deep mountains

deep mountains

Laoshan is located in Tianbao Town, Malipo County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. It is a mountain bordering Vietnam. Laoshan is 8 square kilometers west of Chuantou village, the resident of Tianbao town. The famous areas include the main peak area (27 mountain tops, the highest point is 1422 meters) and songmaoling area (the highest point is more than 800 meters). There is China's national natural protection port nearby.

In 1996, Laoshan Scenic Spot was established with the approval of Yunnan Provincial People's government.

There are 7 Highlands in Laoshan, and the main peak is highland 4.

The main peak area is different from the main peak point: Laoshan is 8 square kilometers, and the main peak area has four Highlands with large area, which is not equal to the high main peak point (Highland 4). The classification of the main peak point: some say it belongs to China, some say it belongs to Vietnam. When checking Baidu map of Laoshan on June 9, 2016, we found that the Chinese side indicated "Laoshan Scenic Spot" (including highlands 1, 2 and 3 in the main peak area), and the south side indicated "Laoshan main peak" (actually referring to the main peak point), which is about 50 meters near the dividing line.

Malipo County: bordering Vietnam, the border line is 438 km long. County seat: 80 km away from Wenshan, 200 km away from Puzhehei, the provincial tourist resort, 380 km away from Kunming, the provincial capital; 40 km away from the national natural protection port, 63 km away from Hejiang City, the provincial capital of Hejiang Province, and 380 km away from Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam.

position

The main peak of Laoshan Mountain is the core area, with steep in the north and gentle in the south, and 27 mountain tops.

Laoshan is generally divided into seven highlands. The main peak area (located in songmaoling area) has at least four Highlands, and the main peak point is highland 4.

In 1996, it was approved by the people's Government of Yunnan Province to establish scenic spots (including No.1, No.2 and No.3 Highlands in the main peak area).

The Martyrs Memorial Park seems to be set up in Highland 3 of the main peak area (located in songmaoling area).

Malipo County: it borders 5 counties and 26 townships in Vietnam, with a border line of 438 km. The county is 80 kilometers away from Wenshan, 200 kilometers away from Puzhehei, a provincial tourist resort, 380 kilometers away from Kunming, the provincial capital, 40 kilometers away from the national natural protection port, 63 kilometers away from Hejiang City, the provincial capital of Hejiang Province, and 380 kilometers away from Hanoi, the capital. The county covers an area of 2334 square kilometers, with a total population of more than 260000. There are eight ethnic groups, including Han, Zhuang, Miao, Yao, Yi, Dai, Mongolian and Gelao. The ethnic minorities account for 39.7% of the total population. The composition of the scenic spot is divided into five areas and 42 scenic spots, which are distributed in Malipo Town, Nanwenhe, Mengdong, xiajinchang, Daping, Xinzhai and other towns, with a total area of 180 square kilometers. The scenic spot is mainly composed of vast primeval forest and karst caves, supplemented by ancient cultural sites, cat leaping Canyon, waterfall, sea of clouds, ancient trees and other colorful natural and cultural landscapes. There are rich ethnic customs in this area. The traditional festivals mainly include Yao's "Panwang Festival"; Zhuang's "Dragon Festival" and "Fengliu Street"; Miao's "Huashan Festival".

terrain

Laoshan (known as 1509 highland in Vietnam) is located on the Sino Vietnamese border to the south of Chuantou village, Tianbao Town, Malipo County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and crosses between the original Sino Vietnamese boundary monument 12 and 13. Laoshan is high in the West and low in the East, steep in the north and gentle in the south, with an altitude of more than 1000-1400 meters. The main peak is 1422.2 meters above sea level, towering, with a height difference of more than 1260 meters compared with the bow area at the foot of the mountain. The whole area has steep mountains and deep valleys, with an average slope of about 40 degrees. The slope close to the main peak is 60-70 degrees. To the north of the main peak is a 60 meter high cliff, which cannot be climbed.

Taking the main peak as the center, three big mountain beams extend to the northeast, northwest and due south, forming a situation of tripod foot, which is easy to defend but difficult to attack.

The main roads in the area are Malipo to Chuantou highway and Malipo to Mengdong highway, which are gravel pavement and have good traffic. There are highways from the bow to Qingshui and Hejiang in Vietnam, and they are connected with Vietnam No.7 highway. There are simple roads from Tianbao farm to Nanlang, from Chuantou to manguan, from Yaoliu to bajiaoping, and from Tianbao farm to Pianma, which are blocked in sunny days but blocked in rainy days. Before 1979, there were three Hunter trails in the mountains. Later, because of the threat of the Vietnamese army, no one walked. The trail was covered with thatch, and the trail was difficult to distinguish.

There are three big rivers, seven small rivers and one underground river. The largest river is the Panlong River, which flows from China to Vietnam. After entering Vietnam, it is called the Lujiang River. Its two banks are steep and the current is fast. It is difficult to swim in vain. Chuantou highway bridge is the only open bridge on Panlong River with a load of 20 tons. On the west side of Nama, there is a temporary steel cable bridge. The standard bridge deck is set up by engineers and can pass vehicles. The fog in the area is mostly rainy, and the visibility is poor, which is convenient for the troops to gather and attack suddenly.

Generalized Laoshan region

In a broad sense, Laoshan area can be divided into three parts: Laoshan in the west, songmaoling (marked as "songmaolin Shanbao" by the Chinese Army map) and Nala in the middle, and balihe Dongshan in the East. The front is about 12 km wide, and the opposite is the Vietnam River area.

Laoshan area has typical characteristics of Subtropical Mountain jungle, with high mountains and steep slopes, steep peaks and deep valleys, dense primeval forests, tall bamboo trees, uninhabited thatch, interwoven vines, rare roads, heavy fog and humidity, significant temperature difference, and infestation of poisonous insects. There are such proverbs among the local people that "monkeys can't get to the top of the old mountain, goats can't climb the old mountain rock", "Eighteen monsters in Yunnan, three long worms in a sack, three mosquitoes in a dish, and wasps' beehives as the pot cover", which shows the dangerous natural environment of the old mountain area.

strategic role

The strategic value of Laoshan area lies in: it is an important commanding point on the Sino Vietnamese border tens of kilometers between the 12th and 14th National Monument. It is as powerful as two gates, firmly controlling the passage from Malipo to Xuansheng province of the Vietnamese River, and can see the border area more than 20 kilometers deep to the East, West, South and North. If you occupy Laoshan, you can block the main traffic road from Malipo to Qingshui River and Hejiang River in Vietnam to the East, monitor the direction of Koulin mountain to the west, observe the depth of 25 km in China to the north, see Laozhai, Qingshui River and Hejiang River in Vietnam to the south, which is the West gateway of the bow area; if you occupy the east mountain of balihe River, you can observe Laoshan and Chuantou area to the west, and control Laozhai River to the East Dengnong area, which can be seen from the three turns and jiaozhicheng area to the north, is the eastern gateway of the bow area; 662.6 highland, the main peak of songmaoling mountain, runs from northwest to Southeast, such as a threshold crossing between the two mountains, becoming a necessary place for the passage.

battle

The main peak is 1422.2 meters above sea level, which is the throat of Hejiang city in Northwest Vietnam to Yunnan Province in China. At the beginning of April 1984, the Chinese army launched the famous Laoshan campaign against the Vietnamese invaders. On May 15, the Chinese army recovered all the territory of Laoshan area.

The famous Laoshan Mountain is located in the southeast of Malipo County, Yunnan Province, on the Chinese side between the No. 12 National Monument in the second section of the Sino Vietnamese border, and in the northeast of Tianbao port. The main peak is 1422 meters above sea level. It covers an area of about 8 square kilometers. In 1979, the Vietnamese army took advantage of the retreat of our self-defense forces to occupy all favorable terrain on the land border of China, including Laoshan, balihe East Mountain, Koulin mountain and zheyin mountain. After these commanding heights were occupied, the Vietnamese army crossed the border to build fortifications in our territory, laid mines, planted bamboo sticks, and fired at us, killing and injuring many of our border soldiers and civilians. During the five years from 1979 to 1984, the Vietnamese army fired more than 40000 shells into China. People at the border can't return to their homes, they can't plant land, they can't have classes in schools, they can't harvest ten thousand mu of rubber and tea plantations, they have evacuated or hid in caves, and people's lives and property have suffered huge losses.

In order to crack down on the provocative activities of the Vietnamese army, safeguard the border security of the motherland and safeguard the dignity of the country, the Chinese border defense forces, on the order of the Central Military Commission, recovered the Laoshan area on April 28, 1984. The battle to recover Laoshan is a tough mountain jungle battle. It is not only because of the steep slopes, dense forests and overgrown grass and thorns of the old mountains, but also because the Vietnamese army has carefully constructed numerous fortifications, large and small, on the main peak since 1979, with trenches, dark castles and tunnels crisscrossed and mines covered, forming a defense system that can be attacked and defended. However, in front of my brave and indomitable people's Liberation Army, there were no positions that could not be destroyed, no difficulties and dangers that could not be overcome. The soldiers in front fell down, while the soldiers in the back continued to rush up through the bloodstains. Some of them were injured in many places, and their hands and feet were broken, but they did not go down the line of fire. When they hit the intestines, they covered their hands and continued to fight. When they passed through the minefield, they were afraid of delaying the plane, so they rolled and blasted the mines with their bodies Some of them were seriously injured and could not get off the line of fire. They showed their military prestige, national prestige, and the "Laoshan spirit" of hard struggle and selfless dedication that had inspired the growth of our generation.

Laoshan is a famous home and abroad battlefield for self-defense and defensive operations against Vietnam. The leaders of the Central Committee, the head of the people's Liberation Army and the commander-in-chief of the Thai army, a tie, etc. visited Laoshan in person. On the main peak stands the Han Baiyu monument of "long live the spirit of Laoshan" inscribed by former State Councilor and defense minister Zhang Aiping when he visited Laoshan. It is 1.984 meters high and 0.428 meters wide, implying the recovery of Laoshan on April 28, 1984 . There are beacon towers and lookout towers on the old mountain. From the main gate to the main peak, there are 223 stairs, symbolizing the 223 officers and soldiers who died fighting for the main peak.

Chinese PinYin : Lao Shan