bailuzhou academy

bailuzhou academy

Bailuzhou academy is located at the head of Bailuzhou in the middle of Ganjiang River in Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province. Zhijun Jiang Wanli of Jizhou in the Southern Song Dynasty was founded in the first year of Chunyou in the Southern Song Dynasty (1241 AD). It is as famous as Bailudong Academy in Lushan, Ehu Academy in Qianshan and Yuzhang Academy in Nanchang. It is collectively known as the four ancient academies in Jiangxi. Bailuzhou was named after Bailuzhou, so when the Academy was founded in Song Dynasty, it was also called "Bailuzhou academy" according to the name of Bailuzhou.

Jiangxi Academy of classical learning has spanned thousands of years and played an important role in Chinese history. Located in Ji'an City, Bailuzhou academy, founded by Jiang Wanli, is one of the four ancient academies in Jiangxi Province. After 600 years of rise and fall, it also had an influence for a time and occupied a place in the history of academies in Jiangxi Province. Now, at the original site of the Academy, it is Bailuzhou middle school, a key middle school in Jiangxi Province.

Historical evolution

Bailuzhou Academy was founded in the first year of Chunyou in the Southern Song Dynasty (1241 AD). It is one of the four famous academies in the south of the Yangtze River.

Bailuzhou Academy was founded in Song Dynasty and lasted until the end of Qing Dynasty. According to the records of Luling County, "Bailuzhou academy is located on Bailuzhou in the east of the county. In the first year of song Chunyou, Xin Chou knew that the army of Jizhou was built in Wanli. He wrote to Bailuzhou academy as a gift. In the courtyard, there are wenxuanwang temple, lingxingmen, yunzhangge, daoxintang, wanzhutang, fengyuelou, Yuyi Pavilion and zhaishe. " Later, the "Six Gentlemen Temple" was built to worship Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao, Zhou Dunyi, Zhang Zai, Shao Yong and Zhu Xi.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the 19th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1282 AD), the Academy was destroyed by floods, and Li Jue, the general manager of Ji'an Road, repaired it. In the 12th year of Zhizheng (1352 AD), the red scarf uprising army fought with Yuan soldiers in Ji'an, and most of the Academy was burned down. Two years later, the Academy was destroyed by floods. In the 15th year of Zhizheng reign, the old concept was restored. In the fifth year of Jiajing (1526 AD), Huang Zongming, the magistrate of Ji'an, rebuilt it again. In the year of Jiajing, the Academy was relocated from Bailuzhou and a new courtyard was built at Renshou temple in the south of the city.

In the sixth year of Longqing (1572 AD), the new Bailuzhou Academy in Renshou temple in the south of the city was changed to Luling county school, and the Academy was moved to the north suburb of the city. In the 20th year of Wanli (1592 AD), Wang keshou, the governor of Ji'an, moved the Academy back to Bailuzhou, built a new platform, opened a pond for egrets, built a bridge on the pond, and expanded the zhaishe Baiwen. The rest of the halls, pavilions, buildings and pavilions were rebuilt.

In the Qing Dynasty, the Academy was destroyed by floods and wars for many times, successively in the third year of Shunzhi (1646 AD), the twelfth year (1655 AD), the third year of Kangxi (1664 AD), the second year of Yongzheng (1724 AD), the 39th year of Qianlong (1774 AD), the 18th year of Jiaqing (1813 AD), the third year of Daoguang (1823 AD), the eighth year (1828 AD), and the 23rd year (1843 AD) and so on. In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856 AD), the Taiping Army and the Qing army fought fiercely in Ji'an, and the Academy was burned again. In the second year of tongzhi (1863 AD), the Academy was restored by the magistrate Zeng province. The existing fengyuelou, yunzhangge and rows of zhaishe in Zhoutou are the buildings left over from the last construction in the second year of Tongzhi. The existing Lu pool in the center of Zhou was opened by the Academy in the 20th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty. The existing Lu pool in the center of Zhou was opened by the Academy in the 20th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty. Bailu Academy was founded in the Song Dynasty and ended in the Qing Dynasty. In the past hundreds of years, it has created a large number of talents, especially the outstanding model of generations like Wen Tianxiang. It is indeed the pride of this academy. Shi Runzhang, a famous scholar who once presided over the lecture in Bailuzhou Academy in the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem praising: "it's common to do things in Ludong cave of e lake, but I don't believe in the ancient and modern times." For more than 760 years, this holy land of education, which has played an important role in Luling culture, has been full of writing style, and the world is full of peach and plum.

Ji'an was a place of Luling County in ancient times. Since Song Dynasty, there have been many famous people here, and it has become a place where people and culture gather together. It has always enjoyed the reputation of "a nation of articles and righteousness". Bailuzhou academy is one of the four academies in Jiangxi Province. It is a famous institution in ancient Ji'an. The founder of Bailuzhou academy, Jiang Wanli, was born in Duchang County, Jiangxi Province, and was an official to prime minister. Yuanbing went south to occupy Jiangxi. He lived in Poyang. He was unyielding and committed suicide by drowning himself. He was a famous loyal and chaste man in history. Ouyang Shoudao, the first head of the Academy, is a famous scholar in Jiangxi Province in Song Dynasty. It is recorded in the records of Bailuzhou academy that Liu Chenweng, Wen Tianxiang and Deng Guangjian all went out of the school. Wen Tianxiang also wrote in his article "sacrifice to Mr. Ouyang zhuanzhai (Shoudao)," a weak Guan Deng's door It's the age of Gai That is to say, Wen Tianxiang studied in Bailuzhou Academy for one year in the third year of Baoyou (1255 A.D.); on the fourth year of zhibaoyou, he won the first place of Jinshi and was personally promoted as the number one scholar by Emperor LiZong. From then on, Bailuzhou academy became famous all over the world. Emperor LiZong wrote the plaque of "Bailuzhou academy" as a reward for Bailuzhou Academy.

Fengyuerao and yunzhangge, two main buildings of the former Bailuzhou academy, have been renovated. There is Bailuzhou middle school on the island, which is bringing up talents for the socialist four modernizations of the motherland.

The origin of the name

Bailuzhou was named after Bailuzhou, so when the Academy was founded in Song Dynasty, it was also called "Bailuzhou academy" according to the name of Bailuzhou.

It is said that in ancient times, there was a egret fairy who flew here because he envied the love between men and women. She became a beautiful village girl and formed a couple with a young fisherman by the river. Later, they were persecuted by the gods and flooded Zhouzhu. In order to save their lives, the couple turned into egrets. Egret fairies dived into the bottom of the island and supported the island with their bodies, making the island float forever. Fishermen turned into egrets, whining day and night on the island. Later, people called this beautiful oasis Egret Island.

However, according to the literature, the name of Bailuzhou originated from the famous poem of Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty: "three mountains and a half fall in the sky, two rivers divide Bailuzhou". Because Bailuzhou stands in the vast Ganjiang River, the scene is in line with Li Bai's poem, so it is used as the name of Bailuzhou. In the Xuanhe period of the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a sentence of "looking at the Egret Island in the sky" in Xu Fu's poems. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Yin Zhiqing sent Zhou Bida another poem: "my father didn't live in Luling, he was ashamed to kill baiyuanzhou in Qingyuan.". In the Yuan Dynasty, maisiyong wrote that "the island is between the two rivers. In Tang poetry, the island is named after egret, because it is called the Academy." Lin Fuchun, the governor of Ji'an in the Qing Dynasty, wrote the following poem: "the relics of Luling shine on the river and the sky, and the courtyards and temples are revered from the past. The water occupies the Fang, the name is egret, the poem Title ancient wall effect green lotus Therefore, the name of Bailuzhou comes from the poems of Li Bai, a green lotus resident, and the academy is named after Bailuzhou, which is the origin of Bailuzhou Academy.

geographical position

In the east of Ji'an City, Gujun County, Jiangxi Province, there is an oasis like a Mainstone in the middle of the Ganjiang River, which is the famous Luzhou. Egret Island is located in the east of Ji'an City, in the middle of Ganjiang River. It is 1.5km long and 0.5km wide. It is a shuttle shaped oasis. It is formed by river water carrying sediment and looks like egret. The island is covered with luxuriant forests and bamboos, making it a habitat for hundreds of birds.

Characteristics of Academies

According to historical records, the purpose of Bailuzhou academy is to educate, develop Neo Confucianism, cultivate talents, with outstanding characteristics, high teaching quality and academic level. What are the characteristics of Bailuzhou Academy in Song Dynasty? First of all, it is the position to pass on Neo Confucianism. Jiang Wanli was Zhu Xi's second disciple. The Bailu academy, which he founded, naturally focused on the study of Zhu Xi. Liu Chenweng said in the records of jiangwenzhong ancestral hall: "since the rise of Luzhou, then Si people stay in Yili; after the rise of Bailuzhou, those who speak Yili speak freely." The second is to worship the sages. As soon as the Bailuzhou Academy was established, it was worshipped to the highest level, next to the gentlemen. The Confucian temple inscribed "Zhengyi Mingdao" and copied the hand-painted holy statue of Wu Daozi in the Tang Dynasty, which was used to make a memorial ceremony for the students. In spring and autumn, there was a memorial ceremony for the counties, and later it was changed to an annual memorial ceremony. Through sacrificial ceremony to tree ceremony, encourage students to see the wise and think of the same, work hard. This form of education has a certain appeal, Wen Tianxiang is one of them. Third, choose teachers and students. After the establishment of Bailuzhou academy, as a higher cultural and educational institution in a county, whether it can become an educational center and an important place for academic research in Jizhou depends on the choice of teachers. Jiang Wanli attaches great importance to the selection of teachers. When the Academy was first established, no suitable person was selected to be the head of the Academy, so it was better to be short of someone than to be sent to teach for the students in person. Later, when he left office, he recruited Ouyang, a famous Confucian, to be the student teacher of Bailuzhou Academy. thereafter. The leaders of the academy are all famous scholars with high moral character. Not only the leaders of the Academy, but also the famous scholars from all walks of life are invited to give lectures in the Academy. Because of the famous Confucian lecturing, Bailuzhou Academy had a great influence in the education field, and Jizhou literary style flourished for a time. Electing students means "gathering the nine talents in the prefecture and receiving their employment". The fourth is to cultivate more talents. Since the rise of Bailuzhou academy, Luling has "made a great progress in science and technology, made a great reputation, and become half of the world". (records of Bailuzhou Academy) in the spring and Autumn period, Kejia's victory was reported to the four townships. In the fourth year of Baoyou (1256), there were 601 Jinshi in Jinbang, among which Jizhou accounted for 44, and most of them were students of Bailuzhou academy, accounting for almost one tenth of the total number of students admitted in the country, the highest in the country. Wen Tianxiang, a 21-year-old college student, took the lead. LiZong happily said, "the auspiciousness of this day is the same as song Zhirui." he personally inscribed the plaque of "Bailuzhou College" and hung it on the gate of the college. Since then, Bailuzhou academy has been well-known throughout the country, and the Bailudong Academy in Lushan has been well-known throughout the country,

Chinese PinYin : Bai Lu Zhou Shu Yuan