Huize guild hall

Huize guild hall

Huize, a famous historical and cultural city in Yunnan Province, was an ancient Yelang place in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and Tanglang county was set up in the Eastern Han Dynasty (135 BC).

Because the local copper rich, the history of merchants gathered, the peak of ancestral halls, halls, temples as many as 108. In 1699, Huize became the residence of Dongchuan government, and the number of temples and guildhalls increased sharply.

Historical allusions

The hometown of King Qian

Huize has a long history. It was an ancient Yelang land in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Tanglang county was set up in the sixth year of Emperor Wu's reign (135 BC), tangxing County in the Tang Dynasty, Dongchuan Prefecture in the Ming Dynasty and Huize County in the fifth year of Yongzheng reign (1727 BC). It has a history of more than 2000 years. It was listed as a famous historical and cultural city in Yunnan Province in 1995.

In the long history of Huize, the mining and metallurgy industry flourished.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, "Tanglang Tongxi" forged by Huize was well-known. The inscriptions and patterns of Tongxi were the earliest objects to use Chinese characters in Central Yunnan. They are detailed materials to study the influence of Central Plains Han culture on Yunnan.

In the Ming Dynasty, Huize copper and lead entered a certain scale of mining period. The existing one with a diameter of 57.8 cm and a weight of 41.4 kg and a "Jiajing Tongbao" coin is the most ancient metal coin in the world in terms of diameter and quality.

During the Qianlong and Jiaqing dynasties, because of the Qing government's huge demand for copper, the mining, smelting, casting, and transportation of copper to Beijing were unprecedented. The annual rated amount of copper transported to the capital was 6.33144 million jin, which made Huize County known as "the first city of transportation in Beijing".

The prosperity of mining and metallurgy industry has attracted merchants from Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places to gather. So far, Huize has left more than 100 guildhalls and temples in various provinces, forming a unique copper culture and Guildhall culture.

Guild hall culture

In the 38th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, with the impact of the large-scale immigration tide of "Huguang filling Sichuan", a large number of Han people from Huguang, Jiangxi and other places poured into Huize. In order to ensure their safety and economic interests, foreign visitors have formed local parties to set up local guilds, trade associations to hold temple fairs, and religious sects to set up various kinds of temples.

A small county located in the border has built 11 provincial-level Guildhall, 7 government, department and state-level Guildhall, 2 county-level Guildhall, 9 large-scale industrial temple fairs, 22 large-scale religious temples, and 108 temples in the suburbs, forming a unique "Guildhall culture" in Huize, making Huize the county with the most Guildhall in China.

Huize Guildhall is the general name of Guildhall built in Huize by ancient provinces and governments. Its architectural community is located in Huize ancient city. The whole group together into a piece, not only echo each other, but also have their own characteristics, forming a grand scale of ancient buildings.

Huize guild hall has the characteristics of ancient architecture in different periods of the Qing Dynasty. It can be called the "Museum of ancient architecture in the Qing Dynasty". It is a precious material for the study of architectural art and copper business culture in the Qing Dynasty.

In 2006, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Huize Guildhall, represented by the eight Guildhall, was not only an office for provinces to purchase copper mines in Huize in various periods of the Qing Dynasty, but also an important place for fellow villagers to meet, and an organization of provincial chambers of Commerce.

Guild hall building

Kang Suh

Wanshougong, a provincial cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province, is commonly known as Jiangxi temple and Jiangxi guild hall. Located in the middle of Jiangxi street in Huize County, it was built in 1711 A.D.

Wanshou Palace is one of the large-scale and well preserved ancient buildings in Huize, with a total area of 7549.92 square meters, 44 houses and a construction area of 2874 square meters.

The ancient buildings of Wanshou Palace reflect the unity of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. They are the first of the ancient buildings in Yunnan, including the architectural, wood carving, stone carving and brick carving. They are listed in the "treasure of China" and are also included in the "China Tourism ceremony". It is famous for its male, unusual, beautiful and beautiful features, and is the essence of the ancient architecture in the Qing Dynasty.

Huguang guild hall

Shoufo Temple: Huguang guild hall

Huguang guild hall, commonly known as shoufo temple, also known as Dongyue Temple, is a local guild hall donated by Huguang people. Located in Baoshan Street outside the east gate of Huize County, it is the first of the eight guild halls in Huize County. It was first built in 1704, the 46th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, and then rebuilt in 1771. It covers an area of 8472.4 square meters and a building area of 3127.6 square meters.

The architectural form is the mixed wood structure of hard hill top with bucket and beam. The building group is large in scale and unique in style. The hall has a high lift and reasonable layout, especially the hollow space door. The main buildings are Xiangxian temple, which used to be in the middle courtyard of the hall, with three Ying in the north room, facing south, and the temple still exists; Wenchang Pavilion, which is on the upper floor of Xiangxian temple, facing south, and the present Pavilion still exists, with "Wenchang emperor's throne" in it; Baoshan hall, which is in the middle courtyard of the backyard, with five Ying in the south, with long corridors in the East and West, and the hall is magnificent. Chuwan hall is located in the West courtyard of the hall, with three rooms at the front and the back; Fengyu Huairen Hall is located in the back room of Xiangxian temple and Wenchang Pavilion, with three rooms on the high platform, which are accessible from both sides. It is said that it was arranged by Zeng Wenzheng's office. Before the main courtyard of the hall, the theater was built in the 10th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty (1830), which was the place for local assembly and public banquet. Since the Republic of China, he has performed several compulsory dramas, including Tan Xinpei, Yu Shuyan, Mei Lanfang and other famous actors. Ziwu well: in front of the steps of Xiangxian temple, there is a well with a diameter of about 2 feet and a depth of more than 7 Zhang. The time of digging the well is unknown. This well is called "Ziwu well" because it is sweet at midnight and not at the rest of the day.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Huguang guild hall was managed and used by the grain department, which was completely protected. It was restored and opened again in April 2002, reappearing the historical features of Huize as the "ancient capital of copper merchants". 　

On May 25, 2006, Huize guild hall, as an ancient building of the Qing Dynasty, was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Yunnan guild hall

It is located in xiazouma street in the urban area. It was built by Yunnan businessmen from Yibin. It was first built in 1881 and was completed in the 30th year of Guangsu. Among dozens of Guildhall in other provinces and cities built in Yibin, it is the most magnificent and large-scale one. There are main hall, side hall, theater building, book building, flower hall, Wenxing building, pavilion, pool and rockery

The guild hall of Yunnan is a complex and exquisitely designed ancient building group with high architectural value and artistic value, which integrates the palace and folk buildings of the Qing Dynasty. Unfortunately, after liberation, the occupied units were not well protected, and many of them were damaged. Now only the gate, theater building, Book Building and Wenxing building are left.

Fujian guild hall

In the 50th year of Kangxi (1721), Jian Yuning and Lu Dingjun from Fujian went to Mengzi to do business. After that, Fujian people gradually increased. In the 35th year of Qianlong (1770), it raised funds to construct the guild. In the sixth year of Jiaqing (1801), it built the guild hall. The original site was at Fensi Street (this morning street) in Mengzi. After being damaged by the fire, it was relocated to No. 12 Shifa street in Mengzi.

It covers an area of about 700 square meters, and sits from west to East. It has the original Mountain Gate, two chambers, middle hall, main hall, left and right wing rooms and two suites of two-way two courtyard buildings. In 1920, the bandits attacked Mengzi and burned Shifa street and tiehuo street. The main hall, left and right wing rooms and two apartments were destroyed.

The main hall is a single eaves hard peak, with a combined beam frame of crossing bucket and lifting beam. It is built from top to top, with 18 columns, about 8 meters high, 3 rooms wide, 12.30 meters long, and 3 rooms 10 meters deep.

Front eaves corridor roll shed hall. No Dougong, ornate decoration, bird for, the amount of Fang are embossed flowers. The main ridge of the roof is made of carved tiles, and the vertical belt tread is 5 levels.

The left and right wing rooms are two-story buildings with single eaves and hard hilltops. They are about 6 meters high, 8.5 meters wide and 4.6 meters deep. There are three rooms and one room in each of the two mountains of the original central hall. There are five single buildings in the whole Fujian guild hall.

Address: No.401, Bailong Road, Huize County, Yunnan Province

Longitude: 103.292188

Latitude: 26.416797

Chinese PinYin : Hui Ze Hui Guan