Haojiatai site

Haojiatai site

Haojiatai site is located on the platform northeast of shicaozhao village in the east of Yancheng District, Luohe City, Henan Province. The Beijing Guangzhou railway passes through the southwest of the site and divides the site into East and west parts. The site is 2-3 meters higher than the surrounding ground. The cultural layer is about 3-5 meters thick and covers an area of more than 50000 square meters. Haojiatai ancient city is rectangular in plane, 222 meters long from north to South and 148 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of more than 32000 square meters. Built in the second phase of Haojiatai Longshan culture, about 4600 years ago, it is the earliest important city site of Longshan Culture in Henan Province.

From 1986 to 1987, the excavation area was more than 3000 square meters. In the southwest of the site, there are ruins of castles, large areas of house foundations, and traces of wooden floor. In addition, there are pits, tombs, ash pits, pottery kilns and other relics, as well as the foundation of the city wall and the surrounding defense ditch. There are thousands of pottery, stone, bone and clam wares unearthed.

Haojiatai ancient city site reflects the historical and cultural development of the Huanghuai River Valley East of Songshan Mountain 4000-5000 years ago. It is one of the few ancient cities of Longshan Culture in the late Neolithic Age in China. The emergence of the ancient city represents the emergence of private ownership, class and state, and also shows that at least in the late Longshan Culture in Henan, a new era of civilization has arrived.

Haojiatai site is one of the important projects and research topics in the project of exploring the origin of Chinese civilization, which has great historical and archaeological value for the study of the origin of Chinese civilization.

In 1986, it was announced as a provincial cultural relics protection unit by the provincial people's government. In May 2006, it was approved as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Site structure

Most of the tombs were excavated, and the adults were long vertical pit tombs with no burial utensils or funerary objects. Most of the tombs were buried with upright limbs and a small number of bent limbs. Children for urn coffin, tripod, pot for burial, with basin and bowl buckle. One of the most important remains is a city site in the middle of Longshan culture.

The plan of the city site is rectangular, 222 meters long from north to south, 148 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of nearly 33000 square meters. The existing wall is 5 meters wide and 0.8 meters high. There is an 8.8-meter-wide gap in the middle of the east city wall, which may also be related to the city gate. The east wall, the north wall and the four corners of the city were well preserved, while the south wall and the west wall were damaged respectively. A large number of house foundations, cave kilns, urn and coffin burials were found in the city. According to the carbon 14 measurement and tree ring correction, the city site is 4606 ± 121 years, which is equivalent to the middle and late Longshan culture.

unearthed relic

The pottery is mainly gray pottery, followed by black pottery, and a small amount of eggshell black pottery and red pottery. The main decorative pattern is basket pattern, followed by rope pattern and checkerboard pattern. The patterns are characterized by low foot tripod, deep belly pot, bottle, and Gu shaped utensils. In addition, there are also vessels, steamers, basins, bodies, round foot plates, grooved basins, beans, etc. The color, decoration and shape of pottery also changed with the time. In the remains of Longshan culture, there are many groups of rectangular row houses with 8 or 6 rooms in each group. Most of the tombs were excavated, and the adults were long vertical pit tombs with no burial utensils or funerary objects. Most of the tombs were buried with upright limbs and a small number of bent limbs. Children for urn coffin, tripod, pot for burial, with basin and bowl buckle. One of the most important remains is a city site in the middle of Longshan culture. The plan of the city site is rectangular, 222 meters long from north to south, 148 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of nearly 33000 square meters. The existing wall is 5 meters wide and 0.8 meters high. There is an 8.8-meter-wide gap in the middle of the east city wall, which may also be related to the city gate. The east wall, the north wall and the four corners of the city were well preserved, while the south wall and the west wall were damaged respectively. A large number of house foundations, cave kilns, urn and coffin burials were found in the city. According to the carbon 14 measurement and tree ring correction, the city site is 4606 ± 121 years, which is equivalent to the middle and late Longshan culture. In 1986, it was announced as a provincial cultural relics protection unit by the provincial people's government.

Tourism information

Opening hours: 9:00-17:00

Best travel time: September and October

Address: shicaozhao village, Sunzhuang Township, Yuanhui District, Luohe City, Henan Province

Longitude: 114.030901

Latitude: 33.592212

Chinese PinYin : Hao Jia Tai Yi Zhi