Former site of dujun Mansion

Former site of Shanxi dujun Mansion

synonym

The former site of dujunfu generally refers to the former site of Shanxi dujunfu

The former site of Shanxi dujunfu is located at 101 Fudong street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province,

According to historical records, the former site was the Chonger Temple of Wengong in Jin Dynasty. It was once the mansion of commander pan Mei in the early Northern Song Dynasty, and the Yamen of Shanxi governors of all dynasties were set up here. In the fifth year of the Republic of China (1916), the military officers of all provinces were renamed the governor, and Yan Xishan served as the governor, so he was called the governor's office.

The former site of Shanxi dujun mansion covers an area of 35110 square meters. It is mainly composed of gatehouse, front yard building, Yuanyi hall, xiaozizheng hall, Meishan and yutangchun. It is one of the relatively complete former sites of Shanxi dujun mansion preserved in China. There are five stone tablets and one stone tablet in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.

On October 16, 2019, the former site of Shanxi dujun mansion was announced by the State Council of the people's Republic of China as the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Historical evolution

According to the records of Yangqu county annals in the 23rd year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1843), the former site of Shanxi dujun mansion was the Chonger Temple of Wengong in the Jin Dynasty. It was once the mansion of commander pan Mei in the early Northern Song Dynasty, Zhongshu Province in the Yuan Dynasty, and Fuyuan in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

On October 29th, 1911, the Shanxi Branch of the alliance planned an armed uprising and declared independence. Yan Xishan and Wen Shouquan were elected as the commander-in-chief and vice commander-in-chief respectively. The Shanxi military government was established here.

In July of 1916, President Li Yuanhong changed the military officers of all provinces to the governor, and Yan Xishan took the post of governor, which was called "the governor's office".

After his political position was consolidated, Yan Xishan began to rebuild and expand the governor's Yamen in Ming and Qing Dynasties. A new auditorium (then called "introspection hall" and has been renamed Meishan conference hall) was built, followed by a new "Jinshan bell tower" (now Meishan bell tower). After the hall and the second hall, a two-story wooden building with 10 rooms in width and 2 rooms in depth was built, and the East Garden was partially reconstructed and expanded.

In 1929, the hall of the former Qing Dynasty was demolished and the office building of the governor's mansion was built, and large-scale renovation and expansion of the governor's mansion were planned.

In August 1931, Yan Xishan returned to his hometown by the Wutai river. The construction and expansion of the former governor's office has stalled.

In 1932, Yan Xishan came back as the director of the appeasement office. He rebuilt the hall of the governor of Ming and Qing Dynasties as the general office on the second floor of the governor's mansion, which was called the first floor at that time. The original gate of the governor's mansion was rebuilt into a two-story gate tower. The corridors from the East and west sides of the gate tower to the lobby were rebuilt into two groups of symmetrical corridors. The hall and the second hall behind the original lobby were rebuilt into two two two-story buildings, called the second floor and the third floor.

On April 24, 1949, after the liberation of Taiyuan, Xu Qianxiang and other leading officials set up their offices in building 2 and building 3 of the governor's mansion; in September, the people's Government of Shanxi Province was established, and the leading officials of the provincial Party committee and the provincial government worked in building 2. Since then, the provincial people's government has been located in the former site of the governor's office.

In 1950, a new office building of the provincial Party committee was built in the eastern courtyard of the governor's office.

In 1952, Shanxi provincial Party committee moved from building 4 to a new building.

In 1985, the No.1 building of dujunfu was transformed into a VIP reception hall.

In 1986, the No.1 building of dujunfu was completed, and Bo Yibo personally inscribed it as "Yuanyi hall".

In 1990, No. 4 Building of the governor's mansion was completely demolished, and a garden was built between No. 3 building and No. 5 building.

In 1998, the backyard of No.5 building of dujunfu was renovated.

In 1999, the governor's office, the provincial government executive meeting room, and the fifth building were built in the new building.

On September 1, 2017, Shanxi provincial government removed its name from the former site of dujun mansion.

Architectural pattern

The former site of Shanxi governor's mansion faces south, covering an area of 35110 square meters. The plane is rectangular. The central axis building is composed of gatehouse, front yard building, Yuanyi hall, xiaozizheng hall, Meishan and yutangchun.

Main buildings

Little introspection Hall

The small self-examination hall, also known as the auditorium and Meishan conference hall, is located in the north of the backyard of the former site of the governor's mansion. It was built in 1918. The word "self-examination hall" was inscribed by Kang Youwei. The architectural style of the small self-examination hall is western structure and Chinese decoration. It is a modern building integrating Chinese and Western architectural characteristics. The building is built on the stone foundation, with 9 rooms in width and 8 rooms in depth. The plane is arranged in "I" shape. The front and rear eaves of 7 rooms are two-story eaves Gallery, and the side is equipped with western style leaning door and pointed arch window. There are symmetrical narrow windows under the two gables. The roof is of the traditional rolling shed Xieshan style, with a single-layer quadrangle building and glazed tile roof. The hall is surrounded by a two-story wooden gallery with a wide space.

a gatehouse

The gate tower is located in the south of the former site of Shanxi governor's mansion. The gate tower was rebuilt on the basis of the former governor's Yamen in the period of the Republic of China. The building faces south and covers an area of 170 square meters. It is a two-story wooden structure building. On the first level, there are 5 rooms wide and 2 rooms deep, surrounded by corridors, with a row of plate doors in the column, and three steps and double cocks on the column head. On the second level, there are 3 rooms wide and 2 rooms deep, surrounded by corridors, wood carving, playing head, sparrow and so on, and Qing style color painting on Liang Fang. Single eaves Xieshan roof, covered with yellow green glazed tiles.

Yuanyi Hall

Yuanyi hall is located in the north of the front courtyard of the governor's mansion. It was originally the hall of the governor's Yamen in the Qing Dynasty. During the period of the Republic of China, the governor's mansion was rebuilt into a brick and wood mixed structure building. Stone platform, the main building plane "concave" shape, set up in front of the volume shed type Baoxia three. The exterior of the main building is a two-story building with a hall in the middle, two-story buildings with load-bearing brick walls on both sides and a roof composed of large wood structure on the top. The front of the hall is made of stone, which is composed of semi-circular pilasters and circular arches. Sun Yat Sen's stone plaque of "the world is for the public" is engraved on the top of the middle gate. In front of the gate is a three room rolling shed Xieshan style mansion with dragon shaped carvings around the eaves, five step capitals and green glazed tiles. In the back eaves, there are three arched doors and windows with stone frames. There is a virtual corridor on the second floor.

gate

The gate was rebuilt on the basis of the Qing governor's Yamen in the period of the Republic of China. There were two small gates on both sides of the gate. After entering the gate, there are two gates, with two side gates, which are the entrance and exit of general officials, and divide the gate to the lobby into two courtyards. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the small gate, the second gate and the temporary gate were demolished to form the first entrance compound.

Gallery

The gallery is located on the East and west sides behind the gate. It was originally a bungalow and was built as a two-story Gallery in the Republic of China. There are 4 galleries in total, symmetrically arranged, brick and stone arch structure, all of which have two floors. The plan of the East and West buildings in the south is irregular "I" shape, with 9 rooms in width. The inside is a securities structure with flat top. There are flying eaves on each floor of the outer eaves, and short columns with hanging flowers are decorated under the eaves on the first floor. Cornice part of the hook eaves angle. The East and West buildings in the north are also symmetrically arranged, with 8 rooms each. The rolling shed has a hard Hill roof. The front eaves are composed of upper and lower porch columns, and the second floor is equipped with railings.

Into the mountain building

Jinshanlou is located in Meishan, the northwest corner of the former site of Shanxi dujun mansion. It was built in 1919. Jinshan building is a European Gothic building with brick and stone structure, 3-storey base and 5-storey building. In June 1920, Yan Xishan held a meeting in jinshanlou and founded jinshanlou school.

East Garden

East Garden, located in the east of Yuanyi hall, is the inner garden of governor's Yamen in Qing Dynasty, which is specially used for the rest and sightseeing of high-ranking officials. During the period of the Republic of China, Yan Xishan was converted into his private residence.

Inner North Hall

The inner North Hall is located in the north of the east garden. Tongdong garden is a courtyard where Yan Xishan held a secret meeting. Ordinary people can't go in and out at will.

Yutangchun

Yutangchun is located in the northeast of the east garden. At present, only the main hall and the second hall are left. They are connected by porches and are in the shape of "I". The hall has 5 rooms in width and 3 rooms in depth. It hangs on the top of the mountain and is decorated with cloth tiles. From the perspective of structure and architectural techniques, it is a relic of the Ming Dynasty.

Cultural relics

There are two stone lions in front of the gate tower of Shanxi governor's mansion; there is a stone tablet on the east side of Meishan courtyard, which is 0.89m wide, 2.26m long and 0.23M thick, and the base is 1.05M wide, 0.58M thick and 0.33m high; there are five stone tablets and one stone tablet in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.

Value significance

As the office of Yan Xishan during his reign, the former site of Shanxi governor's mansion witnessed the historical changes of Shanxi in the past 100 years and has important historical value. The renovated dujun mansion further shows the historical and cultural information and the essence of traditional culture contained in the traditional heritage buildings.

protective measures

In August 1986, the people's Government of Shanxi Province announced that the governor's office was a provincial cultural relics protection unit.

In 1996, Yuanyi hall was transformed into an antique building by an expert in ancient architecture, Mr. Feng Dongqing.

In September 2018, the former site of Shanxi dujun mansion began to be repaired and protected.

On October 16, 2019, the former site of Shanxi dujun mansion was announced as the second site by the State Council of the people's Republic of China

Chinese PinYin : Du Jun1 Fu Jiu Zhi