Bailongjiang

Bailongjiang

Bailong River is a tributary of Jialing River. It originates from Langmu temple at the junction of Luqu County of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province and Ruoergai County of Sichuan Province, flows through Luqu County of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province, Ruoergai County of Sichuan Province, Diebu County of Gannan Prefecture of Gansu Province, Zhouqu County, Dangchang County, Wudu district and Wen County of Longnan City, and joins Jialing River in Guangyuan City of Sichuan Province.

The river has a total length of 576 kilometers and a drainage area of 31800 square kilometers. The river runs through mountain valleys with an average gradient of 4.83%, a natural drop of 2783m and an average annual flow of 389m3 / s. There are many canyons along the Bailong River, and the irrigation function is very weak. However, the water energy reserve is 4.32 million kilowatts. Multi cascade development has been realized along the main and tributaries, and there are large and medium-sized hydropower hubs such as Bikou and Baozhusi.

The soil erosion in Diebu of Bailong River and Zhouqu County is serious. In addition, due to various factors, natural disasters such as debris flow often occur. On August 7, 2010, a huge debris flow occurred in Zhouqu County, which razed the area through. 1557 people were killed, 284 people were missing, and 2315 people were treated in clinic.

There are many nationalities living together in Bailong River Basin, mainly including Han, Tibetan, Hui, Qiang, Mongolian, Miao and so on. Historically, it is an important area for the integration of Han and ethnic minorities, a strategic place between Han and Shu, an important channel for the Red Army of Chinese workers and peasants to cross Sichuan and enter Gansu, and historical and war relics are all over the basin. There are Yinping ancient road, Hadapu Red Army Long March memorial hall, "Russian conference" site, tiandang Lazikou battle site and other well-known historical sites.

< I business card picture: Bailong River, the first section above Bikou reservoir

Name traceability

Bailong River was called huanshui in ancient times. It was first seen in the book of Shang Yu Gong Weaving leather. West leaning because Huan is here... " That is to say, the tribute of Liangzhou came from the west mountain along the huanshui river. Zhipi is known as the country of Xirong, namely Kunlun and so on; it leans to the west, named after the mountains, and stretches thousands of miles at the junction of Gansu and Qinghai; Huan, huanshui, namely Baishui, is called Bailong River in modern times. "Shuijingzhu" said: "white water out of the west mountain, flowing into the Han River." Cihai: "huanshui, the name of ancient water, namely Bailong River, originates from Xiqing mountain, flows to Zhouqu County in Gansu Province in the south, joins the ancient Qiang River in the East, joins the ancient Baishui River in Wenxian County in the southeast, and flows into Jialing River in the southeast. In ancient times, it was also called huanshui. Xiqingshan is located at the junction of Gansu, Qinghai and Sichuan, with an average altitude of more than 4000 meters. It is the watershed between the Yellow River and Daxia River, Tao River and Bailong River after the first meander of the Yellow River. Daxia River, Tao River and Bailong River originate in the north and east of it respectively. It can be seen that the regulations mentioned in Yugong are consistent with the modern geographical situation.

The Bailong River was also called jiamengshui in ancient times. According to the Chinese water system dictionary, jiamengshui is a tributary on the right bank of Jialing River In ancient books, it is said that Baishui River is the source of Bailong River, and jiamengshui is one of the ancient appellations of Baishui River. The ancient name of Bailong River "AWU River" is also called in the literature and ancient books, which is actually a misnomer. The dictionary of Chinese ancient and modern place names says: "Shangyuan is called AWU river. It comes from Min County, Gansu Province, commonly known as Minjiang River, also known as Linjiang river. It flows to the southeast of Xigu county (the old building of Zhouqu County) to meet Baishui River, or Baishui River or Bailong River. It flows to the south of Wudu County in the southeast, to the southeast of Wenxian County, and to the north of Zhaohua County in Sichuan Province in the southeast." Southeast into the Jialing River According to the draft of the history of Qing Dynasty, "the upper source of Bailong River is called AWU River, which flows out of the watershed at the West foot of min'e mountain and flows to the southeast. It is called Minjiang River, which flows through Linjiang River in the southeast and into Jiezhou in the West The first two should refer to Minjiang River, a tributary of Bailong River, which is not the mainstream of Bailong River.

General situation of main stream

River course

Bailong River originates from Langmu temple at the junction of Luqu County in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province and Ruoergai County in Sichuan Province, flows through Luqu County in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province, Ruoergai County in Sichuan Province, Diebu county and Zhouqu County in Gannan Prefecture of Gansu Province, Dangchang County, Wudu district and Wen County in Longnan City, and flows into Jialing River in Guangyuan City of Sichuan Province. It has a total length of 576 kilometers, a drainage area of 31800 square kilometers and an annual runoff of 10.8 billion cubic meters. Gansu Province is 475 km long, with a drainage area of 27200 square kilometers, an annual runoff of 9.38 billion cubic meters and an annual sediment discharge of 18.4 million tons.

The source of Bailong River lies in Langmusi Town, which is at the junction of Luqu County in Gansu Province and Hongxing town in Ruoergai County in Sichuan Province. It is located at the north foot of guoermangliang mountain, a branch of the eastern Kunlun Mountains

And Minshan. (the exact location is the quhaldeng spring group about 7.5km west of Langmusi Town, Luqu County, Gannan)

. Generally, it zigzagged eastward and entered Ruoergai County, Sichuan Province. It passed through Hongxing town in the north of the county (there is a small tributary of Zangqu flowing in from south to North), Jiangzha Township, Chonger Township and Lenglie Township, and then entered Diebu County, Gansu Province.

Bailong River enters Diebu County of Gansu Province at the mouth of yiwagou, flows through dianga town and Kaba Township, where the county government is located. Downstream, Dala river flows from south to North and enters into Niao gorge. In Niao village of Niao Township, Niao Gorge Hydropower Station flows eastward. Through wangzang Township, axia Gorge flows southeast in axia forest farm, and through Huayuan Township, to Luoda Township, lazigou flows from north to south, and Lazi gorge flows eastward In the middle reaches of zigou, there are the ruins of the battle of Lazikou and shuipoxia hydropower station. Near the mouth of Lazikou, there is daigushi hydropower station. At the mouth of luodaheishui gully, the Bailong River turns to the South and flows into Zhouqu County. Its main tributaries are Waqu, wabaqu, anziqu, dalaqu, jianniqu, duoerqu, laziqu, etc. The flow is 110 km long with an average gradient of 6.4% and a total drop of 700 m.

Bailong River flows into Zhouqu County from gawa mountain in the northwest of Zhouqu County, flows southward through quwa Township, turns southeast, passes through bazang Township, Lijie Township, Hanban Township, Fengdi Township, Jiangpan Township and Chengguan town of Zhouqu County, and enters Dangchang county through Nanyu Township and Dachuan town. The total length of the main stream in the county is 70.7 km, the natural fall is 420 m, and there are 22 tributaries and small tributaries. The drainage area is 1330.20 square kilometers, and the annual average flow is 368 million cubic meters. According to the data of Lijie hydrological station, the runoff coefficient of Bailong River is 0.499, the maximum flood flow is 189 cubic meters per second, and the minimum low flow is 9.26 cubic meters per second. The sediment content is higher in wet season.

At the two estuaries on the border of Dangchang County, Bailong River receives Minjiang River, a tributary from north to south, and flows through Shawan Town, with a river length of 20 km.

Entering Wudu District, it flows through Jiaogong town and north of Jiaogong. There is baiheqiao power station, passing Shimen Township and Liangshui town. It flows into Gongba River from the west of Zhouqu County. It flows southeast through the urban area and suburban township of Wudu District, through Dongjiang Town, Hanwang Town, citrus Township and Toufang Township, and gradually turns into southwest flow, and enters Wenxian county through waina township.

Bailong River flows into Wen County in goukouzi village of sheshu Township, passes through Linjiang Township and younayangtang River (Yangtang River) of Jianshan Township, then turns southeast and flows through Kouba and Yulei township. Wuku River from Wudu District flows in from north to South on the left bank, Baishui River flows in from west to East on the right bank, and the lower reaches of Bailong River flows into Bikou reservoir area, via Fanba township (rangshui river flows in from west to East on the right bank) and Bikou reservoir area Eight townships, including Kouzhen, xiaojiaxiang (xiaotuanyu River from the north of Zuona) and Zhongmiao Township, left xiongzigou in Zhongmiao Township and entered Sichuan Province. In Wenxian County, the length is 104.5km, accounting for 18% of the total length, and the natural fall is 2671m. The drainage area of the county is 4994 square kilometers, accounting for 18.35% of the 27204 square kilometers in Gansu Province. Bailong River is upstream from Wudu, and the middle reaches from Wudu to Bikou. There are intermittent and tortuous narrow valleys on both sides of Bailong River. After Bailong River enters Wenxian County, Longba River and Yangtang River join in. At guantouba, Yulei Township, Wenxian County, Baishui River joins in from the West and lets ShuiHe join in from the southwest. The water volume is large and the two sides are gentle. The first section from Bikou to Zhaohua is downstream and joins tuanyu river. The water potential is flat and the flow velocity is small, so it can pass ships.

Bailong River flows from Zhongmiao township of Wenxian county to Gansu Province, Qingchuan county and Sichuan Province. In Qingchuan County, it first receives the tributary datunyu River, flows through Yaodu town from northwest to Southeast, zigzags through Yingpan Township and Shazhou Town, enters the end of Baozhusi Hydropower Station Reservoir area, and continues to flow south into Guangyuan City.

After entering Guangyuan City in Jindong Township, Bailong River flows southward through Jindong Township in Lizhou district and reaches Sandui Town, which is the site of Baozhusi hydropower station. Continue to flow southward, take Qingshui River (Qingzhu River) in Baolun Town, turn southeast to northwest, and join Jialing River at Tianxiong pass of baiyanba village, Zhaohua Town, Zhaohua district.

Channel characteristics

The elevation of the source of Bailong River is 4072m, the elevation of the estuary is 465m, and the drop is 3607m. According to the characteristics of the river channel and the basin, it can be divided into three sections: the upstream section is 228 km long from the birthplace to Zhouqu County, belonging to the plateau gorge section, with tributaries such as dalagou, duoergou and lazigou flowing into the section, with an average width of 100 meters and an average gradient of 1.1%, with good vegetation coverage and small evapotranspiration. The river channel runs through the gorge and cuts the channel for erosion; the middle section is from Zhouqu County to songzidian The river is 157 km long, with large longitudinal slope, numerous branch gullies, and developed debris flow. The flow direction of the river is affected by the strike, with strong lateral erosion and low flow velocity. The sedimentation section is caused by solid runoff deposition, with Minjiang River and Gongba River in the interval

Chinese PinYin : Bai Long Jiang