Pingzhou Academy

Pingzhou Academy

Pingzhou academy, founded in 1739, was founded by Sui Wenhuan, a Lingling native and the magistrate of Taoyuan (now Siyang) County in Jiangsu Province. In 1886, Wang Debang and Xi Baotian, the famous generals of Hunan army, were rebuilt, and Zhou Chongfu was the head of the mountain. It has been rebuilt for the third time in recent years. It has been 274 years since its establishment. Pingzhou academy, also known as baipingzhou academy and Baiping Academy in Qing Dynasty, was named after its foundation on Pingzhou. Pingzhou is named after the growth of white apple. The names of "Bai Pingzhou" and "Ping Zhou" are derived from Qu Yuan's "nine songs, madam Xiang" in the songs of Chu: "when you ascend Bai Ping, you can see her, and you can see her at night." "Bai Ping" is also called "Bai Yu", which has the same meaning. Hu Wenying's "Qusao finger palm" said: "there are two kinds of grass, green and white, green grass like Cyperus, born in the northern plain of Chu, white grass like Scirpus, born in the southern lakeside of Chu." Liu Zongyuan's poem "the book of Lu Hengzhou was sent by poem" says: "it's not a guest on the Bank of Bai Pingzhou, but also a far-reaching question to Xiaoxiang." "Bai Pingzhou" is the real scene of Yongzhou, "Xiaoxiang" uses the allusions of Xiangfei, and the verses are all derived from the interpretation of "Chuci · madam Xiang".

It is located in Pingdao, Lingling District, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province.

Development history

Pingzhou academy, founded in 1739, was founded by Sui Wenhuan, a Lingling native and the magistrate of Taoyuan (now Siyang) County in Jiangsu Province. In 1886, Wang Debang and Xi Baotian, the famous generals of Hunan army, were rebuilt, and Zhou Chongfu was the head of the mountain. The third reconstruction in 2011. It has lasted 274 years since its establishment.

Pingzhou Academy was also called Bai Pingzhou academy and Bai Pingshu in Qing Dynasty

The courtyard is named after its construction on Pingzhou. Pingzhou is named after the growth of white apple. The names of "Bai Pingzhou" and "Ping Zhou" originated from the songs of Chu.

Qu Yuan's "nine songs, madam Xiang" said: "when you climb the white apple, you can see it, and you can see it with a beautiful woman." "Bai Ping" is also called "Bai Yu", which has the same meaning. Hu Wenying's "Qusao finger palm" said: "there are two kinds of grass, green and white, green grass like Cyperus, born in the northern plain of Chu, white grass like Scirpus, born in the southern lakeside of Chu." Liu Zongyuan's poem "the book of Lu Hengzhou was sent by poem" says: "it's not a guest on the Bank of Bai Pingzhou, but also a far-reaching question to Xiaoxiang." "Bai Pingzhou" is the real scene of Yongzhou, "Xiaoxiang" uses the allusions of Xiangfei, and the verses are all derived from the interpretation of "Chuci · madam Xiang".

According to the book of history, Yao Dian records that Emperor Yao married his two daughters to Emperor Shun, and that "Li surrendered his two daughters to Gui Gui and his concubines to Yu". According to the records of the historian, Emperor Shun "went hunting in the south, collapsed in the field of Cangwu, and was buried in Jiuyi in the south of the Yangtze River". According to the biography of women, Emperor Shun was the son of heaven, Emperor e was the queen, and female Ying was the imperial concubine. Emperor Shun died in Cangwu, "two imperial concubines died between Jiangxiang, commonly known as Xiangjun.". According to shuijingzhu, the two imperial concubines often "travel in the abyss of Dongting and enter the Pu of Xiaoxiang". The history of Yao and Shun opened the first page of the history of Chinese civilization, and the legend of the relationship between Emperor Shun and Xiangfei became the earliest love story in China. Japanese literature historian Yoshiro Oshima called the story of Xiangfei "the ancestor of ancient and modern love literature".

From Qu Yuan on, the stories of Xiangfei frequently appeared in the classical literature and art, including poetry, prose, music, painting and so on. The things related to them, such as Xiangshui, Xiaoshui, Xiaoxiang, Xiaoxiang building, Xiaoxiang Pavilion, Xiaoxiang gate, Xiaoxiang post, Xiangfei temple, Xiangfei, Jiangfei, Xiangjun, Xiangfu, Xiangfei tears, Xiangfei resentment, Xiaoxiang Bajing, Xiaoxiang Shuiyun and so on, have been repeated Singing has long been the style keynote and eternal image in classical literature and art.

Geographical features

Pingzhou is the meeting of Xiaoxiang, and Xiaoshui originates from Jiuyi. The article "Lady Xiang in the songs of Chu" describes the Xiangfei's going to and from Xiaoxiang's PU, climbing baipingzhou and looking at Jiuyi mountain, which is completely consistent with the geographical situation of Pingzhou.

Pingzhou is located at the intersection of Xiaoshui and Xiangshui. Open waters, four seasons Chengbi, green mountains across the bank, next to egrets. When Xu Xiake visited here in the Ming Dynasty, he said that Pingzhou was in Xiangkou, and Xiaoxiang was just like Longkou

Pearl.

Guangxu's Lingling county annals records: "under huangyedu, there is Bai Pingzhou, which is half a mile wide and more than two miles long. There are many old Bai Ping, so it's named. Today, there are many ancient trees and thick leaves. In summer, the water is shining green and overcast. Most of the boats are under them. It's like painting. There's the white apple Academy. "

Xiangshui originates from Xiangyuan yanghaishan and Xiaoshui from yingdao Jiuyi mountain. The upstream of Xiangshui is called deep water in ancient times. The deep water source comes from sanfenshi, the highest peak of Jiuyi mountain, which is called sanfenshishui in ancient times.

The word "Xiao" in the ancient Chinese is also called "Shu". The word "Xiao" comes from water, which is the proper name of Xiaoshui. "Shuowen Jiezi" says: "Xiao, the name of water." Again: "Shu, deep Qing also." "The water classic notes:" Xiaozhe, the water is clear and deep There are "rain Xiaoxiao" and "wind Xiaoxiao" in classical poetry, such as "wind and rain Xiaoxiao" in Zheng Feng of the book of songs, which means deep rain and desolation, which is the extended meaning of "Xiao".

It can be seen that Xiaoshui was named after Shenqing in ancient times, and it was the first crystal clear river in ancient times. Zhang Heng's four sorrowful poems: "my thoughts are in Guilin, and I want to go deep into the Xiangshui river." "Xiangshuishen" is not a general description, but a typical description based on text exegesis. Luo Han's "Xiangzhong Ji" is called "Xiangchuan Qingzhao wuliuzhang" and "Xiaoxiang", which is also based on text exegesis.

The word "Shen" also comes from "water", which is also the name of water. "Shuowen" said: "deep, water, out of Guiyang Nanping, West into the camp road." An ancient Silk Map unearthed from Mawangdui No.3 Han tomb in Changsha in 1973 shows that Jiuyi mountain and the deep water originated from Jiuyi mountain are in the center of the topographic map. The word "Di Shun" is marked beside the mountain. A spring flows out of it in a curved shape, with the word "deep water source" annotated.

Deep water source is Xiaoyuan water source, which is also called "Xiaoyuan water" and "Sanfen stone water" in Xu Xiake's travel diary of Chu. The ancients said: "two mountains with one river." Where there are mountains, there will be rivers. Where there are rivers, there will be mountains. Mountains and rivers are connected and inseparable. Liu Zongyuan's poem "Xiang Kou Guan Xiao Xiang Er Shui Suo Hui" says: "nine doubts run, Lin Yuan Wei lingers." So the ancients said that Pingzhou must speak of Xiaoxiang, and that Xiaoxiang must trace back to Jiuyi mountain.

Xiaoxiang and Jiuyi are linked by mountains and rivers, facing each other from north to south.

Pingzhou academy is located in the beautiful land of South China and the core of Xiaoxiang. It has clear waves, two rivers, clear weather and remote artistic conception. Every stone and every tree is enough to inspire people's heart and conscience.

Offering courses

Pingzhou academy inherits the Academy tradition since the Tang and Song Dynasties, and offers courses of Sinology, including: introduction to Sinology, general theory of Confucian classics, general theory of history, general theory of Zixue, general theory of Jibu, general theory of Confucianism, general theory of Taoism, general theory of Buddhism and so on.

The traditional Chinese Studies Curriculum of Pingzhou academy pursues and maintains the academic orderliness and purity, with the help of Confucian classics and politics, with elegance, civilization, scholar's style and education.

In view of the changes of the nation, the state, the academy and the world customs in the past 100 years, Pingzhou Academy's Sinology curriculum is to pursue and maintain academic independence and academic consciousness. We cherish warmth and respect for the ancients, the classics, the ancient history, and all the excellent cultural traditions of our country. In terms of academic opinions, they are not emotional and emotional, do not directly follow the current politics and market, do not accommodate the current situation of the public, and do not exaggerate and exaggerate propaganda. He was modest, respected and dedicated to his teachers, and sought truth and justice.

Based on the historical, geographical and cultural characteristics of southern Hunan, the Sinology course of Pingzhou academy is especially concerned with tracing the images of Jiuyi's martyrs and Xiaoxiang, seeking purity but not complexity, seeking quietness but not impetuosity, seeking perfection but not scale, seeking indifference and tranquility but not the benefit of time.

Architectural pattern

The central axis of Pingzhou academy is from north to south, with Kuixing Pavilion, lecture hall, middle gate, lobby, gate, atrium, screen wall and corridor.

Kuixing Pavilion is the library of the Academy. "Xiao Jing Yuan Shen Qi" says: "Kui Zhu's article imitates Cangjie's image." Zhang Huaiyu's shuduan says: "the ancient writer was created by Shi Cangjie, the Yellow Emperor. Looking up at the trend of Kuixing's circular music, looking down at the images of tortoise script and bird tracks, and drawing on all kinds of beauty, it is said that ancient prose is combined into words

The lecture hall is a semi open hall.

Front of lecture hall

It is the regular script of "sixteen character heart biography", that is, the words of Shun telling Yu in Shangshu dayumo: "people's mind is in danger, Tao's mind is tiny, only essence is unique, and it is allowed to stick to the truth." It is the highest realm of Chinese ancient governance and learning that Yao, Shun and Yu are the three sages. Zhu Zi said: "the heart of the people is only in danger, the heart of the Tao is only tiny, the essence is the only one, and the promise is the only way." "It's more or less a matter for Yao, Shun and Yu to count the sages to rule the world. In the end, it's only here." Wang Yangming said, "the study of sages is also the study of mind. The prime ministers of Yao, Shun, and Yu said, "the mind of the people is only in danger, the mind of the Tao is only tiny, the essence is the only one, and we are willing to stick to it." This is also the source of mind learning. "

Side of lecture hall

It is a four character list of "courtesy, righteousness, honesty and shame". "Guanzi" said: "state owned four-dimensional, one-dimensional absolute tilt, two-dimensional absolute danger, three-dimensional absolute cover, four-dimensional absolute extinction." "What is four dimensions? One is etiquette, two is righteousness, three is honesty and four is shame. " "If the four dimensions are not open, the country will perish." It shows that the four words of "courtesy, justice, honesty and shame" are the foundation of governing the country, family and learning.

In the lecture hall

There is a couplet written by Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang: "up to now, it has broken through 800 miles of turbid waves and torrents, and read together to call the soul of Qu Zi; in ancient times, looking at the white clouds and the sun in the thirty-six Bay, I still think about the drum and the soul of Xiang." There is also a couplet written by Professor Wang Tiankui: "the south wind is like water, inheriting the world for the public, we must know that people's livelihood is no trivial matter; the rain at night is like a piano, playing the Xiangling drum, we can feel the true feelings in the world."

Mittertor

In the middle of the courtyard. In the middle of the courtyard is the Qingshi corridor left over by the Qing Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Ping Zhou Shu Yuan