Qianzhou ancient city

The ancient city of Qianzhou in Jishou, with a history of 4200 years, is located on the Bank of Wanrong River in Jishou City, the capital of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan Province.

The ancient city of Qianzhou is picturesque. It is surrounded by mountains and green hills. In the middle of the ten mile basin, the Wanrong river passes through the city. The riverside is green with willows and the fields are luxuriant with grass. The crisscross green stone streets and alleys in the ancient city, the ancient dwellings, the unique dwellings in the south of the Yangtze River - hujiatang and Jiufu hall, the sacred Confucian temple, the wonderful eight sceneries of Qianzhou, the ingenious spring culture of Qianzhou, the smart Guanyin Pavilion, the ancient relics of the great wall of the south, and other places of interest, natural scenery and folk culture, as well as the ancient poems and poems left by the ancient and modern cultural poets The manuscripts, calligraphy and painting make Qianzhou's ancient charm still exist, which makes people daydream.

It is worth mentioning that the ancient city of Qianzhou is also the Grand View Garden of intangible cultural heritage in Western Hunan. In the ancient city's workshops, you can see the intangible cultural heritage performances on the open-air stage, which is definitely worthy of your visit.

Qianzhou ancient city

Qianzhou ancient city of Jishou, with a history of more than 4200 years, is located on the Bank of Wanrong River in Jishou City, the capital of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan Province. With convenient transportation, national highway 209 and zhiliu railway run through the north and south, it is a traditional material distribution center in the border areas of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou provinces.

After the opening of the scenic spot to December 31, 2022, it will be free of charge to the national medical staff supporting Hubei.

Development history

The ancient city of Qianzhou has a long history, with a history of more than 4200 years. During the Xia and Shang Dynasties, there were Aboriginal ancestors living here. Later came the Ji people, then came the Yao people, and then came the Miao people. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was an important commercial port, and the post stations and post roads from south to North met here. The water transportation was developed, and it was a place with relatively developed economy at that time. The Ming and Qing Dynasties gradually became the political, economic, military and cultural center of Miao border area. It has always been the first of the four ancient towns in Western Hunan (Qianzhou, Pushi, Liye and Chadong).

Qianzhou is a ten mile basin surrounded by mountains. It is covered with pines, cypresses and trees. Its mountains are like nine turtles looking for their mother. There are Wanrong River and Tianxing river around the island, forming a three land hengchen, like the qiangua, which is called Qianzhou. As early as in Shen Congwen's book Xiangxi, the ancient city of Qianzhou is described as follows: "although Qianzhou is not a big place, the small stone city is neat and clean, and there are people with names in the history of nearly 30 years..." He said that the ancient city of Qianzhou is an ancient mysterious and prosperous place.

The ancient city of Qianzhou is a place of outstanding people. In this ancient and mysterious land, Wu He, an intellectual of Miao nationality, devoted himself to education in his hometown in Zhengde period of Ming Dynasty, Wu August, leader of Miao uprising in Qianjia period of Qing Dynasty, Yang yuebin, governor of Shaanxi and Gansu Province, who recruited troops to Fujian and Taiwan to resist France in Guangxu period, Luo Rongguang, general soldier of Tianjin, who led the troops to fight against the Allied forces of eight countries, defend Dagukou and died in his duty, and Luo Rongguang, general soldier of Tianjin, who led the troops to fight against the Allied forces of eight countries and defend Dagukou in the Republic of China During this period, a number of national talents emerged, including general Fu Liangzuo, Shi Qigui, a Miao scholar who was enthusiastic about Miao education and devoted himself to Miao issues, and Zhang YIZUN, one of the four outstanding painters in contemporary China.

Human history

Main attractions

Hujiatang

Hujiatang, which existed in Tang and Song Dynasties, is composed of big Tang and small Tang, covering an area of 2800 square meters. There is an ancient well in Xiaotang, called Anlan well. The well is immeasurable. It is said that it is connected with the Wanrong River and is the source of water for the lotus pond. This well not only solved the problem of drinking water for local people, but also made a lot of contributions to the protection of Qianzhou state. In 1925, Xiong Kewu, commander of the Sichuan army, led 100000 troops to besiege the ancient city of Qianzhou. At that time, there were less than 500 guards and residents in the ancient city of Qianzhou. However, they shared a common hatred and threw bricks, stones and rolling wood, causing countless casualties. Later, the Sichuan army dug tunnels and bombed the city walls with coffins filled with gunpowder, but they could not break the city and finally lost. Since this month, the garrison and the people in the ancient city have all relied on this well for their livelihood. To commemorate the battle, Yang Weishu, a famous Jinshi calligrapher and painter in Qianzhou, specially inscribed on the edge of the well. The curved stone arch bridge between the two ponds is called Qingfeng bridge. From the bridge, on the right hand side is the land hall, which worships the land lord. There are many Tujia people in the area, so five to seven families will worship a land hall together. The wooden building next to it is called jilanlou. It was built in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. It was one of the few hundred year old buildings in the historical and cultural blocks of the ancient city at that time. Zhuang Licheng, the father of the landlord Zhuang Zhongxi, was a supervisor in the early stage. He was a proofreader of Qianzhou hall records. Besides teaching, I like to plant orchids. Because I love the quiet elegance of orchids, I once titled the study "yilanxuan". In order to inherit his father AI Lan's idea, he named this building "Ji LAN Lou". As hujiatang is close to the Confucian temple on the left and open to the three gates, it is a place to attract wealth and treasure. There are also many talents: Wu Ju Ren (Gao Xunyi, Gao Fuqing), Wen Xian Cheng (Gao fuzhang), Army Deputy General (general Fu Liangzuo), army major general (Gao kunlu), Jinshi calligrapher Yang Weishu, and famous philosopher (Zhou Liquan).

Three doors open

Qianzhou's unique "three gates open" the South Gate of Qianzhou's Qingshi ancient city is a moon city, which stands on the Bank of Wanrong river. It is not only of great ornamental value, but also becomes a masterpiece in the architectural history of ancient cities in China because of its three gates open. Throughout China's moon city, there are two towers and two gates directly opposite each other. Only the moon city in Qianzhou ancient city has three towers with three gates, one main tower in the middle and one ear tower on both sides. The layout is in the shape of "pin". The height of the main tower and the ear tower is staggered, and the spacing is perfect. This is the famous "three gates" in Qianzhou for hundreds of years. The unique design of "three doors open" is a perfect combination of the needs of residents' life, trade and transportation, military defense and specific terrain. In addition, it has a very proper layout, a very spectacular shape, exquisite materials, exquisite workmanship, and a very solid building. It is worthy of being an art treasure in ancient Chinese architecture. The ancient city of Qianzhou is in the shape of a long comb. The city wall with the long side of the comb is built along the Wanrong river. Outside the city is a river street stretching for several miles. On the side of the River Street near the Wanrong River, there are rows of stilts on the Qingyan wall of the river bank. On the inside of the river street is the city wall. "Sanmenkai" is located in the middle of the south city wall. In ancient times, the ancestors who moved to Qianzhou for living first settled down on the Bank of the Wanrong river. A few years later, a river street was formed. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Hejie has gradually developed into the earliest and most prosperous market in Qianzhou. There are many shops and workshops along the street, such as nanza department store, textile and sewing, lacquer and wax printing and dyeing, leather processing, house building and repair, forging iron and silver, wooden furniture, paper plaques, cultural goods, grains and vegetables, catering snacks, inn sedan shop, wizard divination, labor market In short, people have everything they need in life.

Clingnancourt

The north gate is also called Gongji gate. It was built in the second year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty and was the place where the imperial court recruited troops. The gate is 22 meters high and 40.2 meters wide. The whole building is majestic, solid and magnificent. It is praised by a poem: "the four corners of the stone are square, and the glutinous rice and lime are weighed by scales. The overlap line is well sewed, and the Qianzhou city will be built forever. There are two gates in the ancient city, the east gate is called Yingen gate, the south gate is called Tongji gate, and outside the south gate is a moon city (also called Er City). There are two gates in the East and the west, which are integrated with the south gate, forming a "pin" shape. The common people call it "sanmenkai".

Qianzhou Confucian Temple

Qianzhou Confucian temple was built in the seventh year of Yongzheng reign of Qing Dynasty. The main buildings are Minglun hall, Wenchang palace, Dacheng hall, Dacheng gate, Zhuangyuan bridge, Lingxing gate, Chongsheng Ci, etc., covering an area of 4887 square meters. There is an 18 meter long shadow wall near the street of the Confucian temple. The middle of the shadow wall is a diamond shaped four petaled window made of tiles. You can see the inside of the shadow wall from the street. There are two doors on both sides of the window. On the left door, the inscription "Debei Tiandi" means the hall, school and academy. On the right door, the inscription "Daoguan ancient and modern" indicates that this place is dedicated to Confucius. Those who enter from the left and those who worship Confucius from the right. Confucian temples were built according to the layout of left temple and right school, but because of the narrow terrain, some of them were built according to local conditions. It was built in the front part. When you enter the gate, the first thing you can see is the four pillar stone square made of red sand shale, with lotus bud as the top and three big characters "lingxingmen" engraved horizontally, which means "to be a scholar" and "to be a virtuous person". Across the stone gate, there is a half round pool, about 1 Zhang 2 feet deep, clear water, called moon pool. There is a stone arch bridge on the moon pool, commonly known as the moon palace bridge, also known as the number one scholar bridge. Those who are successful in their studies will come to step on the bridge and worship the Confucius to show their gratitude and pray for a bright future. Or the students will be able to become famous by stepping on the bridge and paying homage to Confucius before the exam, ranking first in high school. There are also two tall osmanthus trees on both sides of the bridge, which means to go to the moon. Behind the pool bridge, there are a row of buildings with a layer of green tile, brick and wood structure, with a middle gate. It used to be the place where the tablets of Qianzhou's past chief executives were worshipped, which was called "Minghuan Temple". On the right side, the tablets of local celebrities were worshipped, which was called "Xiangxian Temple", such as Yang yuebin, Luo Rongguang, Yang Weishu and so on. At the end of the 1930s, I invaded China, the Northeast was occupied, a large number of refugees flowed into Xiangxi, and the Eighth National Middle School moved to Qianzhou. At first, it was a branch school of women's Department, where former premier Zhu Rongji's wife Lao an once went to school. The European style windows of this room were changed at that time. The words "hard work" on the wall were the school motto of national No.8 Middle School. In order to preserve this period of history, the Confucian temple was still maintained as it was. Through the middle gate, on the left and right sides are the East and West veranda, which used to be the memorial tablets for Confucius' 72 disciples. Later, it was used as the classroom of No.8 Middle School. Right ahead

Chinese PinYin : Qian Zhou Gu Cheng