Zhou Enlai childhood reading Office

Former site of Zhou Enlai's childhood reading Office

synonym

Zhou Enlai childhood reading office generally refers to the former site of Zhou Enlai childhood reading office

Located at 174 caoyun West Road, Qinghe District, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, Zhou Enlai's childhood reading office is one of the cultural relics protection units in Jiangsu Province of the people's Republic of China.

On April 19, 1995, it was awarded as a cultural relic protection unit in Jiangsu Province. It is a modern historical relic and revolutionary memorial building.

brief introduction

Huai'an City in Jiangsu Province is the place where Premier Zhou Enlai was born and spent his childhood. Zhou Enlai's childhood reading office is located in the bustling Xichang street, Qinghe District, Huai'an City, facing the clear and beautiful grand canal from the north to the South and the famous qingjiangpu building across the bank.

On March 5, 1898, Zhou Enlai was born in Shanyang County of Huai'an prefecture (now Huai'an District of Huai'an City). In 1904, six-year-old Zhou Enlai, along with his parents, adoptive mother and two younger brothers, moved to qingjiangpu with six family members. First, he lived in his grandfather's house, and then moved to a house not far from his grandfather's house to settle down and study. This is the predecessor of Zhou Enlai's childhood study office. Zhou Enlai spent five years in his childhood here, receiving early enlightenment education, experiencing the hardships of working people's life, and deeply influenced by Chinese traditional culture and ethics. The simple class feelings established in his young mind had a positive and far-reaching impact on his life. Entering Zhou Enlai's childhood reading place, the first thing that comes into sight is a white marble relief wall on the front of Zhou Enlai Memorial square. On the relief, Premier Zhou Enlai looks amiable with a smile on his face and arms on his chest. The background is set off by his favorite plum blossom, which shows that he has the same noble character as plum blossom. The relief wall is 3.4 meters high and 6.8 meters wide. On the top left of the relief figure, there are nine characters of "reading for the rise of China" assembled according to Premier Zhou's handwriting. On the back of the relief wall, with black marble as the bottom, is engraved with the famous poem "Da Jiang Ge Ba u tou Dong" created by Zhou Enlai in his youth, which is simple, heavy and far-reaching.

On the right back of the statue wall is the front door of Zhou Enlai's reading place. On the lintel is a plaque inscribed by Comrade Li Peng, "the former site of Zhou Enlai's childhood reading". The reading room has the characteristics of Huai'an folk houses, with green bricks and grey tiles, wooden doors and windows, a total of 14 rooms, two main rooms, between which there are wing rooms, deep courtyard; behind there is a beautiful garden, lush. The main hall is the bedroom of Zhou Enlai's parents. Because Zhou Enlai's father works in other places for many years, only Zhou Enlai's mother, Wan, and his two youngest sons live in the main hall. Zhou Enlai and his adoptive mother live in the main room. In the east wing of the room, Zhou Enlai studies hard. In front of the door, there is a waxberry with luxuriant branches and leaves, which is cultivated by Zhou Enlai himself. Every December, the flowers bloom year by year. The petals of this wax plum are yellow and crystal clear. Local people call it "yipinmei", which expresses people's infinite respect for Premier Zhou. Zhou Enlai went to his grandfather's home to study in a private school. He was gifted and knowledgeable. Half a year later, he went to Chen's garden private school to study. He successively read "Hundred Surnames", "Three Character Classic", "thousand character text", "four books" and "five classics". In his childhood, Zhou Enlai liked Tang and Song poems very much. In order to memorize the poems taught by his husband and adoptive mother, he got up to recite them at dawn every day. In the face of questions from his husband and adoptive mother, he always answers them like a stream. Chen's foster mother, gentle, like classical literature, love to tell stories, calm temperament, through oral heart, Zhou Enlai had a good preschool education. In those years, there were rich collections of calligraphy and painting, and my grandfather Wan Qingxuan had a deep knowledge of calligraphy. On the wall in the middle of Zhou Enlai's parents' room, Zhou Enlai's grandfather's calligraphy and ink were hanging. The red and golden nave was the seal script "Shou", and the couplets on both sides were also seal script. On the walls on both sides were four screens of plum blossom. His grandfather's hobby deeply influenced Zhou Enlai in his childhood and provided him with favorable conditions to practice calligraphy. Zhou Enlai started with the facial style, and then learned about the Wei Dynasty stele, forming a future font with the main facial style and the style of Wei Dynasty stele. In the spring of 1907, Wan's biological mother was seriously ill. At this time, his father, who worked in Hubei, had no money to send back. The Zhou family had been living on debt, and their family was in great difficulty. Zhou Enlai had to pawn clothes to see his mother. Almost every day, he went to pawnshop to buy medicine. His mother Wan's condition is getting worse and worse, and Zhou Enlai has to cook and feed medicine for his mother every day. Soon, Wan died. Then his foster mother, Chen, was also very ill and soon left the world. Zhou Enlai, who lost two loving mothers in a row, was very sad at the age of 9, which made him bear the burden of his family too early. Zhou Enlai and his two younger brothers were unable to make ends meet in qingjiangpu due to the loss of their relatives and financial resources. At the turn of autumn and winter in the same year, Zhou Enlai took his younger brothers Enpu and Enshou back to live in Fuma lane, Shanyang County, "helping with the housework, in good order.". Two years later, under the arrangement of his uncle, Zhou Enlai, 12, boarded a boat from the canal to the north and left his hometown. In 1979, the Huaiyin municipal government renovated 14 houses of Zhou Enlai's childhood study office, which was officially opened to the public in 1988. Zhou Enlai's reading office has become a patriotic education base.

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On February 18, 1978, the second issue of Huai'an literature and history materials published the article "the family affairs of the beloved Zhou Enlai and others". Chen Baichen met Premier Zhou at a small forum of the Chinese drama society in Chongqing in 1946. He asked about my native place and knew that I was from Huaiyin. He said happily, "we are little fellow townsmen." Premier Zhou further explained that his mother's surname was Wan, Huaiyin, and grandmother's Lu, a native of Huai'an, lived in Huai'an and Huaiyin when he was young, and asked me if I knew about all the families? I said that there is a man surnamed Wan in Huaiyin, Hebei Shili long street. The prime minister said, "yes, yes.". It is said that there are thousands of families at the west end of Shili long street, and Huaiyin is called "Wanba Taiye". From the premier's autobiography, I know that he once lived in Wanjia.

A hundred years have passed. Qingjiang Puli canal next to today's urban water transport road 174 West. It's also a well preserved ancient house of Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, this simple and elegant old house of Ming and Qing Dynasties was renovated as the memorial site of Zhou Enlai's childhood reading place before 1995, and was listed as a provincial cultural relic protection unit by the provincial government in April 1995. "The former site of Zhou Enlai's childhood reading place" is composed of Zhou Enlai's former childhood residence and private school. From the side of the canal, walk into the spacious courtyard of the former site of Zhou Enlai reading office. Zhou Enlai's sculpture square was built in 1998. The relief is made of white marble. Zhou Enlai's mind is calm, his face is smiling and his arms are embracing his chest. It looks amiable. The background is his favorite plum blossom. It means that the prime minister has the character of a cold plum. This relief was created by Suzhou Jiangnan arts and crafts factory.

Zhou Enlai wrote the inscription "reading for the rise of China" in his own handwriting, which is more beautiful and bold in the square. Walking towards the Zhaobi, not far away is the gate of the former site of the reading office. A red rectangular plaque is hung on the high eaves of the gate. It is the "former site of Zhou Enlai's childhood reading" inscribed by Premier Li Peng in 1997. Stepping into the gate of the former site of the reading room, you can see the spacious and deep courtyard, and several old houses are arranged in the east wall. It is now the studio inside the hall. In front of the door is a long and wide road leading to Zhou Enlai's old childhood home. There are flowers and trees in the courtyard, and the scenery is beautiful. There is also a short stone street at the side of the alley, which gives people a simple and quiet feeling. Inside the gate of the west wall garden is the Sihe Courtyard, with a purplish red door. Inside the main house is the private school where Zhou Enlai and his cousin once studied. On the opposite side is the exhibition hall of the former site of Zhou Enlai's childhood. The walls of several rooms are full of words and pictures describing Zhou Enlai's childhood life and his childhood. The whole house makes people feel the aftertaste, which is completely the cordial feeling of that time. As soon as you enter the courtyard, it's a small square courtyard. In front of the door, there is a clean courtyard with ancient color against the wall. When you turn around, you can see that in the west is a courtyard. The main house is Zhou Enlai's father and his eighteenth uncle bought a winning prize together, and used the winning money to rent the courtyard in the late Qing Dynasty. The main room in the backyard is the living room of Zhou Enlai's parents. His father Zhou Shaogang, named Maochen, was born in Shaoxing from 1874 to 1942. He moved from Huai'an to Huaiyin in 1904 and soon went out to work. He was a small civil servant in Hubei, Hebei, Tianjin and Anhui. He died in Chongqing in 1942 and did useful work for the revolution.

His mother, Zhou Wanshi, from 1877 to 1907, ranked the 12th in Wan's family, also known as the 12th aunt. She was born in Huaiyin. She was cheerful and capable. As a young girl, she was smart and knowledgeable. Before she got married, she took charge of Wanfu household chores. She handled affairs skillfully and distinguished clearly, which had a great influence on Zhou Enlai's talent growth. In 1907, he was ill in this house. On the front wall of the house, there are still calligraphy and paintings of "the moon shines on Qingxing, good wind comes to my old friend". It was selected by Zhou Enlai's grandfather Wan Qing. In the courtyard, Westinghouse is Jiang's mother's living house. In the east of the house is Enlai's study. In a nearby high terrace flower pool, there are 100 year old Chimonanthus praecox trees planted. People call her pinmei, which means Zhou Enlai's official residence, virtue and ambition, and human's personality. Today, the Chimonanthus praecox trees that Premier Zhou's novice watered and cultivated in his childhood are still proud of frost

Chinese PinYin : Zhou En Lai Tong Nian Du Shu Chu