Spring and autumn tower

Spring and autumn tower

There are four Chunqiu buildings, which are located in Xuchang City, Dengzhou City, Sheqi County, Henan Province, and Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province.

Xuchang City

brief introduction

Xuchang Chunqiu building is located in the front street of the Confucian temple in Xuchang City, Henan Province, facing the Chunqiu square. It has a long history and splendid culture. As early as 15000 years ago in the Paleolithic age, ancient ancestors lived here and left rich cultural heritage: Lingjing cultural site and shigu cultural site in the Neolithic age; Juntai and suojiao well in the Xia Dynasty; sites and relics of the Three Kingdoms period; JunGuan kiln site and ancient buildings in the Tang and Song Dynasties; TASI and zongmiao temples in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Throughout the history and culture of Xuchang, the most influential culture at home and abroad is the culture of the Three Kingdoms.

Construction history

In the first year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 196), Cao Cao welcomed the emperor of the Han Dynasty and promised to "take the emperor to order the princes". Xuchang became the national political, economic and cultural center at that time. Cao's father and son are domineering in Xuchang. They look down on the world and plan for hegemony. Daxing garrison, attracting talents, ordered to seek talents, and advocated literature. In the past few years, Xu Chang became the base camp for them to fight against Shu, Wu he and finally unify northern China. In 220 AD, Cao Pi ascended the throne here and founded the state of Wei. He changed Xu county to Xuchang, one of the five capitals. The magnificent and colorful history of the Three Kingdoms has accumulated the unique culture of the Three Kingdoms. In addition, the historical sites built to commemorate the celebrities and events of the Three Kingdoms make Xuchang's cultural connotation of the Three Kingdoms more solid and broad. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 500 places of interest in the Three Kingdoms and more than 80 in Xuchang. These places of interest are widely distributed, with many authentic works and high grade.

The cultural heritage of the Three Kingdoms in Xuchang is the precious wealth of the people of Xuchang, even the whole country and the whole world. The municipal Party committee and government of Xuchang attach great importance to the protection, development and utilization of the cultural resources of the Three Kingdoms, and have done a lot of work. The first is to conduct a comprehensive survey and verify the cultural relics and historic sites of the Three Kingdoms; the second is to carry out publicity and education for the whole people, and vigorously promote the excellent historical culture; the third is to repair the historical sites of the Three Kingdoms, and first is to carry out Later, tens of millions of yuan were invested in the construction of Xuchang Museum, the restoration of Baling bridge, Guandi temple and Chunqiu building cultural relics scenic spot, the restoration of Huatuo cemetery is in progress, and the restoration of Prime Minister Cao Cheng's residence has also been included in the ninth five year plan. Xuchang has been identified as the Three Kingdoms strategic line of China's Cultural Relics Tourism. People with insight are welcome to come for sightseeing and investment.

Chunqiu tower, also known as Dajie Pavilion, was once called Guangong house, Guanwang temple, Wuan Wang Temple, Liangyuan Yingfeng temple and Guandi temple. Located in the middle of the front street of the Confucian temple in the center of Xuchang, it is a Ming and Qing style building complex.

According to Shu Shu in the annals of the Three Kingdoms: "in the fifth year of Jian'an (AD 200), Cao Gong went to Yuan Shao for the eastern expedition. Cao captured Yu and returned home. He worshipped him as a partial general. "It's said that after Guan Yu's defeat in xiapi, in order to protect Liu Bei's two wives, Gan Mi attached to Cao Ying and joined Xu. The first residence of Cao Ciyu. In order to avoid suspicion, Yu divided the house into two courtyards. The two sisters in law lived in the inner courtyard, while they lived in the outer courtyard. They said hello in the morning and evening, and read the spring and Autumn Annals at night. It was said that it was a beautiful talk. Later generations, in order to show Guan Yu's loyalty, built a temple to worship him. A first floor was built in the temple, which is called "spring and autumn tower", commonly known as "Bingzhu Dadan place", and is one of the ten sceneries in Xuchang. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhen Ruzhou, the governor of Xuzhou, wrote a poem for Chunqiu building: "hold the candle to avoid suspicion in the middle of the night. Soon after, Yicao returned to the Han Dynasty, leaving Yingchuan as a place for Yingchuan. "

Chunqiu building was built from the Yuan Dynasty to the first year (1271 AD). It was repaired many times in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the scale of the building was gradually improved. According to records, the original outer courtyard includes the mountain gate, the bell and Drum Tower, the spring and autumn tower, the middle hall and the back hall; the inner courtyard covers an area of more than 20 mu, including the ancestral hall of the three dynasties of the emperor, the ancestral hall of the empress zhaolie, the Wen'an Pavilion and some supporting buildings. Later, it was destroyed in the war, leaving only one Chunqiu building.

In 1995, the Chunqiu Lou cultural relics scenic spot was restored, with an investment of 15 million yuan and a total area of 20000 square meters. The outer courtyard has a mountain gate, Chunqiu Lou, Guansheng hall, Daoyin building; the inner courtyard has a garden architectural style, including ganmi second harem, Wenan Pavilion, Shuixie, guayin Fengjin hall, and Dacheng hall, The newly built Guansheng temple, with seven rooms in front and three rooms in depth, has a total height of 33.1 meters. It has triple eaves, a high platform of Xieshan style. It is decorated with yellow glass tiles, white marble railings, bluestone floors, and 13 meters high statues of Guanyu, Guanping, Zhoucang, Wangfu and Liaohua, which are rare in China.

Architectural structure

Chunqiu tower is the main building of Guandi temple, with brick and wood structure and double eaves. It is more than 30 meters high. The top of the hall is covered with green glazed tiles, with three rooms in width. There are 16 porches around it. Both the upstairs and the downstairs have corridors. On the basis of the blue stone pillars, there are patterns of flowers, birds, insects, fish and figures. The structure of the building is rigorous, the shape is generous, and the pavilion is magnificent.

Chunqiu tower is the highest building of the temple. There is a sitting statue of Guan Yu reading spring and autumn at night, which is vivid. There are Dao tower and Yin tower on the two wings, Qinglong Yanyue Dao of Guan Yu and Hou seal of Hanshou Pavilion. The east courtyard is divided into front palace and back palace, and there are two statues of Huang Sao. There are gardens, pavilions, etc.

There are two stone tablets downstairs in the spring and Autumn period. One is the stone tablet of "the picture of Cao Cao's Ci by Guan Wang" erected in the sixth year of Ming Dynasty (1455). The upper part is the original text of the book of Cao Cao's Ci by Guan Yu, and the lower part is the picture of Cao Cao's Ci by Guan Yu. Another pass is about the statue of Guan Gong painted by Wu Daoyu, a painting saint of Tang Dynasty, which was carved by Liu Zongzhou. Guan Yu rides on a red rabbit horse, carries the Yanyue sword, and his eyes are shining; his long beard is flying, and he is dignified but not disgusted, and resolute but not stupid. He is a real Confucian general. Guan Yu's Mount stands upright with his head high and his feet like pillars. His eyes are sharp and his ears are sharp. He has the power to run at once. He is really powerful and majestic. The above two steles are elegant in writing, excellent in calligraphy and exquisite in carving.

Current situation protection

In 1995, the Chunqiu building was restored, with an investment of 15 million yuan. The total area is 20000 square meters. The outer courtyard has mountain gate, Chunqiu building, Guansheng hall and Daoyin building. The inner courtyard has the style of garden architecture, including ganmi second harem, Wenan Pavilion, waterside pavilion and guayin golden hall. There are also Dacheng hall, halberd gate, east-west corridor and so on. The newly built Guansheng hall, with seven rooms in front and three rooms in depth, has a total height of 33.1 meters, triple eaves, Xieshan style high platform building, with yellow glass tiles on the top, white marble railings, bluestone floors, and 13 meter high statues of Guanyu, Guanping, Zhoucang, Wangfu and Liaohua, which are rare in China.

Dengzhou

Jitan Shanshan guild hall is located in the Middle School of Jitan Town, 20 kilometers east of Jitan Town, Dengzhou City, Nanyang City, Henan Province. It is a meeting place for businessmen from other places. It is also used for worshiping gods, feeling spirits, praying for blessings, exchanging information, receiving merchants and parking goods. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Dengzhou was economically active. There were as many as 15 guildhalls built in Dengzhou. Among these guildhalls, "Shanshan Guildhall" in Jitan was the most particular. There are hall, worship hall, theater, bell tower, Drum Tower, spring and autumn tower and stone archway in the guild hall, which are magnificent and magnificent.

Sheqi County

"There is a spring and autumn building in the credit shop, half of which is still in the sky." Local people often use this doggerel to describe the height of Chunqiu tower. Shanshan guild hall, located in Sheqi County, Henan Province, is a magnificent and large-scale ancient building. In particular, its woodcut, stone carving, embroidery and palace lantern art are comparable to those of the Forbidden City in Beijing. The guild hall was built by the merchants who lived here in the Qin and Jin provinces to meet officials and offer sacrifices to gods for money. The whole building group of 139 houses, with rigorous layout and proper structure, not only has the style of palace, but also has the characteristics of temple. It is a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Chunqiu building is the last building of the main courtyard of Shanshan guild hall of Sheqi. It is dedicated to the statue of Guan Yu who read Chunqiu at night. According to the records of the inscription on the founding of Chunqiu building in the 47th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1782 AD), the building was first built when Shanxi and Shaanxi merchants raised money to establish the guild hall. A lot of preparations were made for the building This is the first thing for you They lost their sincerity and showed their strong points. Either they recognized the excellent and tried their back; or they rewarded the good and urged them to raise money; or they ran around and took materials from Chu and came to Wanjun; or they knew all the places and visited famous craftsmen to gather their hammer skills for temple construction. After reading about the cold and heat, you can find all kinds of things, five kinds of materials and utensils, and then you can walk on the mountain and stone, and on the ground and pottery, which will be completed majestically. After the completion of the Chunqiu tower, it is majestic and spectacular. The inscription describes it as "the first sight of Luoluo is consolidated, which is out of Xiaohan, resplendent and resplendent, reflecting the sun and stars.". Try to place yourself on it, according to the inside of the universe, all in the distant view. And if you look south, you can look down. It's so majestic that I didn't know I was facing the blue clouds at first. According to word-of-mouth legend, Chunqiu tower was built in the 21st year of Emperor Qianlong. Under it, a heavy platform was built. The platform ground was crisscrossed with green and white stones. In front of the platform, there were three footpaths on the left, middle and right. Around the steps were carved stone railings and Panlong watchposts. On the base of the platform, there are seven floors wide, six rooms deep and ten feet high, with triple eaves and glass roofs. Each floor is equipped with an overhanging outline for visitors to view. Each part of the building is ornate in carving and painting, which can be regarded as a masterpiece in China. Sometimes there is a rumor that "there is a spring and autumn building in the credit shop, half of which is inserted into the sky". In front of the Chunqiu tower, there was a hall of worship, with Dao tower and seal tower on both sides, and East and West profiles

Chinese PinYin : Chun Qiu Lou