Hongyashan reservoir

Hongyashan reservoir, known as the Pearl of Shahai, is located in the northeast of Hexi Corridor and the lower reaches of Shiyang River. It is surrounded by two deserts of Tengger and Badain Jaran. It is 30 kilometers away from Minqin County. It is a desert depression water storage project and the largest desert reservoir in Asia. The designed dam height of the reservoir is 15.1 meters, the dam length is 8060 meters, the total reservoir capacity is 127 million m3, the reservoir water area is 25 square kilometers, the control basin area is 13400 square kilometers, and the designed irrigation area is 900000 mu. There are water conveyance tunnel, flood gate, Xiba extraordinary spillway and so on in the reservoir, which are mainly used for water storage and irrigation, and have comprehensive utilization efficiency of flood control, fishing, tourism and so on. The desert, green mountains, blue waves, green shade, blue sky, rosy clouds and beautiful sun in the reservoir area set off each other, forming a beautiful and magnificent desert spectacle map, which is an ideal summer resort.

Hongyashan reservoir

Hongyashan reservoir, the largest desert reservoir in Asia, is located in the northeast of Hexi Corridor and the downstream of Shiyang River. It is surrounded by Tengger Desert and Badain Jaran Desert. It is about 30 kilometers away from Minqin County. It is a medium-sized depression water storage project in desert area. In 1979, it was listed as "the most in China" by CCTV, and was praised as "the Pearl of the vast sea". In 2011, it was rated as a national tourist attraction and a national water conservancy scenic spot. Only the west side of the reservoir is built according to Hongya mountain, and the other three sides are built by man, and they are also built in the desert, which is rare in the whole country and even in the world. It is the largest artificial desert reservoir in Asia.

Pearl of the sea

Hongyashan reservoir, located in the lower reaches of Shiyang River, is a medium-sized depression water storage project in desert area and the largest desert reservoir in Asia. When the water is full, there are thousands of green waves, fish flying at the bottom of the reservoir, birds playing on the water, green water surrounding the desert, green mountains reflecting green waves, and bright pearls in the vast sea.

Hongyashan reservoir is the largest desert reservoir in Asia. It is the life project of Shaxiang people, the bright pearl in the desert, and the tourist attraction of friends all over the world.

Hongya mountain is 1750 meters above sea level, with a relative height of 350 meters. From a distance, the mountain is red, so it is called Hongya mountain. In 1958, a well-known desert reservoir was built here with an area of 30 square kilometers and a designed storage capacity of 127 million cubic meters. Only the west side of such a large reservoir is built according to Hongya mountain, and the other three sides are built by man, and they are also built in the desert, which is rare in the whole country and even in the world. It is the largest desert reservoir in Asia and is known as the "Pearl of the vast sea".

Hongyashan reservoir is the only water conservancy regulation and storage project in Minqin County, which irrigates more than 600000 mu of cultivated land, supports the survival and development of Minqin oasis, and is the lifeblood of the people in Shaxiang. It has beautiful scenery and pleasant climate. There are many fish, ducks, waterfowls and black cranes in the reservoir. There is a sand dune in the reservoir. Birds come to rest, camels to drink, and tourists to bathe. The majestic appearance of Luofeng and the desert color of the sky are all contained in the water light. "Poly Dragon Pavilion" is the essence of the reservoir scenery. It looks up to Hongya mountain and stands tall and clear. During the water releasing season, the river flows straight down from the water conveyance tunnel, which is magnificent. Whether you are boating, watching wild geese flying, ducks singing, or listening to the singing in the evening, you will forget to return.

Introduction to scenic spots

The top of the mountain is the commanding point of the reservoir area. When you climb to the top of the mountain, you can see all around. In the distance, Qilian Mountain is far away, with snow peaks in the sky. Overlooking the dam, the green waves are rippling and green waves are billowing. Outside the dam, there are 17.4 square kilometers of green belts. The trees are shady and the channels are crisscross. Behind them are sand dunes and boundless desert. Only 25000 mu of sand plants planted artificially are fighting against the sand. Deep in the desert, there are Heishan castle ruins and "Red Mountain"

Hidden leopard, black mountain snow and other wonderful myths and legends. In the vast desert, this kind of strange scenery and cultural landscape, which integrates the water and farmland scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, will make you intoxicated.

The exhibition room shows the 40 year development history of Hongyashan reservoir in the form of sand table model and pictures. It shows the care and support of leaders at all levels, the painstaking efforts of experts, scholars, engineers and technicians, the moving scenes of the hardworking and brave people, the fruitful achievements of Lin Maoliang, wind prevention and sand fixation, and the grand blueprint of tourism development. The development history of the reservoir can also be said to be the epitome of the development history of Minqin oasis. It is also a brilliant page in the development history of Minqin. It is a precious historical material for investigating and studying the construction of desert reservoir, and a good base for patriotism education.

Under the dam of the reservoir, the original Shiyang River ancient road has about 300 mu of water area, which is formed by the drainage of the dam. The living water flows frequently. The water quality is excellent, and the bottom is clear. There are twists and turns of the river landscape, and there are scattered artificial waterfalls. Hanoi is full of green reeds, willows, pavilions and sand dunes. The environment is beautiful and clean. It is a good place for people to take summer vacation and leisure. There is a natural swimming pool integrating swimming, sand bath, shower and changing clothes, a reservoir restaurant for tourists to taste spicy fish and other snacks, a yurt for tourists' leisure and entertainment, as well as boating and fishing on the wide and clean water.

Pros and cons

When the Hongyashan reservoir was built in 1958, there was a debate about whether it should be built or not.

The party who opposes the construction of the reservoir thinks that the local area belongs to the arid area, and no matter how big the flood is, it will not cause disasters, but will only make the pasture rich and fertile, and even if the crop fails due to the flood, the rich animal husbandry products can be added. Once the river is closed, it will cause water shortage and even desertification in the downstream.

However, under the background of the times, the reservoir was finally built with grain as the key link.

Ecological damage

1. Qingtu Lake dried up rapidly

Shortly after the completion of the reservoir, Qingtu lake, located in the north section of Minqin County, completely dried up. This is the largest and fastest drying Lake in Chinese history. Three thousand years ago, Qingtu lake was a large lake with a depth of nearly 20000 square kilometers and tens of meters. At the beginning of liberation, there were still more than 100 square kilometers of Qingtu lake. With the construction of Hongyashan reservoir, the replenishment water of Qingtu lake was destroyed, and the local underground water system was also destroyed, resulting in the desertification of this area, which finally dried up around 1957. The drying up of Qingtu lake makes the two deserts of Tengger and Badain Jaran converge and approach the oasis at the speed of 8-10 meters per year.

2. Local soil salinization

Due to the loss of upstream water supply, neutralization, erosion and dilution, the salinization phenomenon began to move from soil and groundwater to upstream year by year from the five townships in the most downstream Lake area. In addition, the reservoir raises the groundwater in the reservoir area, which makes the surface water salinized due to strong evaporation. The reservoir itself has heavy deposition, large area and large evaporation, which goes against the harmony between human and water in arid areas.

3. Soil desertification and sandstorm are serious

Minqin is located in the most downstream of Shiyang River Basin, surrounded by Tengger Desert and Badain Jaran Desert in the west, North and East. After the construction of Hongyashan reservoir and the surge of water consumption in the upper and middle reaches, the ecosystem in the lower reaches of Shiyang River has been destroyed. Due to the lack of ecological water supply, the two deserts quickly closed to Minqin County. In 2012, the desertification area of Minqin County accounted for 94% of the total land area, and the edge of the desert moved to the oasis at the speed of 3-4 meters per year, facing the threat of becoming the "second Lop Nur". On the afternoon of May 5, 1993, a severe sandstorm occurred in Northwest China, which lasted for five hours. Hundreds of people were killed, injured and missing. On April 24, 2010, Minqin County was hit by strong wind of magnitude 10-11 and strong sandstorm, lasting for 3 hours and 4 minutes. There were 13 fires, including 10 in rural areas and many rural residential areas. The sandstorm caused power failure in some urban and rural areas and heavy losses in rural production, which is expected to cause economic losses of 200 million yuan. According to the meteorological records of Minqin, the intensity of the sandstorm exceeded that of the "5.5" storm in 1993, which was the strongest especially strong sandstorm since the meteorological records of Minqin.

Relevant information

facilities

We have built a seaside Entertainment City, dance hall, yacht, beach bath and other services. The reservoir is an ideal summer resort with green forest, verdant vegetation and fresh and humid air.

characteristic

The designed dam height of the reservoir is 15.1 meters, the dam length is 8060 meters, the total reservoir capacity is 127 million m3, the reservoir water area is 25 square kilometers, the control basin area is 13400 square kilometers, and the designed irrigation area is 900000 mu. There are water conveyance tunnel, flood gate, Xiba extraordinary spillway and so on in the reservoir, which are mainly used for water storage and irrigation, and have comprehensive utilization efficiency of flood control, fishing, tourism and so on. The desert, green mountains, blue waves, green shade, blue sky, rosy clouds and beautiful sun in the reservoir area set off each other, forming a beautiful and magnificent desert spectacle map, which is an ideal summer resort.

Address: Minqin County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province (downstream of Shiyang River, Shandan County)

Longitude: 102.887979

Latitude: 38.399662

Ticket information: Free

Opening hours: all day

Chinese PinYin : Hong Ya Shan Shui Ku