Liuyang Confucian Temple

Confucious'Temple

synonym

Liuyang Confucian temple generally refers to the Confucian Temple (Liuyang Confucian temple, Hunan Province)

Confucian temple, a Confucian temple, is a palace style ancient building complex, located in the north of guizhai Road, Liuyang City, Changsha City, Hunan Province, on the campus of Liuyang No.1 middle school.

Confucian temple was built in Song Dynasty. It is 149 meters long from north to South and 43 meters wide from east to west. It has 13 building units. It is one of the well preserved Confucian temples in China.

Brief introduction of Confucian Temple

Liuyang Confucian temple, built in Song Dynasty, was rebuilt in 1843. On the central axis are panchi, Shiqiao, lingxingmen, Shijie, dachengmen, Yudao, Qiyang stone carving "Wolong Baozhu", platform, Dacheng hall and yubeiting.

Layout structure

The Confucian temple is flanked by Yuanmen, cloisters, bell and drum pavilions and side halls. Dacheng hall is high, with double eaves on the top of the mountain, glazed tiles, blue and white tiles as ridges, and gourd top in the middle.

The hall is supported by 32 granite pillars and arranged in three layers. On the front, the screen is made of a carved and hollowed out nave door, surrounded by a stone fence gallery. The imperial tablet Pavilion at the back of the hall used to have plaques inscribed by Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong, such as "Si Wen Zai Zi" and "Wan Shi Shi Shi Shi Biao". The platform in front of the hall is 1.67 meters high. It is paved with granite and surrounded by stone railings. In the southeast and southwest corner of the platform, there are four corners with double eaves, dance pavilions and music pavilions, which are used to worship Confucius in spring and autumn. Throughout the Confucian temple, it has a typical architectural style of Jiangnan in Qing Dynasty, which is resplendent in gold and jade, symmetrical in East and West, connected in corridors and surrounded by vermilion walls.

Liuyang Confucian temple was first built in the Song Dynasty, and was relocated in 1818. Daoguang 23 years (AD 1843) renewal, moved Chongsheng temple to the right, rebuilt Dacheng hall, built Kuiwen Pavilion. Since then, Liuyang Confucian temple has become more magnificent and magnificent.

Liuyang Confucian temple covers an area of more than 6000 square meters from north to south. On the central axis, from south to north, there are Wanren palace wall (now arched gate), panchi (now flower bed), Zhuangyuan bridge (destroyed), Lingxing gate (destroyed), Dacheng gate, corridor, terrace, Dacheng hall and yubeiting. Kuiwen Pavilion is located at the back of the Confucian temple. Dacheng hall is the main building of the Confucian temple. It is built on a 1.67-meter-high patio paved with stone. It is a wooden structure with double eaves, yellow glazed tiles, flying corners, blue and white hollow square tiles on the ridge, and a five color gourd top in the middle. Inside the hall, there are eight trigrams bath well and carved door with red lacquer.

Stone pillars of Confucian Temple

The whole Dacheng hall is supported by 32 large stone pillars. On the terrace in front of the hall, there are two dance pavilions in the East and the West. The dance Pavilion is of wood structure, with double eaves and four corners. It is covered with green porcelain tiles and supported with yellow glazed tiles. The dance Pavilion is supported by four stone pillars inside and outside, and the top of the pavilion is a lotus plate bath well. The dance Pavilion is the place where dancers perform when they worship Confucius. Under the terrace, there are steps, and in the middle, there are stone sculptures of Panlong in Qiyang.

Under the terrace of Dacheng hall is a 6.21-meter-wide and 42 meter long corridor, which leads directly to Dacheng gate. On both sides of the corridor are courtyards with ancient pines and cypresses. On the left and right sides of the courtyard are the East and West verandahs, which used to be the room where the seventy-two sages of Confucius gate were placed. There are two pavilions of bells and drums at the bottom of the two verandahs. Dachengmen is 9 meters high and 12.6 meters wide. It has a single eaves hard mountain roof and is covered with yellow glazed tiles. The lower steps are lingxingmen and Zhuangyuan bridge of panchi, which span panchi from south to north. The palace walls around the Confucian temple are 5.7 meters high and 9 meters long. Behind the Dacheng hall is the imperial stele Pavilion. On the beam are inscribed plaques of Kangxi and Qianlong, such as "gentle in the covenant" and "model of all ages".

Liuyang Confucian temple has a long history, large scale, exquisite architecture, perfect layout and complete preservation. It enjoys a high reputation in the south of the Yangtze River. In addition, Houshan and kuiwenge (which are the subsidiary parts of the Confucian temple in History), its scale is rare in China. The ancient music of offering sacrifices to Confucius in Liuyang Confucian temple was famous all over the world.

Liuyang ancient music was created by Qiu Zhizhen, a music temperament expert in Liuyang during the reign of Daoguang in Qing Dynasty, who broke through the taboo of "no ceremony and no music" for thousands of years, corrected the defects of the music temperament of Lu Zheng Yi written by Emperor Kangxi, and explored and sorted out the ancient "Shao music". It is a perfect representation of the ancient "Shao music". It is called "ancient Chinese music" by Professor Yang Yinliu, a famous musician in China The living fossil of modern music. It is the embodiment of thousands of years of Confucian culture in China. It has a profound cultural heritage. Even the Qufu Confucian temple came to study it.

Zeng Guofan once presented two plaques to Liuyang Confucian temple, namely "elegant and mild peace" and "profound and positive music", which has a high reputation of "ancient rites of national music in Liuyang" in history.

significance

Liuyang Confucian temple is also a place of great revolutionary significance. Tan Sitong, a modern bourgeois Enlightenment thinker, reformer and patriot, once founded the first non-governmental science and technology organization "new mathematics school" in kuiwenge.

During the period of the Republic of China, the Confucian temple was established as a county junior high school, where Hu Yaobang, Yang Yong, Li Zhimin and other comrades studied successively. In 1926, the first Congress of Liuyang County was held in Dacheng hall, and the first committee of Liuyang County headed by Pan Xinyuan was established.

In addition, the first farmers' Association and the first women's Congress of Liuyang County were also held here.

Address: No.72 guizhai East Road, Liuyang City, Hunan Province

Longitude: 113.62849187476

Latitude: 28.136826131728

Chinese PinYin : Liu Yang Wen Miao