Rolling bell mouth

The rolling bell mouth of Helan Mountain is also called "small mouth". It is located in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain, 35 kilometers northwest of Yinchuan city. The mouth is surrounded by mountains on three sides and opens to the East. There is a small isolated peak in the middle, named Zhongling mountain. This small peak is located in the middle of the valley surrounded by mountains on three sides, just like the hammer of a big bell, so it is called gunzhong mouth.

Rolling bell mouth

Gunzhongkou, one of the scenic spots of Helan Mountain in ancient times, is an important scenic spot of Xixia Mausoleum scenic spot, which has a group of granite wind erosion landscape. There are also buildings integrating Islam, Buddhism and Taoism, reflecting the harmonious atmosphere of local religious factions. It was jointly rated as "China's most ethnic tourism destination" by the United Nations Association for the promotion of human settlements development and other organizations. The historical allusions, legends and the mysteries of large-scale architectural sites of gunzhongkou add a mysterious color to it. It was jointly rated as "China's most ethnic tourism destination" by the United Nations Association for the promotion of human settlements development and other organizations.

geographical position

Gunzhongkou, located at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain, 35 kilometers northwest of Yinchuan City, is one of the most famous scenic spots of Helan Mountain in ancient times. Now it is the most famous summer resort in Ningxia. Roll bell mouth, commonly known as "small mouth.". The pass is surrounded by mountains on three sides and opens to the East, like a big bell. There is a hill in the center of the scenic spot, which is also like a bell hammer hanging inside the clock. It is called "Zhongling mountain" and "gunzhongkou" is named after it.

Traffic information

In Yinchuan City, there is a direct tourist line to the scenic spot. The "you Er Road" bus from crescent square in the city will pass through gunzhongkou and Suyukou Forest Park, and finally arrive at Helan Mountain rock painting. It leaves at 8:00 and 9:00 every morning. The ticket price is about 15 yuan.

terrain

Gunzhongkou has undulating mountains, steep rocks, verdant trees and lofty beauty. In Xixia, it was the famous ancient resort of Xixia.

Architecture

Li Yuanhao once built a large-scale Summer Palace in the north of the gully. At present, there are scattered fragments of bricks, tiles and utensils on more than 20 architectural sites. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were also large-scale construction projects, including temples and pavilions, and 14 temples, such as Helan temple, laojuntang, Dabei Pavilion, Doumu palace, xiaodongtian, Guandi temple, Xinglong temple, Wancui Pavilion, Guanyin temple, etc. these buildings are close to the mountains and are in a natural and orderly arrangement. On top of the three peaks in the mountain, there are also three white Lama style pagodas with beautiful shape and small size. Helan temple, which was built in 1892, is located in the middle of the mountain. It is divided into three levels: upper, middle and lower. The three temples are connected into one. On both sides of the main hall are painted panoramic pictures of the rolling bell mouth and the Helan temple. The hall is magnificent with carved beams and painted buildings.

History Introduction

According to historical records, during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, in June of each year, most of the faithful men and women from villages and fortresses in cities and towns came to Xiangshan temple and rode in an endless stream, which was called "Chaoshan" and also used to visit the summer. In the "mosque" on the south side of the mountain, there is the "Gongbei" Tomb of elder macrentin bin Osman in Yemen. He came to China at the end of the 16th century and preached in Yinchuan and other places for more than 30 years. Every traditional festival of the Hui people, Muslims from far and near come to chant scriptures and worship to commemorate. Xiaogunzhongkou has become a famous scenic spot after repair and construction in past dynasties. Spring and summer, small rolling bell mouth full of Valley fir, a lush green. When you come to the entrance of the scenic spot, you will first see a few vigorous and verdant ancient locust trees and vigorous evergreen pines and cypresses. When you enter the scenic area and stroll along the mountain road, you can only see locust trees, emerald cypresses, and poplar trees all over the valley. The green shade covers the gully slope, and it is lush. The mountain fruit trees on the slope between the ditches are covered with red mountain fruit and red sour jujube. A spring trickles in the mountain stream. In the mountains, green trees and red flowers vie to reflect each other. Looking at the mountains in the south, there are three steep peaks in the shape of a penholder, which is called "penholder mountain". At the foot of the mountain, some people took good stones as inkstones, so it is also called "inkstone Bijia mountain". If you climb up the stairs and climb the "sea watching Pavilion" near the mountain, you can look to the West with four high views, but you can see the ups and downs of the mountains and the waves; if you look to the East, you can see the thousands of miles of plain land, like a calm ocean with wind and waves, where heaven and earth alternate, and the clouds and smoke blend into one. Here you can also enjoy such natural landscapes as "sunrise penholder", "Moonlight farewell bell", "Shizhang through white clouds". For example, when the sun shines in the morning and evening, you can enjoy the scene of "Helan Buddha light", which can compete with "Emei Baoguang". In the summer of June, on the top of qingyangliu mountain at the end of the West Ditch of the scenic spot, the blue sky is clear and the snow covers the top. This is the "Helan clear snow" which is the first of the eight scenic spots in ancient Ningxia. In the northern part of the scenic area, there are many temple sites in a wide and narrow, winding deep ditch, so it is called "dasigou". In the ditch, there are green trees, clear springs and many strange stones. The strange stones such as "lion roaring", "Crouching Tiger", "stubborn monkey", "fairy pointing the way" and "Qingyang jumping in the stream" have different expressions, which are amazing. Down the gully, there is a huge stone standing between the gullies, engraved with the words "xishuangting". Here, with open mountains, spring water and green grass, it is the most comfortable and quiet place to rest. ??

Kunzhongkou has beautiful mountains, trees and water. As Wang Xun, a poet of the Ming Dynasty, praised in his poem:?

Helan looks up to the sky in the west, and the sky is more powerful. ?

The cloud between the rocks is green, and the peak is cold and white. ?

The clear and gorgeous jade is white, and the beautiful color is red in the evening.

It's the first time for us to win the victory.

legend

Witness of the winner -- Bijiashan

In 1041 ad, Li Yuanhao led the attack on Weizhou (now Pingliang City, Gansu Province), and met the main force of the song army in Zhangjiabao. Li Yuanhao knew that song general Ren Fu was eager to win, so he set up a plan to lead the snake out of the hole: first, he sent a small group of troops to attack, and when Ren Fu's big military strategy resisted, he abandoned his horses, camels and supplies, pretended to be defeated, and lured the enemy to catch up. Ren Fu didn't know what the plan was, so he led his troops to pursue haoshuichuan at the foot of Liupan Mountain. Haoshuichuan is located 15 miles north of Longde County in Ningxia. It is surrounded by valleys on both sides. There is only one path that can pass through. It is the place where military troops are stationed. At this time, Yuan Hao led 100000 elite soldiers to ambush at the mouth of haoshuichuan, and had hundreds of pigeons packed in some mud boxes on both sides of the road. After entering haoshuichuankou, Song Jun found many closed mud boxes on the road. When he patted them with his hand, there was a strange sound inside. He was very puzzled. Then he curiously opened the box, and the sentinel pigeons flew up to the top of the valley, hovering over Song Jun. The well prepared Xia army saw the pigeons flying and ambush everywhere. According to the position of the pigeons circling in the sky, they surrounded the song army from all sides and attacked them back and forth. After three days and three nights of rapid march, the song army was already exhausted. It was even more at a loss when it was attacked. It had no power to fight back in front of the well prepared Xixia cavalry. From the morning to the evening, the song army was outnumbered, with heavy casualties. Fifteen generals including Ren Fu and more than 10000 soldiers were killed, and countless of them were injured and scattered. After the news of the defeat spread to the Song court, song Renzong and Manchu Minister of culture and military were frightened and looked at each other. No one could think of a way to deal with Xixia. Han Qi and Fan Zhongyan were demoted and demoted because of the defeat of haoshuichuan, so Fan Zhongyan left behind the eternal quatrains of "first worry about the world, then happiness of the world".

Summer Palace, the place where the palace massacre happened

After several wars with Song Dynasty and Liao Dynasty at the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Xixia, with millions of soldiers and territory of "ten thousand li country", has become a military power in Northwest China, forming a situation of tripartite confrontation. The frontier war ended, and the world was at peace. Yuan Hao, who used to be a brilliant man, began to revel in his military achievements. He ignored the government all day and was intoxicated with beauty. First, he had an affair with his younger sister, Pang's sister, and had a son, Liang Zuo. Later, he chose a concubine for his son Ning Lingge, and was sentimentally attached to his future daughter-in-law. He did not move her family's beauty, but captured her son's love, took it for himself, and became the "new Queen". Bucange Pang instigates Ning Lingge to assassinate Yuan Hao and carry out a palace coup to get rid of his mother and take his wife.

On the 15th day of the first month of 1048, during the Lantern Festival, Ning Lingge sneaked into the palace of Helan Mountain, got drunk and sneaked into Yuanhao's bedroom with a steel knife. Unexpectedly, he and Yuan Hao suddenly collide, in a panic cut off, cut off Yuan Hao's nose. Ning Lingge ran away in a hurry and hid in Wu Zang e Pang's house. Wu Zang's evil pet executed Ning Lingge and his mother Ye Lishi together for the crime of regicide. The next day, Yuan Hao died of excessive bleeding. On his deathbed, Yuan Hao ordered his younger brother Wei Ge Ning Ling to succeed to the throne. But at this time, Wu Zang e Chong had already controlled the overall situation of the court. The courtiers were frightened by his power, so they had to take Liang Zuo, a baby under one year old, to the throne of the emperor. He was the second emperor after the founding of the Western Xia Dynasty. His biological mother did not respect Tsang as empress dowager, and mistakenly claimed that Pang was in charge of state affairs. Since then, all military and state affairs of the Western Xia Dynasty have been left to him for 14 years.

Although this magnificent palace has long been burned in the flames of war, many large square bricks and glazed tiles scattered in the ruins can still imagine the prosperity of the past.

Princess stage, the watchland of Xixia Princess

On the qingyangliushan mountain at gunzhongkou, there is a multi-storey artificial masonry platform, which is called "Princess platform". According to folklore, it is a blessed place for the burial of a Xixia princess.

It is said that xiangzong'an, the seventh emperor of the Western Xia Dynasty, had a beautiful princess, who was regarded as the apple of his eye and loved him. 1209, Mongolia

Chinese PinYin : Gun Zhong Kou