China ticket office Museum

China ticket office Museum

Located in the former site of Rishengchang ticket shop, West Street, Pingyao County, China ticket shop museum was built and opened on October 18, 1995. Rishengchang bank, formerly known as "xiyucheng" pigment shop, was the first private financial institution in China to specialize in deposit, loan and exchange business. Li Daquan, the financial owner, and Lei Lutai, the manager of Rishengchang bank, invested 300000 liang of silver in the fourth year of Daoguang reign in the Qing Dynasty. They are famous for "huitongtianxia". The Museum covers an area of 1963 square meters, with a construction area of 2414 square meters, three courtyards and more than 100 houses.

Introduction to scenic spots

Rishengchang, the first bank in China, was founded in 1824 A.D. with a hundred years of vicissitudes and brilliant achievements. It is the leading financial firm in China. Its semicolon covers more than 30 cities and important commercial ports in China, as far as Europe, America, Southeast Asia and other countries. It is famous for "connecting the world". After the establishment of Rishengchang, Jiexiu, Taigu and Qixian followed suit. Her birth and development promoted the national financial circulation, accelerated the capital turnover, made outstanding contributions to the development of national industry and commerce at that time, and opened a glorious page in the history of Chinese finance. Rishengchang, the first bank in China, is located in the prosperous area of the West Street of Pingyao ancient city. The whole site covers an area of 2324 square meters, with compact land use and distinct functions. However, such a small courtyard was the first of its kind in China's national banking industry and once manipulated the economic lifeline of the Qing Dynasty in the 19th century.

In 1823, Li Daquan of xidapu village in Pingyao invested 300000 liang of silver and Lei Lutai, the manager of Xiyao village, founded Rishengchang. From then on, the backward financial situation of Chinese escort agency escorting cash silver ended, greatly accelerated the commercial operation and currency circulation, and effectively promoted the rapid development of social economy. In the golden age, its total annual exchange amount is as high as 38 million taels of silver, which can be described as "daily profit"; its business outlets are all over China except northeast and northwest, which can be described as "one paper popular". However, what impresses us even more is that in the more than 100 years since the establishment of the bank, foreign aggression and civil strife have been frequent, and Rishengchang has been playing tricks in the turbulent one hundred years. It has formed a set of management system with great modern significance.

Today, the former site of Rishengchang has been opened up as a museum of Chinese ticket banks. What people see and hear here is more than 100 years ago. Although Rishengchang's small courtyard can not be compared with the skyscrapers of modern banks, and Rishengchang's only semicolon can not be compared with the contemporary financial network covering the whole country, we can see the shadow of contemporary banks from Rishengchang; we can appreciate the wisdom of the Chinese nation from Rishengchang; we can feel a spirit of resolute reform and the voice of progress of the times from Rishengchang .

Development history

overview

During the reign of Kang, Yong, Qian and Jia in the Qing Dynasty, pawnshops, accounting bureaus, banks and silver houses began to take shape. In 1813, there were more than 700 Pingyao firms, including 25 financial firms. The industry advantage of paying equal attention to commerce and finance makes it possible for the bank to initiate in Pingyao.

Jiaqing period

During the Jiaqing period, among the numerous business houses in Pingyao, there was a pigment shop named Xi Yucheng, whose general office was located in the West Street of the city, and Caidong was the Li family of xidapu village. Xiyucheng has been operating for many years and has strong capital. It has set up branches in Beijing, Tianjin, Hankou, Chengdu and other cities. Lei Lutai, who has worked as manager of Hankou branch and Jingshi branch, in the process of managing a small amount of exchange money for his fellow countrymen, relatives and friends, learned from the experience of flying money and convenient money (or convenient exchange) in ancient times, overcame the defect that the Accounting Bureau only engaged in currency lending but not exchange, and gradually summed up a set of relatively complete exchange management mode. When Lei was transferred back to Pingyao general office, he suggested that the owner should change the pigment shop into a bank specializing in silver exchange and deposit business. With the consent of Li Daquan, the financial manager, he invested 300000 liang of Wenyin. Around 1823, he formally set up Rishengchang, the first bank in China. His intention was to make business as prosperous as Rishengchang. Lei Lutai is the general manager (Chief Manager). After the establishment of Rishengchang bank, it solved the problem that the National Bank of China did not have the previous large amount of bank to bank exchanges, and soon set up branch numbers in more than 40 large and medium-sized cities across the country, which made the bank's business prosperous.

The sixth year of Daoguang (1826)

In the sixth year of Daoguang (1826), Hou Peiyu, the tycoon of Beijia village in Jiexiu County, who had run several firms in Pingyao City for many years, had already paid close attention to the operation of Rishengchang. Hou took advantage of the opportunity that Mao Hongdan, the assistant manager of Rishengchang (the second shopkeeper), and Lei Lutai, the general manager of Rishengchang, had a conflict to withdraw from the bank. He hired Mao and entrusted him with a heavy task. He successively transferred Wei Tai thick silk cloth shop, Wei Fenghou money shop, Wei Shengchang silk cloth shop and Tian chengheng fine cloth shop. Xintai houmianzhuang and other five business houses were changed into ticket houses, forming the world-famous "Wei" five joint number in Pingyao. In the 18th year of Daoguang (1838), Rishengchang Caidong and the shopkeeper agreed that Rishengchang Piaohao would contribute to the establishment of nisingzhong Piaohao, in order to increase the strength to compete with the "Wei" Wulian. From then on, Pingyao bank developed to seven, initially formed the earliest Pingyao gang in Shanxi Bank, and went through the initial stage of Pingyao bank.

The 20th year of Daoguang (1840) - the 10th year of Xianfeng (1860)

At the same time of the formation of Pingyao Piao Gang, neighboring Qixian and Taigu dachidong also vied to follow suit. Taigu zhichengxin and Qixian heshengyuan were established successively, gradually forming the Ping, Qi and Taisan gangs in Shanxi. In 1840, the first Opium War took place, which gradually changed China's social system from feudal society to semi colonial and semi feudal society. Soon after, there was another peasant uprising led by Hong Xiuquan and the second Opium War. After years of war, Pingyao ticket office once entered a tortuous period. In particular, the branches in the South were robbed or withdrawn, and "the friends were not in peace, and the property and money were difficult to avoid danger", and the exchange business could not be carried out normally. In the face of difficulties, Pingyao bank, on the one hand, had to withdraw its branch, reduce its scale, lay off its staff, lighten its burden, and strive for progress by means of music; on the other hand, it is still facing difficulties and struggling tenaciously. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Xiehe xinpiao shop was set up in wangdongyao South Street, Dacai East, niedian village, Yuci; in the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), Xiehe xinpiao shop was set up with mibingyi, Wangzhi village, Benyi. Before the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), Mao Hongxiang, the founder of Weizi Wulian, invested and set up weichanghou ticket shop; in the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), the father and son of Dacai Dongqu in Qixian County set up Baichuan ticket shop in the South Street of Pingyao City. The number of Pingyao ticket companies has grown to 11.

Xianfeng 11th year (1861) - Guangxu 16th year (1890)

Since the 11th year of Xianfeng (1861), Pingyao ticket office has entered a period of vigorous development. In the same year, Jijia, a giant businessman in beixinwu village, Jiexiu County, was optimistic about the development momentum of the ticket shop. He changed Qiansheng hengbu village, which had been operating in the East Street of the city for many years, to a ticket shop, which promoted the development of the ticket shop industry and became an important symbol of the development of Pingyao ticket shop. In the 30 years since then, there have been 20 ticket companies successively established, including Qian Jisheng, Qi Changde, Yun Fengtai, song Shengchang, Xiang Hezhen, Yi Shengchang, huiyuanyong and yongtaiqing. Pingyao's number of semicolons has increased to 367 in 68 cities and important commercial ports across the country. In the sixth year of Guangxu (1880), there were 14 Pingyao ticket branches in Shanghai, a rapidly rising port city. In 1881, in Hankou, known as the thoroughfare of Kyushu, there were 32 Shanxi branch banks, of which 16 were in Pingyao, accounting for half of the country. In 1885, there were seven branches of Pingyao bank in Kaifeng, Henan Province. In the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), weishanhou bank set up a semicolon in Dihua (now Urumqi) of Xinjiang. The semicolon of Pingyao bank, which has not been established in all parts of the country, has formed a huge financial network and become the main force of "huitongtianxia". After Pingyao ticket office entered the development period, its business continued to expand. In the early stage, the main business was commercial loan and exchange, and the main business was donating money to students. A large number of government money businesses, such as collecting military pay, assisting pay, relieving money, tax and bank remittance, became an important financial tool of the Qing government before the establishment of the bank of the Ministry of accounts of the Qing Dynasty. At the same time, Pingyao ticket companies have been surviving the fittest in the process of development, and have been constantly differentiated. Some ticket companies with congenital deficiencies and unable to withstand the impact of the financial turmoil are soon eliminated. During this period, six banks including yunfengtai, xianghezhen, songshengchang, qianjisheng, yishengchang and huiyuanyong closed down successively.

18th year of Guangxu (1892) - 25th year of Guangxu (1899)

After 1892, Pingyao ticket office entered its heyday. Besides expanding its scale and forming a semicolon network all over the country to provide more sufficient funds and services for trade and commodity circulation at home and abroad, Pingyao bank also assumed part of the financial and banking functions of the Qing government, and had a closer relationship with the Qing government. Some of the larger banks had senior officials of the Qing Dynasty as their backstage. Rishengchang made friends with Prince Qing and Zhao Shuqiao, who were the supervisors of Guangdong Customs, weishengchang made friends with Prince Qing, chuantong made friends with Zhang Zhidong, cooperated with Dong Fuxiang, Weishou made friends with Zhao Erxun and Yuan Shikai. In 1894, the Sino Japanese War of 1894 ended with the failure of China and the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki with Japan

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Guo Piao Hao Bo Wu Guan