower, there is a spiral staircase on one side and an exhibition room on the other. Visitors can climb up to the top of the tower or take the elevator to have a bird's-eye view of the city. The 27 memorial tower was built to commemorate the 27 workers' strike. On February 1, 1923, the workers of each station of Beijing Han railway established the General Union of Beijing Han railway in Zhengzhou puleyuan (today's 27 Memorial Hall). Due to the obstruction and destruction of feudal warlords, the General Assembly decided to hold a general strike on February 4. On February 7, warlords Wu Peifu and Xiao Yaonan brutally suppressed the striking workers in Zhengzhou, Jiang'an and Changxindian under the command of imperialism. The workers of the whole line shared a common hatred of the enemy and were not afraid of sacrifice. They fought bravely and tenaciously with the reactionaries. In this struggle, more than 40 people, including Communist Party members and workers' leaders Lin Xiangqian, Shi Yang and Gao Bin, were killed and more than 400 people were injured, arousing the revolutionary fury of the national workers' strike. This is the famous "27 strike".

On February 7, 1925, the Jinghan railway workers held a workers' Congress in Zhengzhou, solemnly announcing the restoration of the Jinghan Railway General Union. On October 15, 1926, the imperialist and reactionary warlords killed Wang Shengfa and Si Wende, the leaders of Zhengzhou branch, and hung the heads of the two martyrs on the poles of "Changchun bridge" (the address of today's 27 memorial tower). But the heroic railway workers were not frightened. They continued to fight. The great struggle of the "February 7th strike" dealt a heavy blow to imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism, showed the fearless revolutionary spirit of the Chinese working class, and wrote a glorious page in the history of the Chinese workers' movement.

In order to commemorate the great strike movement and the "February 7th" martyrs, inherit and carry forward the glorious revolutionary struggle tradition of the "February 7th", in 1951, the "February 7th" square was built near the former site of the "Changchun bridge". At that time, the square was a large garden nursery on the street. Among the trees, there was a 15 meter high wooden memorial tower with a big red five-star on it In the evening, a number of light bulbs hanging on the tower and several street lights around the tower were in full bloom, shining brightly all around. Many people came here for shopping and leisure. It was very busy, so people in Zhengzhou called wooden pagodas lighthouses at that time.

In addition, there is another saying: it is only a temporary building for the 1951 Zhengzhou urban-rural material exchange conference. The people thought it was the 27 memorial tower built by the government, so they called the generals up. It gives the wooden tower political meaning by Zhengzhou people's surprise, and inadvertently connects it with the famous strike of Beijing Han railway workers on February 7, 1923.

In the summer of 1971, after a storm, the 15 meter high 27 tower, which has been standing for 20 years, fell to the ground.

Historical changes

In 1971, when the National Day was officially opened to the outside world, tickets were given free. Within a few days, tickets were sold at five cents a day. At that time, the average number of visitors per day was 6000 or 7000, and the highest record was 12000. He used "crowded and immovable" to describe the unprecedented prosperous era of the Erqi tower.

The 27th tower is 63 meters high and has 14 floors (including the underground palace). The plane of the tower is two pentagons in parallel, so it is called double tower. At that time, on the 27th tower was not only the exhibition of the 27th strike; on the second floor was Xinhua Bookstore, on the third and fourth floors was the exhibition of the 27th strike, on the sixth floor was stationery, on the seventh floor was selling sugar, tobacco and wine, on the eighth floor was Posts and telecommunications, banks, and on the ninth floor was 16mm movies

On October 14, 1973, after visiting the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Premier Zhou Enlai accompanied Canadian Prime Minister Trudeau to Zhengzhou railway station at 8:30 pm. Wang Hui, then deputy commander of Zhengzhou police district and director of Zhengzhou Revolutionary Committee, welcomed Premier Zhou Enlai at the station.

In the 1970s, Zhengzhou was not as bright as it is today, though it was also full of street lights. The premier is speechless in his car, but occasionally he will turn his eyes to the window and take a look at the street view of Zhengzhou. Before that, the prime minister had been to Zhengzhou and was not completely unfamiliar with the city. When the bus passed Erqi square, the premier suddenly asked Wang Hui curiously, "what kind of building is this? Why didn't I see it when I came to Zhengzhou in the past?" Wang Hui replied, "it's the 27 memorial tower." The premier then asked, "when was it built?" "In 1971," Wang Hui said On the way, the premier didn't ask in detail, but when he arrived at the lobby of Zhongzhou Hotel, the premier suddenly stopped, thought about it, and then said to his entourage, "go to the Erqi tower and get to know the situation."

About half a month later, people's pictorial, one of the most authoritative media of that year, made the cover of "Zhengzhou Erqi memorial tower". This is the first time that the Erqi tower has appeared in China as a "political star" since its completion. It is said that Premier Zhou personally arranged this.

In the late 1970s, the Sino Soviet border situation was tense, Wang Hui led the Ministry to Inner Mongolia, and then left Zhengzhou.

Many years after leaving Zhengzhou, Wang Hui once bought a recorder when he came back from abroad. He sent the tape recorder to Wu Tianping, the first curator of the 27 tower, and told her to record the words of the old fellow railway workers who had taken part in the 27 strikes.

In November 1986, the February 7th memorial tower was announced as a provincial cultural relic protection unit.

In May 1990, the memorial tower was renamed "Zhengzhou February 7th revolution memorial hall".

After 1992, there was a famous commercial war around the Erqi tower. An "Asian sun" appeared in the southeast of the Erqi tower

Chinese PinYin : Zheng Zhou Er Qi Ji Nian Guan