Zhaoshan

Zhaoshan

Zhaoshan is located on the East Bank of Xiangjiang River, 20km northeast of Xiangtan city. It is the junction of Changsha, Xiangtan and Zhuzhou. It is said that King Zhao of Zhou Dynasty went to the south to March here, so it was named. According to the records of Changsha Prefecture written by Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, "the Xiang shore is beautiful, with towering emeralds, strange rocks and waters. The calyx of rocks is slightly exposed, and the momentum is flying. When the boat goes under it, you can often see the window of rocks, which is beyond your reach." There is also a sentence in Wang Fuzhi's Zhaoshan Gucui CI in the late Ming Dynasty that "at sunset, the sky is low, the Xiang shore is clear, the eyes are green, the independent Cangfeng is small, the road is the road of Zhaowang's South hunting, and the empty pool flows with resentment, and the waves are curling". In fact, Zhaoshan is not high, 185 meters above sea level, but it is the old "Xiaoxiang eight sceneries" in the "mountain city Qinglan", since ancient times, Mi Fu, Wang Chuanshan and so on, many celebrities chanted. It is said that King Zhao of Zhou went to manbang in the South and fought all the way here. As a result, he fell into the deep pool at the foot of the mountain and was drowned, so he was called Zhaoshan.

Historical records

Every time it is sunny after rain, or at the beginning of the morning, thousands of rays are scattered in the mountains. The rain is dense, colorful, beautiful and spectacular. Mi Fu, a great calligrapher of the Northern Song Dynasty, painted this landscape as a picture of clear and blue mountains, which was listed as one of the eight sceneries of Xiaoxiang. Since then, Zhaoshan has become famous. Zhou Jiuyan of the Ming Dynasty once wrote a poem entitled "Mirage once surprised Haimen East, but the strange peaks here are different.". After Tianyu deceitfully collected the morning glow, people were in the rising sun. Gold and silver gas dazzles thousands of rocks, dragon and tiger cloud condenses seven countries. Who believes in Peidi, Hunan, raises his head like a Yao palace. "

As a scenic spot, Zhaoshan did not start from the Song Dynasty. According to historical records, there are old scenes in Zhaoshan, such as the setting sun on the screen, Danxia in Tuoling, Huayu in Taolin, Qingquan in Shuangjing, tiger listening to the Sutra, the roaring moon of the lion, flying bells in ancient temples, and yuanfan in Shigang, which have attracted tourists to climb the mountain for generations.

Historical evolution

It is said that as early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Zhao of Zhou visited Jingchu in the south. He spent many days in Zhaoshan and died here. Zhaoshan got its name because of this.

From the Qin Dynasty to the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to Xiangnan County, and remained unchanged from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty.

Xiangnan county was abandoned in the Southern Qi Dynasty, so it belonged to Xiangxi county.

Sui kaihuang nine years (AD 589) into Hengshan County.

In 749 ad, Hengshan County was changed into Xiangtan County.

From then on to the Song Dynasty, it belonged to Xiangtan County.

In Yuan Dynasty, Xiangtan County was upgraded to Xiangtan Prefecture, and Shaoshan belonged to Xiangtan Prefecture.

Ming Dynasty belongs to juyili, Yifeng Township, Xiangtan County.

The Qing Dynasty was the seventh capital of Xiangtan County.

On December 26, 1893, Mao Zedong was born in Shaoshan, the seventh capital of Xiangtan County.

During the period of the Republic of China, it successively belonged to Xier District, 9th District, Qingxi Township, Yintian Township and Qingtian township of Xiangtan County.

By the end of the 1930s, in order to meet the needs of the struggle against the enemy, the Tangxiang District Committee of the Communist Party of China (under the jurisdiction of Xiangtan and Xiangxiang) decided to divide it into Shaoshan and Baitian district committees. Shaoshan district Party committee has jurisdiction over Qingxi township of Xiangtan county (now Shaoshan) and Xiangxi township of Xiangxiang county.

On August 15, 1949, Shaoshan was liberated. After the founding of new China, the organizational system of Shaoshan has changed a lot.

On March 16, 1991, the Hunan Provincial Government approved Shaoshan, Zhaoshan, Dehang, Wuxi stele forest, Dongjiang, shimenjiashan and Fenghuang ancient city as the second batch of provincial scenic spots in Hunan Province.

Zhaoshan mountain stands beside the river, and the scenery at the foot of the mountain is also quite good. According to Li Daoyuan's shuijingzhu in the Northern Wei Dynasty, "the Xiangshui river passes through Zhaoshan mountain in the north, and there is a whirling spring at the foot of the western mountain, which is unfathomable." This unfathomable spiral spring is called zhaotan. There is also a beautiful and strange story about the origin of zhaotan. In ancient times, Dragon King of Dongting once took his beloved three princesses on a tour of Sanxiang and Qize. When he passed by Xiangtan, the three princesses were fascinated by the scenery of Zhaoshan and had to settle down here. Old dragon king loved Baobei's daughter and had to build a crystal palace at the foot of Zhaoshan, which is zhaotan. In order to visit Dongting Lake, laolongjun connected the bottom of zhaotan with the bottom of Dongting Lake. Therefore, it is said that one year zhaotan sank a boat, but after a long time it appeared in Dongting Lake. The myth belongs to myth, but the scenery of zhaotan is charming but real. On the night of white moon and clear wind, the bright moon is reflected in the pool, just like the dazzling pearl in the three Princesses' palace. The Pearl also condenses the hazy shadow of Zhaoshan mountain. The breeze blows slowly, and it is beautiful.

Introduction to scenic spots

Qianshan

The main road is a granite paved road with a total of more than 700 levels, circling from the river bank to Zhaoshan temple on the top of the mountain. The temple was built in the Tang Dynasty and called Zhaoyang hall in the Song Dynasty. It was rebuilt in 1758. There are Xuangong temple, Yuhuang Pavilion, Guanyin hall, Guansheng hall, etc. every temple fair, pilgrims gather in all directions, the mountain temple is surrounded by light smoke, and the sound of bells is endless, just like the Yao palace. At the back of the temple, there is a thousand year old ginkgo tree, more than 30 meters high, with luxuriant branches and leaves and thick shade. It is said that there was once a golden bell flying from India on the tree, which did not strike and tolled. Later, because the opposite side of Zhaoshan is Baishi harbor, which is known as "sunset snow". The harbor is full of crystal white stones. At dusk, it looks like a layer of snow. At sunset, you can see the sailing boats in the harbor from Zhaoshan, but you can see that the blood red sunset is reflected on the white sails, which is broad and desolate. Since ancient times, Zhaoshan temple has left many famous people's footprints. Wang Fuzhi, a famous thinker in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem "Zhaoshan GUCUI Ci". He described the scenery of Zhaoshan at dusk with another taste: "at sunset, the sky is low, the Xiang shore is clear, the eyes are green, the independent Cangfeng is small, the road is the road of Zhaowang's South hunting, the empty pool is full of resentment, and the waves are curling." On September 16, 1917, Mao Zedong, who was studying in Hunan No.1 Normal University, and Zhang kundi and Peng Zehou, members of the society for democracy, conducted a social survey. He walked from Changsha to visit Zhaoshan, swam in the Xiangjiang River in front of the mountain, and stayed at Zhaoshan temple at night.

Houshan

In front of the ridge, behind the slope and between the houses, there are peach trees one after another. In the season of continuous spring rain, the peach blossoms, which are as red as rouge, scatter their petals everywhere under the wind and rain. It is just right for the ancients to use "peach blossom rain" to summarize this beautiful scenery. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Liu Kai was demoted to Tanzhou because he denounced Qin Hui for his corruption. Liu Kai was very worried and indignant when he saw the treacherous and sycophantic people in charge of the road and the broken mountains and rivers, so he lived in seclusion in the building room of Zhaoshan mountain, and wrote the poem "Partridge Sky" to express his emotion: "the streets are full of morning glory with bamboo, the cottages with sparse fences, the moonlight screen, the maochai wine with glass, and the beans and plums on the white jade plate. Don't be upset and happy. You'll win a smile in your life. If there is no confidant in three thousand li, he will hold the seal in one hundred thousand troops. " In the Southern Song Dynasty, Neo Confucianist Zhang Kai passed by Zhaoshan and wrote a poem "past the old residence of uncle Liu Xin in Xiangtan", which expressed his admiration and sympathy for Liu Kai. The poem said: "Beizhu left travelers, Dongling recalled the old Marquis. The lotus in the pond is half withered and the leaves are whizzing. Leave a thousand years for your career, and a hero will go to a hill. In his whole life, Xu Guozhi lived a long life. " After the martyr Qiu Jin, a famous female revolutionary in modern history, was in distress, her loyal bones were first buried in Zhaoshan and later moved to Hangzhou. On the campus of No. 6 middle school in Houshan, there are also large-scale joint tombs of Mrs. Luo, the biological mother of democratic revolutionist Huang Xing, and Mrs. Yi, the stepmother.

The tour route to Zhaoshan is: Qinglan, Shanshi - the site of Liu Kai's former residence - Qianshan ancient road - Weiren Pavilion - Zhaoyang temple - Ancient stele carving - ancient trees - Houshan ancient road - Kuixing tower. It is mainly about the essence of Zhao's history and culture, namely, ruins, ancient roads, ancient temples, ancient monuments and ancient trees.

Qinglan mountain city

The front hill of Zhaoshan is also the main part of the painting of Qinglan in Shanshi by Mi Fu, a famous calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. At the invitation of Mi Fu's good friend song Di, he entered the Xiangjiang River from Dongting and wrote the eight sceneries of Xiaoxiang along the river.

Mi Fu came to Zhaoshan and saw the wonderful scenery of Zhaoshan. He couldn't help but praise: "the rising sun and dawn, the glow, the rain and the blue waves, the colorful scenery, the famous mountains and rivers, the beautiful and spectacular.". He was very happy. He made a picture of Zhaoshan, named it "sunny haze in mountain city", and wrote a poem praising the beauty of "sunny haze in mountain city"

Disordered peak, clear and wet, mountain city, haze, near and far away.

When it was slightly cold and drunk, there was no need to move the wine flag.

With the wide circulation of Mi Fu's Zhaoshan poems and paintings, Zhaoshan's reputation has been greatly shocked, attracting countless celebrities to visit Zhaoshan. Among the eight scenic spots, Shanshi Qinglan is the only one designated as a provincial scenic spot.

Site of Liu Kai's former residence

Those ancient broken walls and ruins, which are full of grass, used to be the place where Liu Kai, the four famous anti Jin generals in the late Northern Song Dynasty, once lived. Today, the site of Liu Kai's former residence is a municipal cultural relic protection unit.

Liu Kai, born in Gansu Province, is a tall and handsome man who is proficient in riding, shooting and the art of war. In today's Shunchang World War I in Anhui Province, he led 20000 soldiers of the Song Dynasty and defeated 100000 tiekai in martial arts. He is famous in China. As a famous military example, it was selected as the annotated example in the art of war, which was recorded in detail in the history of Song Dynasty. Because of being demoted to Tanzhou by the Qin Dynasty, he lived in Zhaoshan for six years. Because of his loyalty to the monarch and patriotism, he was greatly admired by later generations, and his nephew generation famous scholar Zhang Zhen came here many times to pay homage.

Qianshan ancient road

Zhaoshan Gudeng Road, a famous ancient road in Zhaoshan, is a provincial cultural relic protection unit. The completion of the ancient road is the result of the historical and cultural accumulation of Zhaoshan.

The ancient road was built in 1777, the 42nd year of Qianlong reign in the heyday. At that time, merchants gathered in Zhaoshan and there were many rich gentry. At that time, Zhaoshan was full of incense, so many tourists and pilgrims went to Zhaoshan. It was very inconvenient to go to the mountain. The song family of Xiangtan initiated and organized the gentry of Xiangtan and shaneryi (today's Zhuzhou City, Zhuzhou County, Xiangtan City, Xiangtan County, Changsha City, Changsha County, etc.) to donate money to build it, to

Chinese PinYin : Zhao Shan