Longtou Village

Langtou Village

synonym

Longtou Village (administrative village under Tanbu Town, Huadu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province) generally refers to Langtou Village (administrative village under Tanbu Town, Huadu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province)

Langtou village, formerly known as Longtou village, is an administrative village under the jurisdiction of Tanbu Town, Huadu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. It is a traditional Chinese village, close to Bajiang River in the Pearl River Basin of southern Guangdong Province, with an area of 6.25 square kilometers.

Langtou village was established in the 27th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1367). It is a typical comb layout of the traditional village of Guangfu. The village has preserved a complete water system. With the banyuetang in the front of the village as the core, it embodies the Fengshui layout concept and typical morphological characteristics of the traditional village houses of Guangfu. The village retains a complete architectural style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is rich in types and exquisite in workmanship, reflecting the authenticity and continuity of history. Its scale is the only one in the Pearl River Delta region

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On August 26, 2013, Langtou village was announced as the second batch of Chinese traditional villages by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, the Ministry of culture and the Ministry of finance

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Village history

During the Southern Song Dynasty, Huang Juzheng and his wife Mi moved to Zhuji Lane in Nanxiong. Later, Huang Juzheng's descendants moved from Zhuji lane to Lingnan.

Huang Shiming, the seventh ancestor of the Huang family, was originally located at the edge of Shuiyun in Tanbu. In 1367, Huang Shiming moved from shuiyunbian to Langtou village to settle down. After generations, the scale of the village became larger and larger.

Langtou village belonged to Nanhai County in song, yuan and Ming Dynasties.

In the 25th year of Kangxi reign of Qing Dynasty (1686), some areas of Panyu and Nanhai counties were set up as Huaxian county (now Huadu District of Guangzhou City). Langtou belonged to Shuixi Department of Huaxian County of Guangzhou.

During the period of the Republic of China, Huaxian was directly under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it once belonged to Foshan special area.

In 1960, it was put under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou city.

In 1993, the state approved the establishment of a city from a county, named "Huadu", entrusted by the Guangdong provincial government to Guangzhou.

In 2000, with the approval of the state, Langtou village was changed into Huadu District of Guangzhou city. It was under the jurisdiction of Tanbu town of Huadu District.

geographical environment

Location context

Langtou village is located in Tanbu Town, Huadu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. It is close to the Bajiang River in the Pearl River Basin of southern Guangdong Province, and adjacent to Sanshui District and Nanhai District of Foshan City in the southwest. The village area is about 625.13 hectares. The core protection area is about 17.45 hectares, ranging from the south of Langtou Xinyong, to the north of Liwei and Xiangwei of Jiuwu District, to the west of gouweitang, and to the east of "dongsanxiang of JiuWu district - longdongchangtang Dongji". The construction control zone extends to the south base of laohugangyong in the south, the first line of "Longxi Zhongxin South Street Longxi Zhongxin South Lane xuantanmiaoqian Street Longdong New District Beier Street" in the north, the first line of "baizitang Xiji huangniputang Xiji haitiantang road" in the West and the tourist road in the East, covering an area of 29.05 hectares.

Hydrology

Langtou village is close to the Ba River, with many branches, lakes and ponds, which has the environmental characteristics of the traditional water town in the Pearl River Delta.

Bajiang River mainly flows through Chini town and Tanbu town in Huadu District. Its upper reaches meet Lepai River in Qingyuan and Jiuqu River in Foshan. Its middle reaches meet Tianma River and Xinjie River in Huadu District, and then meet Liuxi River in Yagang. Finally, it flows into Pearl River through Shimen. With a total length of nearly 30 kilometers, Bajiang river is the upstream water source of Guangzhou city.

Climate conditions

Langtou village is located in the subtropical zone, belonging to the subtropical marine monsoon climate, with warm climate and abundant rainfall all year round.

Village characteristics

Site selection concept

Huang Shiming, the seventh ancestor of the Huang family, moved to Longtou in the middle of the Yuan Dynasty. The reason for the location is that there is a wetland in the South (later developed into a fish pond) and hills in the north, which is suitable for building a village.

According to legend, Huang Shiming is familiar with a geomantic geographer. The other side once instructed Huang Shiming to acquire the land in the west of Longtou, and said that there is a fertile land in the South and a mound in the north. The word "Lang" and "Tu" is called "long", and the word "Xi" is used to leave the word "tou". The HOS is built near the water of Gangtou, which means "eating soup for the first time", and the village can be called "Longtou village".

spatial distribution

Banyuetang in Langtou village is a typical morphological feature of traditional village dwellings. The village water system with banyuetang as the core is well preserved, which embodies the geomantic layout concept of traditional village dwellings in central Guangdong.

The residential blocks in Langtou village adopt a "comb" layout, which is composed of vertical blocks. Taking the village water system as the organizational framework, the ecological settlement space of Langtou village is formed.

Vertical use of North High South low, close to the hillock water terrain, reasonable land use, livable and arable. The northern mound here is used as a residential area, and there is room for expansion to the north, so there is no need to occupy the surrounding flat cultivated land. It is divided into three communities, namely, the west, the middle and the East. It is not only conducive to the management of the separated families, but also closely linked, which is conducive to the unity and exchange of the families.

There are more than 20 roadways in the longitudinal direction, which are arranged in comb style, which is conducive to the traffic in the village, and there are East and west main roads in the transverse direction, which is conducive to the cultivation and foreign exchange. In addition, the vertical height is higher in the north and lower in the south, which is conducive to the drainage and air circulation of HOS in summer.

Facing the water, the village has a ground hall. The front row of Huang's ancestral hall is roughly in the middle. The East and the West are lined up with ancestral halls, academies and study rooms. The back is the house, which contains the Confucian tradition of worshiping ancestors and valuing education. At the same time, it is also conducive for the northern residential people to reach the village through the roadway to participate in ancestor worship, school and other activities.

The layout of the whole village takes the alley as the central axis, and the residential houses are on both sides of the alley. The houses are connected by gatehouses, which can play the role of anti-theft, and the ancestral temple is the spiritual core of the whole village.

Wisdom of building a village

The settlement defense system of Langtou village is complete and representative. The closed laneway, the introverted architectural form and the complete defense water system all represent the defense characteristics of the traditional villages in central Guangdong.

Economic society

population

According to the official website of the February 2020 Digital Museum of China traditional villages, the number of registered residence in Langtou village is 3030, and the resident population is 2500. All of them are Huang's family.

Economics

According to the official website of the Digital Museum of traditional Chinese villages in February 2020, the main industry of Langtou village is agriculture, mainly raising ducks and fish. The annual income of the village collective is 85000 yuan, and the average annual income of the villagers is 9899 yuan.

Main attractions

overview

The ancient buildings in Langtou village cover an area of more than 60000 square meters, all of which face south. The layout is regular, the arrangement is neat, the scale is grand, and the preservation is good. There are 388 green brick buildings in the village, including 34 ancestral halls, study rooms and academies, and 5 turrets and gatehouses. Most of the village buildings were built in the Qing Dynasty, and some in the Ming Dynasty. Generally, they are three rooms and three entrances or three rooms and two entrances. The volcanic walls are sealed with herringbone or wok ears. The Bonu ridge or dragon boat ridge is made of gray plastic. The stone carving, brick carving, wood carving and gray plastic are better. Among them, Youlan temple and Guyi library are the most popular.

Ancient ancestral hall

Xiangxian oak slope Temple: located in Longxi community, Langtou village. It was rebuilt in 1875. North facing south, two in three rooms. The total width is 12.5 meters, the total depth is 24.3 meters, and the building covers an area of 317 square meters. Renzi seal volcanic wall, Lu gray tube tile, green brick wall, red clay terrace brick paving. It is a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province.

Liugeng Temple: located in Longdong community, Langtou village. It was rebuilt in the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799) and again in the eighth year of tongzhi (1869). Facing south, the main building is two deep, and the left road building is lining temple, with a total width of 14.6 meters and a total depth of 18.2 meters. The building covers an area of 276 square meters. Woerfeng volcanic wall, grey plastic Bogu ridge, luhuitongwa, green brick wall, red clay terrace brick paving. It is a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province.

Youlan Temple: located in Longxi community, Langtou village. It was rebuilt in 1801 and 1927. Facing south, it has three rooms and three entrances, with a total width of 12.2 meters and a total depth of 39.4 meters. The building covers an area of 502 square meters. Renzifeng volcanic wall, grey plastic Bogu ridge, luhuitongwa, green brick wall, granite stone foot, red clay terrace brick paving. In front of the gate, there is a half moon shaped pond. Beside the pond, there are two strong longan trees with two pairs of flagpoles under them. They are Huang Zhanying, the fifth vice-president of the Xinhai Enke examination in the first year of Xianfeng (1851), and Huang tinghuai, the first Gongsheng in the Guichou Enke examination in the third year of Xianfeng (1853). It is a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province.

Yixiang Temple: located in Longxi community, Langtou village. It was built in 1857 and rebuilt in 2005. North facing south, two in three rooms. The total width is 11.6 meters, the total depth is 20.8 meters, and the building covers an area of 253 square meters. Woerfeng volcanic wall, grey plastic Bogu ridge, Luhui tube tile, green brick wall, granite stone foot, red clay terrace brick paving. It is a cultural relic protection unit of Huadu district level.

Yuyin Temple: located in Longdong community, Langtou village. It was rebuilt in 1888 and rebuilt in 1984. Facing south, three rooms and three entrances. The total surface width is 13.4m and the total depth is 46.5m

Chinese PinYin : Lang Tou Cun